{"componentChunkName":"component---common-build-tags-template-js","path":"/tag/cannabinoid/","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"Article_3595-markdown","title":"Psilocybin May be the Answer to Autism and a Healthy Microbiome An Interview with Scientist & Researcher Marvin S. Hausman, MD","slug":"psilocybin-may-be-the-answer-to-autism-and-a-healthy-microbiome-an-interview-with-scientist-and-researcher-marvin-s-hausman-md","content":"Dr. Marvin Hausman is Chairman of Nova Mentis’ Scientific Advisory Board and is leading their research and development efforts in medicinal psychedelics. \n\nDr. Hausman is an immunologist and board-certified urological surgeon with more than 30 years of drug research and development experience with various pharmaceutical companies, including Bristol-Myers International, Mead-Johnson Pharmaceutical Co., E.R. Squibb, Medco Research and Axonyx.\n\nHe has years of experience delving into how psychedelics affect the gut microbiome, how psilocybin may be the key to solving autism and why mushrooms are beneficial to our overall health. Below is our interview with Dr. Hausman on research into psilocybin.\n\n\n**Q: Welcome Dr. Hausman, it’s a pleasure to be with you today. I recently saw you speak at the Scientific Microdose conference where you spoke about psilocybin, the microbiome and autism. Let’s start with this. How does the microbiome affect our overall health?**\n\nAnswer: That's an excellent question. I want to start by saying that if you look at an average person, someone standing in front of you, that person is composed of a hundred trillion bacteria and only 31 trillion human cells. And a human is 70 per cent water; how do we hold together? \n\nThe microbiome plays a major part in the health of our bodily system. It's the synergy between the human cell and the bacteria within our body. And it's not just bacteria. There are viruses in our body as well as algae and prokaryotic cells. \n\nWhen the health balance with the microbiome is disturbed, we become sick. An example of this is leaky gut syndrome where material in your intestine moves back into the body. And with it, it carries pathogenic bacteria, leading to irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and even poor mental health. \n\nI worked on a study with The Michael J. Fox Foundation, where we studied Parkinson's disease in an animal model. Many scientists now think that Parkinson’s disease begins in the small intestine, perhaps related to dysfunction of the microbiome. We're learning a lot more about the role of the bacteria in the microbiome and how it correlates to our overall health.\n\n**Q: You're studying how psilocybin may help children with autism. What is the connection between psilocybin, autism, and the microbiome? **\n\nAnswer:  This is a broad question, with a lot of different aspects to cover. The problem is that autism is a devastating disease that impacts our society, and we don't have any good solutions. \n\nAt this moment, the causation of autism is not well-known. Is this a developmental problem, it genetic? We also generalize the disease itself and throw everything into one basket because we don't understand the disorder well enough.\n\nI'm predicting that in the next 10 years, you're going to have 10 to 20 distinct autistic sub disorders. And they're going to be treated differently.  We know the dopamine system is part of the problem and also the serotonin system.\n\nSerotonin is a neurotransmitter and its levels have been found to be elevated in autistic individuals. 90 per cent of serotonin is made in the small intestine, and the bone marrow. Only 10 per cent is made within the brain! So, we are focusing on studying the role of serotonin in various parts of the body.\n\nWe do know that psilocybin is a serotonin agonist. This means that it binds the serotonin receptors and produces a physiologic effect. We're looking at using our psilocybin to correct serotonin problems. \n\nIs psilocybin the right thing to use? I think so, but I also think we have questions, as Plato said, \"We never know the answer. We only approach the answer.\" Another fact to consider is that treatment with antibiotics has the potential to improve autistic symptoms. \n\n**Q: When treating children autism with psilocybin, how much is appropriate? Is this ongoing treatment, or is it a one-time treatment?**\n\nAnswer:  The jury is still out on that answer. It could be one-time. It could be repetitive. Is the dosing going to be a full dose or a microdose that is repeated?  We still need to do more research to have those answers, but what we know seems promising.\n\nWhen you sit on a chair, you have legs that hold the chair up. If we think of a stool with three legs, I'm looking at chronic disease and autism as a three-legged stool. \n\nOne leg is behavioral abnormalities. The other leg is inflammation which may play a causative role. The third leg of the stool is the microbiome; corrupted dysfunctional bacteria in the microbiome may lead to immune system disorders and an inflammatory reaction.  A vicious unhealthy cascade reaction occurs among all 3 legs.\n\nI think it's the microbiome that is causing the problem with the immune system. An example of this is diabetes. Diabetes may be related to corrupted macrophages in the small intestine. Overeating and poor food choices leads to disruption of the microbiome and problems with macrophage function.  \n\nThese dysfunctional macrophages produce cytokines, inflammatory molecules. The cytokines migrate to the liver and cause insulin resistance. The pancreas tries to overcome the insulin resistance by producing more insulin, but the liver cells do not respond. The pancreas cannot keep up and fails; the result is diabetes.  \n\nThe same process may be happening in autism.  We're using new technology to study the microbiome and the inflammatory molecules called cytokines and compare that to autistic behavior. We believe we're going to have an answer by the end of 2021. \n\n**Q: What's are the benefits of consuming mushrooms and psilocybin**\n\nAnswer:  I'd love to talk about a phenomenon in France called the French Paradox. The French Paradox involved towns in Burgundy, France, where they found the people that were living there, lived longer than people in other nearby towns. They all had bad habits including consumption of lots of fatty foods, chronic smoking, etc. Why were they living longer? \n\nOne of the main governmental research institutions in France, started investigating and they found that the longer living people were drinking more burgundy grapes and they also found that there was a substance in the skin of the grapes, called resveratrol.\n\nThe scientists connected resveratrol to a person’s DNA. I know it's a long answer to your question, but the DNA has a tail called the telomere. Every time cells divide you age because little snips fall off. It turns out the telomere determines how long you're going to live.  \n\nWhat got me interested in mushrooms is that we found out that grapes had resveratrol but they also had high levels of another important antioxidant molecule, called Ergothioneine. Grapes cannot produce Ergothioneine. Only mushrooms in the ground can produce this compound and grapes absorb this compound as a nutrient.  A German scientist approximately 10 years ago discovered a transport system for Ergothioneine. \n\nThat transport system is in every human cell or every mammalian cell. And it has only one function, to transport Ergothioneine into your white cells, red cells, and your stem cells. Mushrooms are very important because not only do they supply Ergothioneine, but they produce other important natural nutritional compounds, such as vitamin D. \n\nInterestingly Health Canada has estimated that 16.1 per cent of the death rate in Canada is due to vitamin D deficiency. \n\n**Q: How does the entourage effect work with mushrooms? Is it the same as cannabis?**\n\nAnswer: The entourage effect is a term that really refers back to cannabis but is relevant to mushrooms as well. \n\nThe term entourage effect means that the substances within cannabis work better together than individually. The whole is better than the parts. THC and the cannabinoids work together. More bioavailability and increased biologic action because of the entourage effect. \nAnd I think that the entourage principle applies also to the fungal kingdom, not just cannabis.  Cannabis and mushrooms grow in nature and are considered foods. Mushrooms are the largest food kingdom in the world. The entourage effect plays a role in many foods.\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3071895424836601,"src":"/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/ee604/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.png","srcSet":"/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/69585/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.png 200w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/497c6/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.png 400w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/ee604/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.png 800w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/f3583/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.png 1200w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/10bc8/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.png 1206w","srcWebp":"/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/58556/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/61e93/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.webp 200w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/1f5c5/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.webp 400w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/58556/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.webp 800w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/99238/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.webp 1200w,\n/static/2d7076401e1b9272ad51903a860e2b75/5c285/5ec08fc0d57fda7752d731eb0fd56c6a.webp 1206w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2824-markdown","title":"How Cannabinoids & Terpenes Work Better Together","slug":"how-cannabinoids-and-terpenes-work-better-together","content":"In its natural state, the marijuana plant contains over 480 known natural chemicals. Some of those are cannabinoids, the active compounds responsible for marijuana’s medicinal and recreational effects. _Cannabis sativa_ also contains 120 known terpenes—the oils that give many kinds of plants their distinctive fragrances. \n\nBoth kinds of compounds produce a variety of beneficial effects on their own, but studies suggest—and cannabis consumers confirm—that when cannabinoids and terpenes work together, these effects are more potent. This synergy has been called the “[entourage effect](https://www.cnn.com/2014/03/11/health/gupta-marijuana-entourage/index.html)”—and it can explain why “whole plant medicine” is more effective in treating many health conditions than either terpenes or cannabinoids alone.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### Cannabinoids: What Exactly Do They Do? \n\nCannabis is an intricate plant, rich in a variety of different cannabinoid compounds that bind to the body’s natural cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are found throughout the body in a network called the endocannabinoid system (ECS). And they’re triggered not only by the natural cannabinoid chemicals produced by the body, but also by ones from external sources, such as cannabis.  \n\nBecause cannabinoids from cannabis bind to endocannabinoid receptors, they can affect neurotransmitters in the brain that are responsible for mood, memory, cognition and more. That’s why psychoactive tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can produce euphoria and reduce anxiety. Meanwhile, non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) can trigger immune responses and reduce inflammation throughout the body.  \n\nBut THC and CBD are only the best-known and most thoroughly studied of marijuana’s many compounds. Others include:\n\n* [Cannabigerol (CBG)](https://hellomd.com/articles/beyond-thc-and-cbd-what-you-need-to-know-about-cbc-cbn-and-cbg)\n* [Cannabinol (CBN)](https://hellomd.com/articles/having-trouble-sleeping-try-non-psychoactive-cbn)\n* [Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)](https://hellomd.com/articles/psychoactive-thcv-the-cannabinoid-that-kills-your-appetite)\n\nThere are many lesser compounds that turn up in varying amounts in different cannabis strains and whose individual effects aren’t clearly known. \n\n### Terpenes: Important Oils With Therapeutic Benefits\n\nTerpenes are produced by the resin glands of many plants, not just cannabis—and they’re even found in a few insects. These oily substances are responsible for the distinctive smells and tastes that characterize different plants and trees. \n\nTake limonene, a terpene that adds a lemony scent not only to lemons themselves but also to other fruits, some spices, and a variety of cleaning products as well as some strains of cannabis. \n\nAnd then there’s [pinene, a very common terpene that accounts for the smell of pine trees](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5b84822681fea20008e62ba0/know-your-terpenes-pinene) and a variety of spices as well as industrial and cleaning products. \n\nSome marijuana strains contain limonene and pinene, too. Each cannabis strain has a long list of other terpenes that are both major (showing up frequently and in relatively large quantities in many cannabis strains) and minor (less common terpenes whose value isn’t precisely known).\n\nMany terpenes are even considered food grade, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has designated them as generally safe for consumption. But studies on the properties of terpenes reveal that some have healing benefits, too.