{"componentChunkName":"component---common-build-tags-template-js","path":"/tag/depression/2","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"Article_3131-markdown","title":"5 Killer Stress-Busting Combos - Popular Cannabis Strains Paired with Vitamins and Herbs","slug":"5-killer-stress-busting-combos-popular-cannabis-strains-paired-with-vitamins-and-herbs","content":"According to the American Psychological Association’s [2020 Stress in America Survey]( https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2020/sia-mental-health-crisis.pdf), the US is in the midst of a national mental health crisis.  From an intractable pandemic to economic uncertainty and political turmoil, a long list of unprecedented events is adding new stressors to an already stressed-out world.   \n\nTo cope with a near-constant barrage of stressors large and small, mental health professionals and wellness advocates [recommend a variety of strategies](https://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/stress-symptoms-signs-and-causes.htm#:~:text=Causes%20of%20stress,on%20you%20can%20be%20stressful.) including exercise, meditation, better sleep and a healthy diet.  Severe stress, anxiety and depression can also be helped with medications that calm anxiety and boost the uptake of the brain’s natural “feel good” chemicals serotonin and dopamine.  \n\nBut a growing body of research suggests that [cannabis can relieve stress and anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/marijuana-and-anxiety)\nwithout the side effects of many medications – and pairing it with stress-relieving supplements like valerian and kava kava might amplify its stress-busting powers. Below we list 5 stress-busting killer combos of popular cannabis strains paired with vitamins and herbs.\n\n### 5 Popular Marijuana Strains Combined with Herbs & Vitamins \n\nAlong with cannabis, a number of [herbs and vitamins](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamins-for-stress)\ncontain ingredients that can help to relieve symptoms of stress, and [many of these supplements](https://takecareof.com/articles/best-vitamins-supplements-for-stress-and-anxiety) can be combined with cannabis for an extra boost of calming chemicals during stressful times.  Here’s a list of five cannabis and supplement combinations that can calm stress and relieve anxiety. Mix and match them as you like, since there are no known negative interactions between cannabis and any of these natural substances.\n\n### 1. ACDC and Kava Kava\n\nACDC is a very high CBD strain that has virtually no THC. It’s evenly balanced between indica and sativa, and it’s often used to “take the edge off” experiences that can cause stress or anxiety.  Kava Kava derives from the root of the Kava (piper methysticum) plant and contains kavalactone, a substance that interferes with the breakdown of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), a chemical that calms activity in the central nervous system and promotes feelings of relaxation and comfort. \n\n### 2. Grandaddy Purple and Rhodolia\n\n[Grandaddy Purple]( https://www.hellomd.com/strains/granddaddy-purple) promotes a relaxed, happy feeling along with relieving insomnia and pain.  This high-indica strain is regularly used for easing the symptoms of stress and anxiety. It can be paired with rhodolia (rhodolia rosea), an herb whose roots work as an [adaptogen](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/adaptogens-what-are-they-and-how-to-combine-them-with-cbd) – a substance that boosts the body’s natural responses to \\stress. Wellness advocates say that rhodolia can also help with insomnia, chronic fatigue and stress-related burnout.\n\n### 3. OG Kush and Melatonin\n\nThe venerable [OG Kush](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/og-kush) ranks among the best cannabis strains for stress relief.  This high-THC strain causes relaxation and an uplifting euphoria, and it may also help with insomnia, anxiety and migraines.  Melatonin is a hormone made naturally in the pineal gland, and it’s typically released after dark to prepare the body for sleep.  But melatonin may also relieve symptoms of stress. A recent study found that melatonin could reduce stress and anxiety before surgery as well as the prescription sedative midazolam.\n\n\n### 4. Girl Scout Cookies and Valerian\n\n[Girl Scout Cookies](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/gsc) is a potent indica dominant hybrid strain that may relieve stress, reduce pain and combat symptoms of depression. Valerian (from the root of the Valeriana officinalis plant)  has been called “nature’s Valium” for its ability to reduce stress and anxiety, and it also supports sleep.  Research indicates that, like Kava Kava, it helps to inhibit the breakdown of GABA in the brain.  Valerian also contains compounds that seem to inhibit excessive activity in the amygdala, a part of the brain associated with fear and other strong emotional responses.\n\n\n### 5. Jack Herer and B-Complex Vitamins\n\n[Jack Herer](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/jack-herer) is a classic combination of indica and sativa strains that’s known for its ability to boost concentration and focus, but users also say it helps to reduce stress and symptoms of anxiety.  