\n\nLike cannabinoids, terpenes can bind with endocannabinoid receptors in the brain and body, and they can also act directly on tissues and cells in the immune system. \n\nFor example, pinene can damp down responses in the body’s pain receptors, so that it reduces pain and discomfort from disorders such as fibromyalgia and arthritis. As for limonene, it’s been shown to reduce anxiety, fight fungal infections and improve respiratory function. \n\nTerpenes can also work with each other. Some studies suggest that limonene and pinene can work together to combat viral infections. Meanwhile, a form of pinene called beta-pinene appears to boost the production of myrcene, another terpene that reduces resistance in the blood brain barrier. \n\n### Cannabinoids & Terpenes: A Complex Partnership\n\nBoth the cannabinoids THC and CBD are available in isolated forms, and so are terpenes. You can buy isolated terpene extracts to add to foods. You could even add them to cannabis and marijuana products. \n\nBut research over the past few decades seems to suggest that consumers feel the [maximum effect of cannabinoids and terpenes when they’re consumed together](https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.x) in their natural state. This synergy among various combinations of terpenes and cannabinoids is the reason why many medicinal cannabis experts advocate for whole plant medicine, rather than taking specific compounds in isolation.\n\n### Is the Entourage Effect Real?\n\nIn the 1980s, scientists created a drug called Marinol, a synthetic form of THC designed to boost the appetite of people undergoing chemotherapy treatments. But although Marinol has been widely available by prescription since then, many people seeking its benefits have turned instead to cannabis itself. Patients say that they feel better and get better results from consuming some form of the whole plant.\n\nAfter Marinol, researchers came out with an oromucosal spray called Sativex, another synthesized cannabis product intended to ease the muscle spasms that come with multiple sclerosis. Sativex is a combination of THC and CBD, but it lacks all of the other compounds found in the whole cannabis plant. And, again, a number of patients say they prefer to consume the whole plant instead of taking these compounds in isolation.  \n\nAll of this seems to suggest that the power of the entourage effect is real. But because of restrictions on cannabis research, studies on this effect have been limited. But cannabis consumers attest to the benefits of taking cannabis in its natural form over synthetic extracts, and some of the relatively little research on the entourage effect seems able to support their claims.\n\nStill, [some research finds little evidence for the entourage effect](https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/some-of-the-parts-is-marijuana-rsquo-s-ldquo-entourage-effect-rdquo-scientifically-valid/). These studies usually point to the need for more extensive studies to determine which combinations of cannabis compounds and cannabis-terpene combinations might produce specific effects. This, say some researchers, could open doors to a new era of designer cannabis products, with specific cannabis-terpene mixtures that could be fine-tuned to suit individual needs.\n\n### Whole Plant Cannabis Medicine Has It All \n\nIsolated cannabis compounds appear in a variety of products, and these have their own benefits. For example, CBD-only formulations can have a wide range of beneficial effects for a long list of health conditions and don’t produce psychoactive effects.\n\nAnd for anyone interested in consuming a specific terpene, they can buy that terpene extract and add it to cannabis products or food to get a specific effect. \n\nBut because the complex interactions among the hundreds of cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis still aren’t thoroughly understood, cannabis advocates recommend consuming cannabis in its whole, natural state whenever possible to get the full benefit of its many healthful effects.\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5b8882d88dd0720008373fcf/cannabis-101-what-you-need-to-know-to-about-marijuana) index of articles. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's 100% online, private and efficient.\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3888888888888888,"src":"/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/14b42/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.jpg","srcSet":"/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/f836f/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.jpg 200w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/2244e/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.jpg 400w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/14b42/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.jpg 800w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/47498/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.jpg 1200w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/37d86/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.jpg 1500w","srcWebp":"/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/58556/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/61e93/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.webp 200w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/1f5c5/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.webp 400w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/58556/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.webp 800w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/99238/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.webp 1200w,\n/static/a377ee13e997bf466b26e65019d63d21/90fb1/ff8f809bfeb3a5db1d2d31ee399a4581.webp 1500w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2671-markdown","title":"Can Cannabis Help Defend Against Endometrial Cancer?","slug":"can-cannabis-help-defend-against-endometrial-cancer","content":"Endometrial cancer (EC), the most common gynecologic cancer in the U.S., is on the rise. This year, the American Cancer Society estimates 63,280 women will be diagnosed with EC, and 11,350 will die from the disease. \n\nExposure to too much estrogen is believed to play a major role in the development of EC, because it can stimulate endometrial cells to grow and potentially become malignant. Women who have an increased risk of EC are those who:\n\n* Use certain hormone replacement therapies (to treat menopause)\n* Have started menstruating at an early age\n* Never had children\n* Are overweight or obese particularly after menopause\n\nAll of these factors increase a woman’s overall lifetime exposure to estrogen. Women with endometriosis—a pro-inflammatory disease in which tissues normally found in the uterine lining grow outside the uterus—are also at an increased risk of EC. \n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### What Role Do Cannabinoids Play When it Comes to Cancer?\n\nBesides the well-known painkilling and anti-emetic effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in cancer patients, there’s mounting evidence that these cannabinoids may inhibit in-vitro growth of various types of tumor cells. Animal studies also show that THC and CBD may impair the ability of certain types of cancer cells to invade tissues and metastasize to other parts of the body.\n\nHowever, the scales tip more toward CBD in the growing number of preliminary studies showing its potential to stop the growth and expansion of cancer cells.\n\nRELATED: [CAN CANNABIS SWITCH OFF CANCER?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a1362a0eea891000897e26a/can-cannabis-switch-off-cancer)\n\n### CBD Shows Therapeutic Promise With Hard-to-Treat Tumors\n\nIn a recent study, investigators from the University of Porto in Portugal tested the anti-cancer effects of THC and CBD in two endometrial cancer cell lines called Ishikawa and Hec50co. While Ishikawa is an estrogen-dependent EC cell line—meaning, it needs estrogen to continue to survive, Hec50co is able to develop other means of surviving without estrogen. ECs that don’t rely on estrogen to survive are more difficult to treat.\n\nResearchers also treated the EC cells with the endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). AEA and 2-AG are compounds chemically akin to CBD and THC in cannabis. \n\nWhat researchers found was that the cannabinoids worked in various ways to kill EC cells. In estrogen-dependent EC, AEA and CBD induced apoptosis—a process of programmed cell death—by activating a receptor called transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1(TRPV1). TRPV1 is involved in the transmission and modulation of pain. Previous studies have shown that CBD’s action to reduce sensitivity to pain is through this receptor.\n\nThey also found that when estrogen-independent EC cells were treated with AEA and CBD, it resulted in a drastic cytotoxic—toxic to cells—effect, independent of TRPV1. Meanwhile, THC treatment didn’t have any effect on either EC cell line, and none of the cannabinoids had any effect on normal, non-cancerous cells.\n\nThe University of Porto researchers concluded that CBD and CBD-rich extracts may be more promising than THC for the potential treatment of endometrial tumors. These findings show that CBD is effective in inhibiting tumor cell growth regardless of whether the tumor needs estrogen to grow.\n\nOf course, more studies are needed to test these findings. However, this outcome suggests that CBD could have potential as a therapeutic agent for these hard-to-treat tumors.\n\nRELATED: [CBD: THE MEDICINE OF THE FUTURE](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56c52e887c6109000800009a/cbd-cannabidiol-the-medicine-of-the-future)\n\n### Can CBD Be Used to Treat Endometrial Cancer?\n\nClinical studies are needed to determine the potential efficacy and dose of CBD as a therapy for EC in humans. It may be that CBD could be used in combination with current EC therapies to enhance their tumor-killing actions. It should be noted that at this point, there’s absolutely no evidence in humans to support women solely using CBD to treat their EC.\n\n### Should Women Use Cannabis to Reduce the Risk of Endometrial Cancer?\n\nCannabis may help protect against EC and perhaps other cancers by lowering inflammation in the body. Chronic inflammation of tissues may lead to cellular DNA damage that could ultimately transform into cancer. This may be particularly relevant for women with endometriosis, which is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects endometrial tissues. Although THC wasn’t shown to inhibit the growth of EC cells in the University of Porto study, both CBD and THC are potent anti-inflammatory agents that can help reduce inflammation.\n\nLowering circulating estrogen levels may also reduce risk of EC. Early studies in rats have found that acute administration of THC or AEA resulted in lower circulating estrogen levels. So, daily consumption of tinctures containing CBD and THC may help lower EC risk by reducing inflammation and circulating estrogen levels.\n\n### Other Ways Women Can Guard Against Endometrial Cancer\n\nKeep a healthy weight. Consuming an anti-inflammatory, anti-estrogenic diet can further protect against EC. Foods to avoid include:\n\n* Sugar\n* Red meat\n* Alcohol\n* Highly estrogenic foods such as soy and flaxseed\n\nFoods to eat more of include:\n\n* Green and other colored vegetables\n* Cruciferous vegetables\n* Foods containing anti-inflammatory and anti-estrogenic flavonoids such as green tea, apples and onions\n\nWomen may also want to add a specific type of seaweed to their daily diets. In animal, human and cell studies, which I conducted, an edible brown seaweed from the Maine coast called Fucus vesiculosus (aka bladderwrack) was found to have anti-estrogenic action and tumor-killing properties that can fight against endometrial, breast and ovarian cancer cells. It was also found that bladderwrack can effectively reduce pain and heavy menstrual bleeding in women with endometriosis. \n\nBesides regulating circadian rhythms and reproduction, melatonin has shown promising results as an anti-inflammatory, anti-estrogen and anti-cancer agent. Studies have also shown that it reduces inflammation and may help slow the spread of endometriosis. Because of its popularity as a sleep aid, a number of melatonin supplements are now currently on the market. \n\nIncorporating cannabis along with other dietary and lifestyle measures may help reduce a woman’s risk of EC, as well as provide other healthful benefits. That said, women experiencing any abnormal uterine bleeding or changes to their menstrual cycles should immediately consult with a physician.\n\nPhoto credit: [Ant rozetsky](https://unsplash.com/search/photos/ant-rozetsky)\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56201c206430320006bb0000/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/14b42/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/f836f/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg 200w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/2244e/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg 400w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/14b42/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg 800w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/47498/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg 1200w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/0e329/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg 1600w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/b56c7/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.jpg 3640w","srcWebp":"/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/58556/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/61e93/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp 200w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/1f5c5/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp 400w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/58556/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp 800w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/99238/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp 1200w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/7c22d/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp 1600w,\n/static/b686a007604f77b0e88189a5e82e2fcb/fe53a/597ce06999ab95f7da1d6d9be8251edc.webp 3640w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2640-markdown","title":"HelloMD’s Dr. Perry Solomon Goes Deep on Cannabis for Almost 30","slug":"hellomds-dr-perry-solomon-goes-deep-on-cannabis-for-almost-30","content":"HelloMD’s Chief Medical Officer [Dr. Perry Solomon](https://www.hellomd.com/people/54cc02df6465320003000000/Perry%20Solomon,%20MD) was recently featured on “[Almost 30](https://www.almost30podcast.com/),” an iTunes top 10 health podcast. Hosted by Krista Williams and Lindsey Simcik, the podcast’s mission is to “propel personal growth and navigate any transition.” Naturally, gaining a better understanding of cannabis’s healing properties—and how the plant fits into a person’s health and wellness goals—jibes with that mission.\n\nIn episodes 104 and 105 of “Almost 30,” Dr. Solomon touches on a lot of different cannabis-related topics including why people were tricked into believing that cannabis is harmful to their health; cannabis as a health and wellness supplement as well as a remedy for pain; and how cannabidiol (CBD) oil is used in suppository form to help relieve menstrual cramps.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\nCheck out a few excerpts taken from parts 1 and 2 of the “Almost 30” podcast featuring Dr. Solomon. You can also listen to [episode 104](https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/almost-30-podcast/e/53772306) and [episode 105](https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/almost-30-podcast/e/53805695) in their entirety online.\n\n### Almost 30: Can you talk to us about the science behind how [cannabis] works, and how it subdues pain, and it's relaxing people, helping people sleep, reducing anxiety. I don't know the science behind it. I just know it works.\n\n** Dr Perry Solomon:** Basically … the endocannabinoid system is a system of homeostasis in our bodies that keeps everything in check. It's something that was discovered around the 1970s, early 1970s by Raphael Mechoulam in Israel. And it's something that genetically has been there for thousands and thousands of years [in terms of having a check and balance system in the body].\n\nIn other words, what happens is you have synapses in your body, and chemicals become released from one side, or from one synapse to the other, … to transfer information and sensations, and what happens is there’s a retrograde feedback mechanism. Picture two ends of a wire, and from one end the electricity or the information goes to the other end, and if something gets overstimulated because it's out of balance, the endocannabinoid system is the system that takes the second signal, goes back to the first signal and says, ‘OK, slow down that rate of firing for pain or sensation or anxiety.’\n\nAnd usually when the body's in homeostasis, the endocannabinoid system (“endo” meaning it's from your body), or the feedback mechanism, is [in a state where] everything stays nice and cool. Everything's calm, cool, collected. The pain isn't there and everything's fine.\n\nRELATED: [MARIJUANA, CANNABINOIDS & HOMEOSTASIS](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56b27573fe98a100080001f1/marijuana-cannabinoids-and-homeostasis-a-balancing-act)\n\nBut when things start firing abnormally, the endocannabinoid system gets kind of out of whack. And if you have a decrease in some of the endocannabinoids such as anandamide and 2AG—these are natural chemicals that are found in your body that act as that retrograde feedback blocker to slow things down or speed things up—if those are lacking or not in balance, things happen that you don't want to have to happen, whether it be an immunologic problem, whether it be from pain or anything else.\n\nPhytocannabinoids, the things that are in cannabis (“phyto” meaning plant), … match up to the two types of cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, that are found in the body. These are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD. Each of these phytocannabinoids takes the place of the endocannabinoids that may be deficient, and so the chemicals that you use from the plant eventually take over for the ones that are supposed to be in good balance in your body (but aren’t or are lacking).\n\nCBD, for example, is more of an anti-inflammatory compound that helps with the CB2 receptors, which are concentrated in the inflammatory tissues in the body. And THC concentrates on the CB1 receptor that's mostly found in the brain, which is why you get those psychoactive effects from THC, and you don't get it from CBD—because there aren’t many CBD receptors, or CB2 receptors, in the brain. \n\n![Perry Solomon on \"Almost 30\"](https://hellomd-development.s3.amazonaws.com/articles-5ac807aaf24d1300077ccbc1-795dbfd4-1095-4db4-8655-4fb7b7b45186/original.jpg)\n\n### A30: So, THC is the psychoactive compound?\n\n**PS:** Correct. And it’s psychoactive because of the fact that the CB1 receptor is primarily in the brain. It's thought that the runner's high and the other things that occur are because anandamide goes up into the brain, causing that rush of feeling. … People call this the endorphin rush, and it's probably not that. It's probably the anandamide that’s getting into the brain, because endorphins don't cross the blood-brain barrier to get into the head. So, the rush that they're feeling is probably from the endocannabinoid system in the brain more than anything else. \n\nRELATED: [WHY DOES CANNABIS MAKE YOU FEEL GOOD?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/582b86cce686fc000c657034/why-does-cannabis-make-you-feel-good)\n\n### A30: What are some of the symptoms that people are saying that CBD helps them with?\n\n**PS:** Well, for example, menstrual cramps in women. There are some suppositories that are coming out that are just CBD as an anti-inflammatory that appear to be working without any THC in it. … Again, it's an individualized type of thing. People use it also for migraines. This is another way that people are using CBD only to be able to treat that.\n\nAgain, the entourage effect seems to show that the cannabis may work a little bit better with both CBD and THC, but there are people who get a fantastic response with just a CBD-only product … for their migraines. Sports recovery is another one where people just use a CBD-only ointment or salve on their skin to help muscles relax a little bit. And also, again, because muscle injuries are an inflammatory type of byproduct of exercise. \n\n### A30: I love using the CBD creams and things. So, what is it actually doing? So, it's being absorbed into the skin and into the bloodstream? And it's connecting the CB1 receptor to the CBD? \n\n**PS:** For CBD, it would be the CB2 receptor. That's what’s theorized as what it does. With the skin, there are people in the medical community and the cannabis community who feel that it doesn't get absorbed at all. Some people think that it does. Again, it may get absorbed better with a plastic covering on it, like a patch. What happens with the cream is that some of it can get evaporated up in the air. Some people put it on, and it comes with a plastic cover on it that essentially eliminates any type of evaporative loss, and it all gets put into the skin.\n\nSome people also use the THC/CBD ointment, and they ask us, ‘Well, can I test THC-positive if my work is screening for THC?’ And that's a questionable thing. It may be that enough can get absorbed to test positive for THC in your urine if your job of tests for that. So, people say, ‘Well, what should I use if they do test me, and I don't want to take any chances?’ And we say, ‘Well then a CBD-only [product],’ because that's not something that’s psychoactive or that people are testing for. \n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56201c206430320006bb0000/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-trying-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDABALDA4MChAODQ4SERATGCgaGBYWGDEjJR0oOjM9PDkzODdASFxOQERXRTc4UG1RV19iZ2hnPk1xeXBkeFxlZ2P/2wBDARESEhgVGC8aGi9jQjhCY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2P/wgARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAFwABAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwABAv/EABcBAAMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAgP/2gAMAwEAAhADEAAAAR5F5zW2F//EABwQAAEDBQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIAEjEBAxATIf/aAAgBAQABBQKncDFsdhNahj//xAAVEQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABEP/aAAgBAwEBPwFJ/8QAFREBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEBH/2gAIAQIBAT8Bh//EABgQAAIDAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABARASEx/9oACAEBAAY/ApvCmj//xAAaEAEAAgMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABABEhMUFR/9oACAEBAAE/IeolLD2XtIR1mdVdai6Xk2MUf//aAAwDAQACAAMAAAAQfD//xAAWEQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARARD/2gAIAQMBAT8QKOf/xAAWEQADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABEBH/2gAIAQIBAT8QML//xAAdEAEAAgICAwAAAAAAAAAAAAABABEhMUFRYXGx/9oACAEBAAE/EAC8AjeUTdh8LxAj8S7AXYT1Kmhiji+xIWxtn//Z","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/14b42/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg","srcSet":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/f836f/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/2244e/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 400w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/14b42/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 800w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/47498/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 1200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/0e329/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 1600w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/e85c0/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 3100w","srcWebp":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/58556/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/61e93/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/1f5c5/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 400w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/58556/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 800w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/99238/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 1200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/7c22d/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 1600w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/48e8b/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 3100w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2585-markdown","title":"The 10 Cannabinoids in Cannabis You Should Know","slug":"the-10-cannabinoids-in-cannabis-you-should-know","content":"The cannabis plant has been a part of human life for centuries, from holy anointing oil mentioned in the Bible to depression treatments in 17th century England. But we still know very little about the plant. Despite marijuana’s recent resurgence as a medicine, the scientific research on its intricacies and therapeutic potential is still in its infancy—and hampered here in the U.S. because of its federal prohibition.\r\n\r\nThe more we learn about cannabis, the more apparent the plant’s complexities and effects on our bodies. One thing we do know for sure is that cannabis contains dozens of chemical compounds called cannabinoids, all tasked with special jobs. The exact number of cannabinoids is yet to be confirmed, but common consensus among researchers is that there are at least 100. These cannabinoids interact with and activate cannabinoid receptors throughout the body, resulting in different effects. \r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\nYou probably know two cannabinoids already: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and  cannabidiol (CBD). These are easily the most well-known and recognizable cannabinoids to date. But there are dozens of others that show promise for treating all sorts of medical conditions. \r\n\r\n### 10 Cannabinoids You Should Know\r\n\r\n#### #1: CBC (Cannabichromene)\r\n\r\nThis cannabinoid shares a chemical structure very similar to THC, CBD and cannabinol (CBN). CBC is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid that interacts with cannabinoid receptors in the brain and could very well contribute greatly to the analgesic effects of cannabis overall. Not only does it help relieve pain and inflammation, one study suggests [CBC, when used in conjunction with CBD, can also act as an antidepressant](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866040/).  \r\n\r\nCBC: \r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive\r\n* Can be an effective pain reliever because it binds with TRPV1 and TRPA1 receptors, both linked to pain perception\r\n* Encourages the release of natural endocannabinoids like anandamide, also known as the bliss molecule, for its euphoric effects\r\n* Is effective in treating inflammation and skin conditions\r\n\r\nRELATED: [CANNABINOIDS: CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS WITH HUGE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55da2ff26430380006690000/cannabinoids-chemical-compounds-with-huge-therapeutic-potential) \r\n\r\n#### #2: THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinol Acid)\r\n\r\nTHCA is a precursor to the more popular THC. When cannabis flowers are still growing on the plant stalk, THCA is pretty abundant (10–20%). But as the cannabis is cut and cured, and when heat is applied for consumption, the THCA turns into THC. Cannabis concentrates like resin or hash oil made from high-THC plants typically have a higher rate of THCA as well. While research on THCA is still slim, the little we do have shows a great deal of therapeutic potential. \r\n\r\nTHCA:\r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive\r\n* Can help treat [nausea and stimulate appetite](http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13806.x/abstract)\r\n* Shows potential as a [neuroprotectant against neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22571976)\r\n* Is great for treating [inflammation from arthritis and lupus](https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/34/5/34_5_774/_article)\r\n\r\n#### #3: CBN (Cannabinol) \r\n\r\nIf there’s one cannabinoid on this list that’s most misunderstood, it’s CBN. Just like THCA turns into THC, THC turns into CBN when exposed to oxygen or UV light. Improper storage or packaging without UV protection can lead to a higher amount of CBN. This cannabinoid often gets a bad reputation because higher CBN levels means less THC and less of a high. Plus, CBN can often make people feel sleepy. But don’t make any hasty judgments—CBN is one of the most promising cannabinoids out there. \r\n\r\nCBN: \r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive\r\n* Can help with sleep issues like narcolepsy, insomnia, sleep apnea and more \r\n* May [ease the overgrowth of skin cells](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18681481), which can reduce psoriasis flare-ups and help with MRSA when applied as a topical\r\n* Contains strong anti-inflammatory properties, aiding in pain relief\r\n* Interacts with [TRPV2 receptors, which are high-threshold heat sensors](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165957/), making it a potential treatment for burn victims\r\n\r\n#### #4: THCV (Tetrahydrocannabivarin)\r\n\r\nTHCV is very similar in structure to THC, and it comes with its own psychoactive effects as well. Where THCV differs most drastically from its more famous relative is that THCV is an appetite suppressant—so don’t expect the munchies if you consume cannabis rich in THCV. To find cannabis with higher THCV levels, look for [landrace strains](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a8a2e88f24d1300077ccb51/are-indica-and-sativa-a-thing-of-the-past) from Africa like Durban Poison and ask your budtender for lab test results. If you vaporize your cannabis, be sure to turn up the heat settings because THCV has a higher boiling point at 428 degrees F than most cannabinoids do. Just be aware that this higher temperature could make your vaping experience feel more like smoking and make your psychoactive effects feel more powerful.\r\n\r\nTHCV:\r\n\r\n * Is psychoactive \r\n * Can help fight weight gain due to its appetite suppressant qualities\r\n * Has the ability to regulate blood sugar and promote glycemic control in type 2 diabetics, [according to a 2016 study](http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/39/10/1777)\r\n * When used in conjunction with other cannabinoids, can [fight against seizures, tremors and other motor control issues](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28087250)\r\n * Is known for its euphoric highs and fast onset \r\n\r\n#### #5: CBG (Cannabigerol)\r\n\r\nThis non-acidic parent of THC and CBD is only found at very small levels (1%), and it doesn’t cause psychoactive effects. Since CBG comes in such low levels, it has long been considered a minor cannabinoid. But it shows promise as a medicine due to its relationship with some very specific systems in our body. \r\n\r\nCBG:\r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive \r\n* Shows potential for [treating  pain](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165946/) \r\n* Can help [ease inflammatory bowel disease](https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006295213000543)\r\n* Reduces intraocular pressure, great news for those suffering from glaucoma\r\n* Can act as an [antimicrobial, making it a potential treatment for MRSA](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4887452/)  \r\n* Has been shown to have [neuroprotective qualities in mice](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13311-014-0304-z) and could be a potential treatment for those with neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington’s disease and multiple sclerosis\r\n\r\n#### #6 CBDA (Cannabidiolic Acid) \r\n\r\nCBDA is the raw, acidic form of the popular cannabinoid CBD. CBDA can be found in raw hemp plants. But when heat is introduced, CBDA changes into CBD through a process called decarboxylation. For a long time, CBDA was considered an inactive cannabinoid, only of consequence when it turns into CBD. But that perception is changing as more research is completed. Much like its better-known relative, CBDA is effective in fighting inflammation and body pain, and as a mood stabilizer. \r\n\r\nCBDA:\r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive\r\n* Can be found in raw high-CBD cannabis plants\r\n* Contains [anti-inflammatory properties](http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/36/9/1917.long#sec-4) \r\n* Is an effective [anti-nausea treatment in mice](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3596650/) \r\n* Acts as a [neuroprotectant](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10863546)\r\n* Has shown to [inhibit MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell migration](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009504/) in cell cultures examined outside of the body\r\n\r\n#### #7 CBDV (Cannabivarin) \r\n\r\nThis is yet another cannabinoid that doesn’t get the credit it’s due. CBDV is the pre-cursor to THCV, but that isn’t CBDV’s only important quality. So far, research on CBDV has shown potential as a treatment in two main areas: epilepsy and bone growth. \r\n\r\nCBDV:\r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive\r\n* [Reduces seizure activity in brain slices examined ex vivo](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25029033) and [in mice and rats](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22970845)\r\n* [Fights signs of nausea in rodents](http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12322/full) \r\n* Is found at higher levels in wild-grown cannabis \r\n\r\n#### #8 CBGA (Cannabigerolic Acid)\r\n\r\nCBGA is the mother of all cannabinoids, giving life to THC, CBD, CBC, CBG and more through different forms of biosynthesis. Because it’s considered a precursor to cannabinoids, it gets significantly less scientific attention than the cannabinoids it produces. But we’re starting to learn that CBGA has similar analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties to its cannabinoid offspring. \r\n\r\nCBGA:\r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive \r\n* Can work as an [analgesic to help relieve pain](https://www.steephill.com/img/uploads/testings/LeadingTheScience.pdf), much like THC and CBD can\r\n* Helps [fight inflammation](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968089615000838) like THC and CBD do\r\n\r\n#### #9 CBCA (Cannabichromenate) \r\n\r\nCBCA is a raw cannabinoid, found in the highest quantities before the plant is cut and processed. As it’s heated or aged, CBCA goes on to produce CBC and other cannabinoids that are relatively unknown and unstudied, such as CBL and CBLA. Like so many other parent cannabinoids, CBCA was thought to be an inactive chemical compound for quite some time, but that’s beginning to change.\r\n\r\nCBCA: \r\n\r\n* Is non-psychoactive\r\n* May be [responsible for antimicrobial properties](http://www.davoil.ro/documente/the-composition-of-seed-oil-and-its-potential-as-an-important-source-nutrition.pdf) found in some cannabis strains, but the reasons for this are still being studied\r\n* May be useful as a [non-psychoactive alternative to THC for treating  nausea](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3596650/)\r\n* Could help treat cancer. According to a [U.S. government-funded study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22963825): “The data presented in this report suggest for the first time that [a] component in the cannabis plant, CBDA, offers potential therapeutic modality in the reversal of cancer cell migration, including aggressive breast cancers.”\r\n\r\n#### #10 Delta-8 THC\r\n\r\nWhen we think about THC, most people think about delta-9 THC because that’s the kind of THC that makes you feel high. But, there’s a whole other kind of THC you may be totally unaware of: Delta-8 THC. While still psychoactive, its psychoactive effects are not as potent as its more well-known counterpart, but its medical benefits could be just as impressive. \r\n\r\nDelta-8 THC:\r\n\r\n* Is psychoactive\r\n* Has shown the ability to [inhibit tumor growth in mice](https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/cannabis-pdq#section/_1)  \r\n* Completely [prevented vomiting in eight child cancer patients](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7776837) in Israel \r\n* [Stimulates appetite](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15099912) in mice\r\n* Is the subject of two U.S. government-awarded patents, on [how to produce it](https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US20040143126.pdf) and the other regarding its [anti-emetic uses](http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-adv.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PG01&s1=20070099988.PN.&OS=PN/20070099988&RS=PN/20070099988) \r\n\r\nYou learn something new every day. Next time you purchase cannabis, ask for lab test results and see if any of these cannabinoids are on the list. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Shane Rounce](https://unsplash.com/@shanerounce) \r\n\r\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3888888888888888,"src":"/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/14b42/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg","srcSet":"/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/f836f/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg 200w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/2244e/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg 400w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/14b42/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg 800w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/47498/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg 1200w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/0e329/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg 1600w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/5453a/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.jpg 3441w","srcWebp":"/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/58556/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/61e93/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp 200w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/1f5c5/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp 400w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/58556/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp 800w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/99238/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp 1200w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/7c22d/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp 1600w,\n/static/15f82be5692a83328c752fb00f17d49f/7ddf3/e81c113fc2f79740ac45caf5363b9a19.webp 3441w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2608-markdown","title":"Beyond THC & CBD: What You Need to Know About CBC, CBN & CBG","slug":"beyond-thc-and-cbd-what-you-need-to-know-about-cbc-cbn-and-cbg","content":"In the last couple of articles in our series for cannabis newcomers, we took a closer look at cannabis’s most common cannabinoids, including [tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a8dab1cf24d1300077ccb58/the-pros-and-cons-of-psychoactive-thc) and [cannabidiol (CBD)](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a8dafa0f24d1300077ccb59/whats-so-great-about-cannabidiol-or-cbd). In this article, we go over a few lesser-known cannabinoids that deliver powerful medicinal benefits: cannabinol (CBN), cannabigerol (CBG) and cannabichromene (CBC). These non-psychoactive compounds can be highly effective in treating a number of symptoms. For some, they’re the ideal medicine to help ease or improve their condition.\r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### Why Do Medical Marijuana Patients Use Cannabinol (CBN)?\r\n\r\n[CBN is best known as the cannabinoid that’s created when THC ages](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56b95ac10e9909000800012b/the-cbn-cannabinoid-affects-your-health). While some see it as a bad thing when THC turns into CBN—since it means that your cannabis has aged and no longer has the same effects it once did, others actually prefer aged cannabis for this very reason. CBN has a wide range of effects that patients can take advantage of, if they know what they’re looking for. \r\n\r\nOne major reason [why folks use CBN is because it can help them sleep](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a00c7e5462abf14dd36415f/having-trouble-sleeping-try-non-psychoactive-cbn). CBN has been shown to be extremely sedative; it’s perhaps the most sedative cannabinoid, and many use it to ease insomnia. If you’re trying to get a good night’s sleep, it might be just the thing to try. \r\n\r\n[CBN can also help with appetite stimulation](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22543671) so it may be helpful for patients who suffer from anorexia, cancer or other conditions that negatively impact appetite.  \r\n\r\n[Research also suggests that CBN is a powerful antibiotic](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/58dad93ab0a1146891b875b1/is-marijuana-the-next-antibiotic). Along with CBG and CBC, CBN has been shown to effectively treat antibiotic-resistant infections like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). \r\n\r\nThose with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig’s disease, may also find CBN helpful in slowing the disease’s progression. In one study, [researchers were able to delay the onset of ALS symptoms in mice by treating them with CBN](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/57c4f71703c697000bb34a44/cannabis-provides-hope-for-als-patients).\r\n\r\n[CBN may help patients with glaucoma](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3202504/). According to the research, the cannabinoid is effective at lowering ocular pressure, which can cause blindness for glaucoma patients.\r\n\r\nRELATED: [CANNABINOIDS: CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS WITH HUGE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55da2ff26430380006690000/cannabinoids-chemical-compounds-with-huge-therapeutic-potential)\r\n\r\n### Why Do Medical Marijuana Patients Use Cannabigerol (CBG)?\r\n\r\nCBG is another cannabinoid that brings with it a medley of beneficial effects. Like CBN, [CBG has been shown to have antibiotic properties](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/58dad93ab0a1146891b875b1/is-marijuana-the-next-antibiotic).\r\n\r\nIn addition, [CBG is being touted as a powerful pain reliever](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228897917_Cannabis_and_cannabis_extracts_Greater_than_the_sum_of_their_parts). In fact, some research suggests that CBG is even more effective at managing pain than either THC or CBD is. \r\n\r\nCBG is also said to help with the side effects of menopause. This may be, in part, because of its pain-relieving properties. That said, [CBG also helps prevent the onset of osteoporosis and bone loss after menopause](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5817c7fad07155000b1f2f9f/marijuana-relieves-symptoms-of-menopause).\r\n\r\n[CBG has been shown to have anti-tumor properties](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3570006/), and may be especially [helpful for individuals who have skin cancer](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/574b5d95982db9000800005e/could-cannabis-help-alleviate-skin-cancer). When it comes to other skin conditions, [CBG can also help alleviate psoriasis](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228897917_Cannabis_and_cannabis_extracts_Greater_than_the_sum_of_their_parts) by preventing the reddening of the skin. \r\n\r\nSome patients may also use the compound to regulate their emotions. [Research has shown CBG can act as a moderate antidepressant](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/168349), raising serotonin levels in the brain.\r\n\r\n### Why Do Medical Marijuana Patients Use Cannabichromene (CBC)? \r\n\r\nMany of the reasons people use CBC are similar to the reasons why folks use CBG and CBN. Like CBG and CBN, CBC is also an antibiotic that’s been shown to help combat bacterial infections. Like CBG, [CBC appears to help reduce pain](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55a5559d6237660006250000/marijuana-nips-pain-in-the-bud), [ease the symptoms of menopause](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5817c7fad07155000b1f2f9f/marijuana-relieves-symptoms-of-menopause) and [act as an antidepressant](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305710000730).\r\n\r\nSome patients who use CBC do so for its neuroprotectant properties. Not only does [CBC protect the brain](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56ce341bc475c20008000085/does-marijuana-kill-brain-cells), it actually encourages your brain to grow new brain cells in the specific areas responsible for memory and learning. When your brain stops developing new cells in these areas, the risk for neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease increases. CBC can be a great aid in preventing or delaying the onset of these conditions.   \r\n\r\nCBC is also a cannabinoid that’s known as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. While it can fight inflammation on its own, research shows that [CBC is most effective at reducing inflammation when used synergistically with THC](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20619971).\r\n\r\n### Using These Less Popular Cannabinoids\r\n\r\nBecause CBC, CBG and CBN are less well known than THC and CBD are, they’re also more difficult to find as isolated cannabinoids. There are only a few products on the market that actually isolate these chemicals. That said, if you can’t find cannabis products that are made up entirely of CBG, CBN or CBC, you may try products whose test results show higher levels of these compounds.\r\n\r\nAs it is, [cannabis usually works best with a combination of compounds](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56d0f3acbbf86b000b0000ae/what-is-the-entourage-effect), rather than one cannabinoid in isolation. Now that you’re familiar with the effects of these cannabinoids, you can start making more educated decisions about which products may be best for you. \r\n \r\nIn the next installment of our Cannabis for Newbies guide, we’ll move onto another important category of cannabis chemicals: terpenes. These aromatic compounds are responsible for the taste and smell of cannabis, but also for many of its medicinal effects.\r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Jurassic Blueberries](https://www.flickr.com/photos/jurassicblueberries/)\r\n\r\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's 100% online, private and easy.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDABALDA4MChAODQ4SERATGCgaGBYWGDEjJR0oOjM9PDkzODdASFxOQERXRTc4UG1RV19iZ2hnPk1xeXBkeFxlZ2P/2wBDARESEhgVGC8aGi9jQjhCY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2P/wgARCAAPABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAFwAAAwEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEDBP/EABUBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEE/9oADAMBAAIQAxAAAAGqUppNRnA//8QAGhAAAgIDAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARECMQAQEv/aAAgBAQABBQKhE6sRa6Wf/8QAFBEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEP/aAAgBAwEBPwE//8QAFREBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABH/2gAIAQIBAT8BR//EABcQAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAxECH/2gAIAQEABj8CRN7X/8QAGxABAAICAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAxESFBYYH/2gAIAQEAAT8hATeoFHuOFgsqJdjiBGCx/9oADAMBAAIAAwAAABCUH//EABYRAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABEf/aAAgBAwEBPxCVr//EABcRAAMBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABESH/2gAIAQIBAT8QSwo//8QAGhABAQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAREAITGRof/aAAgBAQABPxAsGg+5TSFVv8NW6ZzscA0Uw9uSxthXg4IJHZO7/9k=","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/14b42/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg","srcSet":"/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/f836f/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg 200w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/2244e/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg 400w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/14b42/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg 800w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/47498/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg 1200w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/0e329/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg 1600w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/a41d1/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.jpg 2000w","srcWebp":"/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/58556/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/61e93/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp 200w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/1f5c5/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp 400w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/58556/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp 800w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/99238/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp 1200w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/7c22d/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp 1600w,\n/static/68624d3603b140b18c6f7eb844db8120/37117/298581c62a6a60fe59c1a2570ba3615b.webp 2000w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2548-markdown","title":"How to Make the Most of Non-Psychoactive THCA","slug":"how-to-make-the-most-of-non-psychoactive-thca","content":"So far, in our series for folks new to cannabis, we’ve covered the cannabinoids [tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/the-pros-and-cons-of-psychoactive-thc), [cannabidiol (CBD)](https://hellomd.com/articles/what-s-so-great-about-cannabidiol-or-cbd) and [tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)](https://hellomd.com/articles/psychoactive-thcv-the-cannabinoid-that-kills-your-appetite). Next up in the queue is tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Found in living or fresh cannabis plants, this particular cannabinoid is the precursor to THC. When THCA is heated or ages, it changes into THC. While some folks think of THCA as a compound that’s best used by being converted into THC, others are beginning to see the value this chemical has on its own.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### Why Do Patients Use THCA? \n\nOne of the biggest reasons people like to use THCA is because its non-psychoactive. While THCA can be converted into THC, it doesn’t share any of THC’s psychoactive properties. For patients who want to avoid these effects, but still reap many of cannabis’s benefits, THCA is a great option.\n\nSimilar to THC, research shows [THCA can help improve a variety of conditions and symptoms](https://hellomd.com/articles/the-medicinal-benefits-of-thca). THCA is a powerful anti-inflammatory, making it helpful for many conditions such as arthritis, Parkinson’s disease and Crohn's disease. Research also suggests that THCA acts as a neuroprotectant as well as an anti-proliferate for cancer. It also has anti-emetic properties, which may help patients suffering from intense nausea. \n\nPatients also report that THCA helps ease insomnia, pain and even muscle spasms. With so many conditions the cannabinoid has the potential to help heal, it’s no surprise that THCA’s popularity is growing by leaps and bounds. \n\nSome patients also like THCA because it can offer effects that are both energizing and calming—without the psychoactivity. This combination makes it a great choice for work or other daytime activities where you need to stay sharp. Of course, you’ll want to give THCA a try at home first before you use the cannabinoid at a time when you need to be on top of your game. Experiences vary, and some people say they find THCA to be sedative in nature and better used at night. \n\nRELATED: [THE TOP 5 HEALTH TRENDS IN CANNABIS](https://hellomd.com/articles/the-top-5-health-trends-in-cannabis)\n\n### How Do Patients Use THCA?\n\nThere are a few different ways you can consume THCA, but smoking isn’t one of them. Smoking THCA would really just leave you inhaling THC, because THCA converts into THC when heated.\n\nSome folks vape THCA in the form of an extract that looks like a white crystalline powder. That said, it’s hard to say exactly what (if any) temperature would allow a patient to vape only THCA. In most cases, vaporizers are set at high enough temperatures so that they’ll cause the THCA to begin converting into THC. Those who vape may think they’re about to get a dose of non-psychoactive THCA, only to find they’re inhaling mostly THC, the most psychoactive part of the cannabis plant.  \n\nMeanwhile, there are a variety of edible products designed specifically around keeping THCA in its raw form. Raw cannabis tinctures, for example, often have high levels of THCA. These tinctures are easy to dose and don’t need to be heated, so they’re a great option for individuals who want to be sure they’re avoiding psychoactive effects whenever they consume THCA. \n\n[Another popular way of using THCA is to juice the raw leaves of the cannabis plant or blend them into a smoothie](https://hellomd.com/articles/diy-recipe-consuming-thca-naturally). This method allows patients to get all of the THCA that’s present in the leaves before they dry out. Juicing can be a challenging way to take medicine regularly, because it requires a constant supply of fresh cannabis fan leaves and involves quite a bit of prep each time you juice. You can simplify the process by making a large batch every so often and freezing the juice in ice cubes to use at a later time. \n \n### What Are the Drawbacks of THCA? \n\nWhat some may find as a positive aspect of THCA, others may find to be negative—that’s because everyone’s biochemistry is unique, making each individual react a bit (or very) differently to cannabis. For some, THCA’s effects are too sedative, while for others, it’s too energizing. For a number of folks, THCA’s non-psychoactive effects are considered to be a shortcoming—those who rely on the psychoactive aspect of THC for medicinal reasons find THCA to be much less effective. \n\nCertain methods of consumption can also carry drawbacks. For example, while cannabis juicing has a lot of fans, some may find the cannabis plant a bit harsh to drink. This is because the plant produces substances in its leaves to ward off pests that can feel a bit scratchy to the mouth and throat, and may even trigger allergies in some. \n\nVaping or cooking with THCA has a downside as well, because it’s hard to know how much of the product has been converted into THC. You may take a dose on one occasion and have a great experience, but then the next time find yourself inhaling a very different dose, one much higher in THC with all of the side effects that come with it—and this because you heated it just a tiny bit too long. \n\nFor these reasons, using ready-made products with THCA is likely the easiest and least risky method of taking this cannabinoid. With a variety of THCA tinctures, transdermal patches, edibles and drinks on the market, it should be easy to find something that suits your needs.  \n\nIn the next installment of our Cannabis for Newbies guide, we’ll review the pros and cons of some of the lesser-known cannabinoids: cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN) and cannabigerol (CBG).\n\nPhoto credit: [Manuel](https://www.flickr.com/photos/martius/)\n\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/14b42/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg","srcSet":"/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/f836f/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg 200w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/2244e/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg 400w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/14b42/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg 800w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/47498/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg 1200w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/0e329/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg 1600w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/74fab/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.jpg 1861w","srcWebp":"/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/58556/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/61e93/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp 200w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/1f5c5/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp 400w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/58556/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp 800w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/99238/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp 1200w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/7c22d/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp 1600w,\n/static/d6a5f2e0c381195e63ebc13a31fa0093/c0d3e/4f201ba4770c99f160ad931ed132fd7e.webp 1861w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2573-markdown","title":"Psychoactive THCV: The Cannabinoid That Kills Your Appetite","slug":"psychoactive-thcv-the-cannabinoid-that-kills-your-appetite","content":"In the last couple of articles in our series for cannabis newcomers, we went over marijuana’s most well-known chemical compounds: THC and CBD. In this article, we go over a less commonly known cannabinoid: tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV). This [somewhat rare compound has been called “the sports car of cannabinoids” for its various sought-after properties](https://www.steephill.com/blogs/38)—including that of an appetite suppressant, anticonvulsant and neuroprotectant. Many have found this unique cannabinoid to be incredibly helpful, and you may as well.\r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### Why Do Patients Use THCV?\r\n\r\nPatients use THCV for a variety of reasons, but [one of THCV’s most remarkable properties is its ability to suppress appetite](http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/9383640/Cannabis-could-be-used-to-treat-obesity-related-diseases.html). Unlike tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is well known for its munchie-inducing effects, THCV has the opposite effect—when consuming THCV, patients are left without much appetite at all. This has made THCV a popular choice among patients looking to lose weight or avoid gaining weight from binge eating after they medicate with marijuana. \r\n\r\nAs well, [researchers say THCV may be especially helpful in treating type 2 diabetes](http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/39/10/1777), In this study, THCV was shown to significantly decrease fasting plasma glucose and improve pancreatic β-cell function, adiponectin and apolipoprotein A. This has led the scientists involved in this study to believe that THCV could represent a new therapeutic agent in glycemic control. \r\n\r\nTHCV is also known to be an anticonvulsant, which could be helpful for patients with epilepsy. As a neuroprotectant, THCV also appears to protect the brain and could thereby potentially prevent or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Preliminary research also points to THCV supporting bone growth. \r\n\r\nThat said, the reason why some patients consume THCV is simply due to its highly energetic and euphoric effects, which unlike THC also promote relaxation. Patients with anxiety, depression or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often find the cannabinoid to be a helpful day-time medicine, as it uplifts and energizes _sans_ the paranoia-inducing effects of THC. \r\n\r\nRELATED: [WHOLE PLANT MEDICINE & THE ENTOURAGE EFFECT](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/57327ea69220cc0008000164/whole-plant-medicine-and-the-entourage-effect)\r\n\r\n### Combining THCV With THC for a Less Intense, More Clear-Headed High\r\n\r\nIt’s rare to find THCV in its pure form. Most cannabis strains that contain this particular cannabinoid also have a fair bit of THC. That said, researchers have found that many of THCV’s benefits still come through even when combined with THC. In fact, THCV can actually dampen or alter THC’s high, eliminating many of its negative side effects.\r\n\r\nIn one study, scientists gave subjects doses of both THC and THCV together. [While those using THC alone had negative side effects like increased psychotic symptoms, paranoia, delayed verbal recall, elevated heart rate or impaired short-term memory, those using both THC and THCV had no such effects](http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269881115615104?journalCode=jopa).\r\n\r\nLike cannabidiol (CBD), THCV appears to have the ability to decrease the negative effects of THC, all while maintaining many of its powerful medicinal effects. Unlike CBD, however, those using THCV with THC still experience a powerful psychoactive high. Folks, however, describe a more clear-headed, less intense high when ingesting THCV and THC together. \r\n\r\nRELATED: [WHAT’S SO GREAT ABOUT CANNABIDOL, OR CBD?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a8dafa0f24d1300077ccb59/what-s-so-great-about-cannabidiol-or-cbd)\r\n\r\n### Negative Side Effects of THCV \r\n\r\nWhile THCV has many benefits, there are still those who may experience negative side effects when consuming it. Of course, what one may perceive as a negative effect may very well seem a positive for another person. The most notable effect of THCV is its psychoactive high, which—like THC—may leave some patients feeling less functional than they’d like. For those looking to avoid any kind of high, THCV is probably not the right choice. These patients should avoid THCV and look to CBD or tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) instead—both of which have little to no psychoactivity. \r\n\r\nIt’s also possible that a patient may not want or need to suppress their appetite. Cannabis is often used for patients dealing with conditions—such as cancer, anorexia or digestive problems—that cause a loss of appetite. For these patients, the appetite-inducing effects of THC might be the main reason they consume cannabis, so THCV would only make their condition worse. \r\n\r\nThose using marijuana for sleep and sedation may also find THCV’s effects to be too energetic and stimulating. While THC can be moderated by terpenes such as myrcene to create a more sedative effect, THCV isn’t affected by this terpene in the same way. As it may be difficult to sleep or come down to a more drowsy state after using THCV, it’s usually best used as a daytime medicine.  \r\n\r\nIn the next installment of our Cannabis for Newbies series, we’ll look at THCA, the non-psychoactive precursor to THC. While many believed this cannabinoid exhibited no medicinal benefits until it was transformed into THC (when heated), we’re now beginning to learn about the incredible benefits of THCA. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Melanie Tata](https://www.flickr.com/photos/melloveschallah/)\r\n\r\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/f422e/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.jpg","srcSet":"/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/f836f/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.jpg 200w,\n/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/2244e/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.jpg 400w,\n/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/f422e/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.jpg 640w","srcWebp":"/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/991d2/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/61e93/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.webp 200w,\n/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/1f5c5/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.webp 400w,\n/static/028f84552553121fa2ba90ad09e00920/991d2/67b94d57080283376dd293b10c412c20.webp 640w","sizes":"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2564-markdown","title":"What's So Great About Cannabidiol, or CBD?","slug":"whats-so-great-about-cannabidiol-or-cbd","content":"Cannabidiol (CBD) is a powerful chemical that occurs naturally in many types of cannabis. In fact, [CBD, the second most common cannabinoid, can be found in both medical cannabis and in hemp](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55f6ea9c65393944020d0000/what-is-hemp-cbd). While cannabis researchers and growers have spent a lot of time trying to understand and produce tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), in recent years the focus has begun to shift towards CBD. As we learn more about this incredible substance, we’re getting a better sense of just how much CBD has to offer folks suffering from a variety of conditions and symptoms.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### Why Patients Use CBD\n\nPatients use CBD for many of same symptoms and conditions that THC is used to treat. For one thing, CBD is a potent pain reliever. Although [some studies show that CBD isn’t as effective as THC when treating pain](http://www.medicinalgenomics.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Bergamaschi_2011.pdf), it’s sometimes a better option for certain patients. Those who like to use CBD often prefer it because it doesn’t have the same psychoactive effects that patients can get when using THC.\n\nWhile the pain relief achieved with CBD may be slightly less than the relief gained with THC, it’s still a large improvement for many. For those individuals who are sensitive to the effects of THC, CBD can be an option that results in a greater level of functionality. CBD has been used to treat pain associated with a number of issues including migraines, arthritis, musculoskeletal injuries and even cancer.  \n \nRELATED: [CBD (CANNABIDIOL): THE MEDICINE OF THE FUTURE](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56c52e887c6109000800009a/cbd-cannabidiol-the-medicine-of-the-future)\n\nOf course, pain relief is only one of [CBD’s medicinal benefits](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/597fbfd2f15fe1002d7557dc/what-is-cbd-and-how-can-it-help-me). It’s also an effective anti-inflammatory agent. Because CBD can reduce stress and tension, it’s helpful in combating anxiety. It’s also used by many to treat seizures and convulsions resulting from conditions like epilepsy or multiple sclerosis. CBD helps insomnia patients get a full night's sleep. And it has even been used effectively for hard-to-treat conditions like [schizophrenia](http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/5/5/529/htm) and [substance addiction](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4444130/). \n\nThese diverse properties make the CBD found in cannabis incredibly helpful in improving a wide range of conditions. In a HelloMD CBD study, 80% of CBD users said they found CBD to be “very effective” to “extremely effective” in treating their conditions. CBD was so effective that 42% of CBD users said they were able to replace their prescribed pharmaceutical medications with CBD-based cannabis products, giving up the pharmaceuticals completely. \n\nRELATED: [LARGEST CBD USAGE STUDY PUBLISHED BY HELLOMD](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5980e279f15fe13b757557d3/largest-cbd-usage-study-published-by-hellomd-with-brightfield-group)\n\nSome folks also use CBD to moderate the effects of THC. Many who find THC works best for their needs, still often suffer from negative side effects like memory impairment, mental confusion, psychoactivity, increased heart rate or anxiety. Luckily, CBD has been shown to reduce these side effects without reducing THC’s positive effects.\n\nA number of patients, myself included, keep some CBD around for times when they start to feel a negative effect from THC. By adding some CBD to the mix, it’s possible to quickly eliminate the negatives without giving up the benefits that are so helpful. \n\n### What to Watch Out for When It Comes to CBD\n\nCBD isn’t completely without its own potentially negative side effects. While CBD’s side effects are usually much less intense than those associated with THC, they still exist and should be mentioned.\n\nThough CBD has been widely popularized as the non-psychoactive form of cannabis, it can have some effects on your mind. Studies show that CBD can have a sedative effect, making patients feel tired or slow. Some patients have also reported feeling more depressed when using CBD alone. So, if you find yourself feeling a little out of sorts when taking CBD, you aren’t the only one. \n\nCBD can also be contraindicated for certain patients. For example, [patients with HIV-1 may want to stay away from CBD as some studies have shown that it can actually worsen disease progression and aggravate symptoms](https://www.medicinalgenomics.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Bergamaschi_2011.pdf).\n\nCBD may also lower blood pressure—especially when combined with THC. So patients who already have dangerously low blood pressure should be cautious about using high-CBD cannabis before talking to a doctor. \n\nCBD has also been shown to decrease fertility in male patients, so it may not be the best choice for men who are trying to have children in the near future. \n\n### Striking a Healthy Balance Between CBD & THC\n\nWhile CBD is a powerful medicine on its own, many find that [CBD is most effective when balanced with a dose of THC](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/59b98b19d5d69e4852948b2d/cbd-and-thc-a-perfect-balance-for-healing). This synergy between the two most common cannabinoids found in marijuana offers some unique benefits that neither can provide on their own. While CBD is incredibly effective in its own right, it doesn’t offer the same amount of pain relief as THC can. It’s also rarely as uplifting or energizing.\n\nThat said, THC’s side effects can be challenging to say the least. The potential psychoactivity, racing heart or anxiety may make it an intolerable treatment for some.\n\nWhen CBD is able to blend with THC, it often accentuates or even extends the duration of THC’s positive effects. CBD does all of this while reducing or eliminating THC’s negative effects. This can be crucial when treating many conditions. If you find yourself feeling like THC is too overwhelming, or CBD doesn’t seem to do enough, you may find that blending them together can work wonders.\n\nIn the next few installments of our Cannabis for Newbies series, we’ll continue looking at other better-known cannabinoids. Our next article will look at tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), which appears to help with weight loss, depression and even diabetes. \n\nPhoto credit: [pancakenap](https://www.flickr.com/photos/137401247@N04/)\n\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/14b42/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg","srcSet":"/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/f836f/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg 200w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/2244e/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg 400w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/14b42/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg 800w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/47498/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg 1200w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/0e329/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg 1600w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/3a985/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.jpg 1855w","srcWebp":"/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/58556/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/61e93/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp 200w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/1f5c5/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp 400w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/58556/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp 800w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/99238/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp 1200w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/7c22d/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp 1600w,\n/static/d9a859a7fe9dcc472c3a1739041995fe/3a674/9202a3417ad448ae21dd8bd2510d71d7.webp 1855w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2554-markdown","title":"The Pros & Cons of Psychoactive THC","slug":"the-pros-and-cons-of-psychoactive-thc","content":"In our series for folks new to cannabis, we take a closer look at marijuana’s most common—and most controversial—compound: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This powerful cannabinoid, which was first identified in 1964 by Raphael Mechoulam, is best known for its psychoactive qualities. While THC is denounced by some for its disorienting and high-flying side effects, it also lays claim to having many medicinal benefits.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### Why Patients Use THC\n\nWhile the medical cannabis world is beginning to broaden its focus to address the wide variety of cannabinoids and terpenes available in the marijuana plant, no chemical has received as much attention as THC has. In fact, THC rates in cannabis have increased over the last few decades since its discovery, as growers focus on breeding ever higher percentages of THC into their plants.\n\nOne of the biggest reasons for THC’s popularity is, of course, its psychoactive effects. While this is a big factor for recreational users who want to use cannabis to shift into a more relaxed and blissful state of mind, it can also be a huge benefit for certain patients. For example, [studies show that THC can act like an antidepressant, uplifting a patient’s mood, easing depression and calming anxiety](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305710000730). These mood-altering effects can be life-saving for patients struggling with deep depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or severe anxiety.\n\nAnother main reason patients use high-THC cannabis is for its pain-relieving abilities. While other cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) are also known to help with pain relief, research shows that [THC offers the highest degree of pain relief that marijuana has to offer](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305710000730). For those suffering from daily chronic pain, or even occasional pain like a muscle sprain, THC is the substance that’s most likely to help.\n\nTHC is also known to be highly effective at easing nausea and vomiting, as well as stimulating appetite and reducing muscle spasms, It’s a powerful anti-inflammatory, neuroprotectant and antioxidant. [THC can even shift your metabolism to curb weight gain](http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0144270). With so many powerful qualities, it’s no wonder people continue to gravitate towards cannabis strains containing high levels of THC. \n\n### The Potential Downside of Consuming THC\n\nOf course, THC doesn’t come without its share of negative side effects. As with most powerful substances, what creates a positive effect in some can bring about a negative effect in others. For some patients, THC causes symptoms that can be uncomfortable, disorienting or downright scary. \n\n[The psychoactive element of THC, while helpful for many, can also be extremely disorienting](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56267b443861380006e90000/marinol-versus-cannabis-which-is-more-effective). Patients using THC may find themselves feeling confused or unable to think clearly. Conversations may become difficult, or you may find yourself “spacing out” and getting lost in your thoughts. Memory may also become less clear while using THC, and balance and coordination can suffer. It’s difficult to function in this state, so folks may steer clear of high-THC products to avoid these effects. \n\nTHC can also cause issues like an elevated heart rate. Though this doesn’t pose a big health risk for most, in patients who already have dangerously high heart rates, THC could be contraindicated. For healthy individuals, experiencing a jump in heart rate isn’t usually a problem, though it can be unnerving or uncomfortable.\n\nAnother negative that can come with consuming THC-dominant marijuana is the anxiety it can induce. In some cases, THC is able to reduce anxiety—usually when used in combination with certain terpenes or with other cannabinoids like non-psychoactive CBD, but it can also cause intense anxiety and paranoia in certain folks.\n\n### Enjoy the Benefits of THC Without the Negative Side Effects\n\nWhile THC is an incredibly beneficial cannabinoid, its side effects can leave some feeling too overwhelmed to function comfortably. Fortunately, there are many ways to cope. One way is to moderate the effects of THC with another cannabinoid: CBD.\n\nWhile CBD on its own doesn’t have the same effects as THC has (although it has its own beneficial effects), it has been shown to reduce the side effects of THC. Patients using a combination of the two often get the [benefits of THC without having to deal with memory impairment, mental confusion, psychoactivity, increased heart rate or anxiety](http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/5/5/529/htm). \n\nCertain terpenes can also help modify THC’s effects, although it’s often the case that a given terpene’s counteracting effects will vary from person to person. I do well when my THC is mixed in with beta-caryophyllene and myrcene. These two terpenes ground the THC, making it more sedative and relaxing for me.\n\n\nThat said, I know others who prefer a more energizing profile and get better effects with terpenes like limonene and pinene. The only way to know which terpenes will work for you is to try some out and see what happens. If there’s a strain you’ve tried that works well for you, try to get the test results to see what kind of terpenes and cannabinoids are found in that strain. This will help you hone in on what’s working for you. \n\nIn our next few installments of our Cannabis for Newbies series, we’ll continue on the topic of cannabinoids, looking at other popular cannabinoids’ uses and side effects. Our next piece will look at a cannabinoid that’s getting increasingly popular: CBD.\n\nPhoto credit: [Precision Medical Caregivers](https://www.flickr.com/photos/precisionmedicalcaregivers/)\n\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/14b42/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.jpg","srcSet":"/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/f836f/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.jpg 200w,\n/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/2244e/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.jpg 400w,\n/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/14b42/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.jpg 800w,\n/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/719d0/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.jpg 1025w","srcWebp":"/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/58556/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/61e93/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.webp 200w,\n/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/1f5c5/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.webp 400w,\n/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/58556/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.webp 800w,\n/static/f97f2c379d148c8370b9c3f63b0b6189/d34e0/877e35ab021cab70b0ae7c60d6c3a22d.webp 1025w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2562-markdown","title":"Harnessing the Power of Cannabis's Chemical Compounds","slug":"harnessing-the-power-of-cannabiss-chemical-compounds","content":"In the last installment of our series for cannabis newcomers, we went over [cannabis strains and why they’re important](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a77e254f24d1300077ccb2e/finding-the-ideal-cannabis-strain-to-suit-your-needs). Different types of cannabis can have different tastes, smells and, most importantly, different effects. Depending on the individual, some strains may bring on one effect—relaxation, for example—while others can trigger the opposite, and sometimes negative, effect. You may be wondering what's going on with these different cannabis strains, and why there’s so much variety.\r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\nAs it turns out, the differences among marijuana strains can be largely understood based on the differences in those strains’ chemical components. We now turn our focus on the chemical compounds that create these unique features. In this and upcoming articles, we’ll dive into the many different compounds found in the cannabis plant, and what to expect from each. \r\n\r\n### The Basics of Cannabinoids \r\n\r\nWhile cannabis contains many active components, cannabinoids are especially important to understand as they’re the compounds that are unique to the marijuana plant. While humans have understood cannabis’s therapeutic powers for thousands of years, we only began to learn about cannabinoids when the first known cannabinoid, cannabinol (CBN), was discovered in 1896.\r\n\r\nIn the following decades, scientists also discovered cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and numerous other cannabinoids in this versatile plant. While there are currently more than 60 known cannabinoids, only a few are regularly mentioned or tested for. The most popular cannabinoids, usually those that are found in larger quantities in the plant, are cannabinoids such as:\r\n\r\n* THC\r\n* CBD\r\n* CBN\r\n* Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA)\r\n* Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) \r\n* Cannabigerol (CBG)\r\n\r\nThese cannabinoids can have very different effects, thus contributing to the large amount of diversity found in cannabis strains. That’s why it’s important to learn about each so you know what to expect when trying different strains. In the next few articles, we’ll get into the nitty gritty, explaining the uses, side effects and interactions for each of these cannabinoids. \r\n\r\nRELATED: [CANNABINOIDS: CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS WITH HUGE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55da2ff26430380006690000/cannabinoids-chemical-compounds-with-huge-therapeutic-potential)\r\n\r\n### The Endocannabinoid System Helps Keep the Body in Balance\r\n\r\n[Scientists also discovered the endocannabinoid system (ECS)](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5751cbd970410e000b00003a/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system). This system is made up of CB1 and CB2 receptors, which can be found throughout the human body and interact directly with cannabinoids. As it turns out, our body naturally produces its own endocannabinoids, which are very similar to the phytocannabinoids produced by the cannabis plant. \r\n\r\nThis natural system of receptors and endocannabinoids plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, which is your body’s natural mechanism for maintaining internal balance. \r\n\r\nThis affects aspects of your health like:\r\n\r\n* heart rate \r\n* blood pressure\r\n* body temperature\r\n* the immune system\r\n* sleep cycles\r\n* appetite \r\n* thirst \r\n\r\n[When your body’s homeostasis is disrupted, a number of problems can arise—from arthritis and depression to diabetes and Crohn's disease](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56b27573fe98a100080001f1/marijuana-cannabinoids-and-homeostasis-a-balancing-act). Fortunately, cannabinoids can affect our system much like our own natural endocannabinoids can. When endocannabinoids fail to do their job, patients can use phytocannabinoids to fill in these gaps, bringing the body’s various systems back into balance.  \r\n\r\n### Terpenes—Responsible for Cannabis’s Taste, Smell & More\r\n\r\nCannabinoids aren’t the only chemical compounds present in cannabis. The plant also contains a large variety of [terpenes, the chemicals responsible for the taste and smell of cannabis](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/562948683138320006d70000/terpenes-that-augment-the-healing-power-of-cannabis). Unlike cannabinoids, terpenes aren’t unique to cannabis, but are found in many other plants as well. This is why cannabis can smell so similar to many other plants.\r\n\r\nWhen you smell cannabis and think it smells like pine, for example, it’s not just a similarity in smell. Cannabis with a piney scent, contains pinene, which also gives pine needles their scent. Many different terpenes may be present in a given marijuana strain.\r\n\r\nTerpenes not only affect the smell and flavor of cannabis, they also produce their own therapeutic effects. With over 100 identified terpenes in cannabis strains, we’ve only scratched the surface on what all of them can do. At this point, only a few terpenes—those found in larger quantities—are frequently discussed or tested for. They include:\r\n\r\n* Beta-caryophyllene\r\n* Linalool\r\n* Pinene\r\n* Limonene\r\n* Myrcene \r\n* Humulene\r\n\r\nRELATED: [WHAT ARE TERPENES AND WHAT IS THEIR EFFECT?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56e359576d0ed000080000ba/what-are-terpenes-and-what-is-their-effect)\r\n\r\n### Understanding the Entourage Effect\r\n\r\nWhile many folks like to focus on individual cannabinoids or terpenes, the truth is that these chemicals interact with each other in many different ways. More than understanding what each chemical does on its own, it’s also important to understand key ways in which these chemicals interact with each other.\r\n\r\nTHC, for example, is often considered the crucial element when dosing cannabis. Some even isolate THC when preparing cannabis products or doing research on cannabis. While there are therapeutic applications for THC in isolation, research has shown that THC’s effects can be greatly altered depending on whether other cannabinoids and terpenes are present.\r\n\r\nHaving other compounds working in concert with THC may make it even more effective, or possibly less effective, depending on what you’re trying to accomplish. Many of cannabis’s most helpful effects come from the combination of these components rather than just dosing with a single compound. The [combination of chemical compounds is called the entourage effect](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56d0f3acbbf86b000b0000ae/what-is-the-entourage-effect), and its many different combinations can be hard to track. \r\n\r\nTake, for example, the terpene called myrcene. While THC is usually quite energetic in its effects, when mixed with myrcene, THC takes on a sedative effect instead. If THCV is present, however, this doesn’t happen, and even with myrcene in the mix, the THC will maintain its energetic nature. With so many chemical components available, there seems to be an almost infinite number of combinations to consider.\r\n\r\nEach strain—and sometimes each individual instantiation of a strain—has its own chemical profile or chemotype. You can have cannabis tested to find out about its chemical composition. Some dispensaries or growers have their cannabis analyzed for chemical composition already and can tell you how much of each measured chemical is in the strain. Still, this is by no means a complete analysis. It won’t always tell you everything about how the cannabis will affect you, even when you understand the research behind each chemical. \r\n\r\n### Finding the Right Cannabinoids & Terpenes for You\r\n\r\nDespite the intricacies involved in the entourage effect, learning about the chemical constituents in cannabis that correlate with your needs can get you pointed in the right direction—and help you tailor your cannabis use appropriately. If you’re looking for appetite suppressants, for example, strains high in THCV are a good place to start.  [If you have epilepsy, you might look for high CBD strains](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55c28a2c65663200065c0000/epilepsy-relief-possible-through-medical-cannabis) as research has shown them to be helpful for seizures.\r\n\r\nIn the next few installments of our Cannabis for Newbies series, we’ll delve deeper into the topic of cannabinoids, looking at each of the popular cannabinoids’ uses and side effects. We’ll start by learning about THC, arguably the most well-known cannabinoid. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Brian Shamblen](https://www.flickr.com/photos/23972840@N04/)\r\n\r\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/14b42/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg","srcSet":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/f836f/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/2244e/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 400w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/14b42/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 800w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/47498/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 1200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/0e329/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 1600w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/0fb1f/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 1862w","srcWebp":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/58556/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/61e93/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/1f5c5/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 400w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/58556/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 800w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/99238/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 1200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/7c22d/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 1600w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/dc633/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 1862w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2251-markdown","title":"Cannabis May Help People With Schizophrenia","slug":"cannabis-may-help-people-with-schizophrenia","content":"Schizophrenia is a complicated psychiatric disorder that effects 1.1% of the world’s population. 3.5 million people in the United States have active schizophrenia, but many people may have the disease without even knowing it because symptoms normally do not develop until somewhere between the ages sixteen and twenty-five. The most common symptoms of schizophrenia are delusions, hallucinations, and chaotic behavior and speech. Schizophrenia can be extremely detrimental to the lives of people and it is believed that one third to one half of homeless individuals suffer from schizophrenia. \r\n\r\n### Lack of Effective Treatments\r\n\r\nThere is a lack of effective treatment options for people with schizophrenia and all of the options available require a constant administration of medication. Current treatments include a cocktail of antipsychotic medications, which are determined based on what symptoms are most prominent in the individual patient. There are many medications available to help with hallucinations and delusions, but there are not many to help with the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Cannabis, however, may be able to help relieve some cognitive problems that can come from schizophrenia. \r\n\r\n### CBD May Help\r\n\r\nA recent rat modeled [study published in the the journal Nature](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28230072) found that CBD derived from cannabis may help with cognitive impairment related to schizophrenia. The research was conducted at the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI) in New South Wales, Australia. In the study, rats were infected prenatally with polycytidilic acid. The acid helps replicate similar symptoms to psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and produces a generation of mice with symptoms. Once born, the mice were treated using chronic CBD treatment and were tested on social interaction and cognitive function. \r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\nThe symptomatic mice were given 10 mg of CBD for three weeks and many factors were measured, including body weight and food and water intake. There were a plethora of tests conducted on the mice during and following their treatment with CBD. The tests were conducted to look at the effectiveness of the CBD at helping counteract some of the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia and included T-maze tests, novel object recognition tests, and social interaction tests. \r\n\r\nThe study's lead author, Ashleigh Osborne, [said of the studies results](http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317768.php), “We found that CBD was able to restore recognition and working memory, as well as social behavior to normal levels. These findings are interesting because they suggest that CBD may be able to treat some of the symptoms of schizophrenia that are seemingly resistant to existing medications. In addition, CBD treatment did not alter body weight or food intake, which are common side effects of antipsychotic drug treatment.” The effects that CBD had on the mice could indicate a major breakthrough in the world of schizophrenia treatment because it appears to achieve something that no other medications have been able to, including rebuilding cognitive potential and improving social interaction. \r\n\r\n### THC May Worsen Symptoms\r\n\r\nCannabis as a whole, however, may not be good for schizophrenia sufferers because THC is believed to potentially worsen the symptom of schizophrenia. Though THC can be very helpful for some medical conditions, it could be detrimental to sufferers of schizophrenia, whereas CBD may be extremely beneficial. The researchers also conducted a review of studies on the therapeutic value of CBD before conducting this recent rat modeled study, \"From this review, we found that CBD will not improve learning and memory in healthy brains, but may improve aspects of learning and memory in illnesses associated with cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer's disease, as well as neurological and neuro-inflammatory disorders,” [said Dr. Katrina Green](http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317768.php), one of the lead researchers on the recent study. \r\n\r\nThe review highlighted that cannabis does not have the same effects on people who have conditions and those who do not. Some of this reaction could potentially be tied to the idea of endocannabinoid deficiency, which hypothesizes that a lack of internally produced endocannabinoids could be linked to certain conditions, meaning that a better state of homeostasis can be achieved when the body is supplemented by cannabinoids from cannabis. People without a deficiency, however, could instead experience no positive attributes from the cannabinoids because their bodies are naturally in equilibrium. \r\n\r\nMore research is necessary into why the cannabinoids seem to be effective at targeting cognitive problems related to schizophrenia, because currently there is no definitive answer.  The researchers of the study hope to be able to conduct more studies and eventually a clinical trial to see if there would be similar effects on humans with schizophrenia as seen modeled in rats in this study. This study provides yet another look into how cannabis could potentially help a group of people who find it difficult to receive adequate medication for their condition. \r\n\r\nIf you are new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's 100% online, private and efficient.  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