B-Complex vitamins include the full range of 8 B vitamins, which are essential for transforming food into energy and keeping the brain and heart healthy. But B vitamins can also lower levels of homocysteine, an amino acid associated with stress that also plays a role in the development of blood clots and artery damage. \n\n### Understanding Stress\n\nStress is often described as the natural “fight or flight” response to a perceived threat of some kind.  It’s a protective response that keeps us energized, alert and aware of our surroundings during a crisis, a dangerous situation – or even an exciting, pleasant event like getting married or moving to a new city. The stress response can also help people rise to meet challenges like making a speech, playing a competitive game or studying for a difficult exam. \n\nWhen the brain perceives a threat or recognizes a new challenge, the nervous system releases excitatory hormones including adrenaline (epinephrine), norepinephrine and cortisol. These hormones act on multiple systems throughout the body to prepare it for meeting the threat. The heart beats faster, pumping blood to the muscles, blood pressure rises, and sensory systems become hyper-acute.  \n\nUnder normal circumstances, once the stressful event is past, stress levels would decrease and the body would relax and return to a more normal state. But in this modern world, especially one affected by the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and multiple other crises, the body’s stress responses may remain in high gear virtually all the time.  When stress responses are always “on,” the flood of excitatory hormones can disrupt health in a variety of ways.\n\nChronic stress can exacerbate existing health problems or create new ones such as insomnia, weight loss or gain, digestive problems and “brain fog” or trouble with concentration and memory.  High stress levels can accelerate the aging process and raise the risk of heart attack or stroke. Stress can also contribute to mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression.\n\nA variety of self-care options can help to reduce stress, such as exercising more or trying relaxation techniques like yoga and meditation.  Prescription medications such as Prozac, Xanax or Celexa can also help to manage symptoms of stress and anxiety.  \n\nBut some research indicates that the relaxing properties of cannabis or cannabis compounds combined with calming [herbal and vitamin supplements](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/5-natural-supplements-to-boost-your-mental-health) can offer relief for many people struggling with chronic stress.\n\n### Cannabis Relieves Stress and Anxiety\n\nOne reason for the enduring popularity of cannabis is its calming, relaxing and lightly euphoric effect.   Compounds in the cannabis sativa plant, mainly cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, act on the brain’s neurological pathways to promote the expression of mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin, dopamine and the body’s natural calming cannabinoid anandamide.  \n\nA [recent study](https://www.healtheuropa.eu/cannabis-combats-stress/93193/) from Washington State University found that inhaling cannabis could lower stress levels. That’s a key change from previous studies, which used cannabis in pill form in a laboratory setting, rather than exploring the effects of cannabis as it’s normally consumed.   \n\nIn this study, researchers found that the largest reduction in stress came from 10 or more puffs of cannabis strains high in both CBD and THC, while just two puffs of any kind of cannabis could reduce symptoms of anxiety.\n\nIt’s important to note that for some people, cannabis can also cause feelings of paranoia and anxiety, particularly when it’s high in THC, the chemical responsible for the euphoric high.  But the Washington State study provides solid scientific support for the stress relieving benefits of [certain kinds of cannabis](https://topscannabis.com/6-of-the-best-weed-strains-for-stress-anxiety/).\n\n\nStress affects just about everyone, although in very different ways. But the “killer combo” of the most relaxing cannabis strains and supplements can give stressed-out people a new and natural way to cope.\n\n\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.492537313432836,"src":"/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/ee604/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.png","srcSet":"/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/69585/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.png 200w,\n/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/497c6/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.png 400w,\n/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/ee604/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.png 800w,\n/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/f3583/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.png 1200w","srcWebp":"/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/58556/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/61e93/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.webp 200w,\n/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/1f5c5/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.webp 400w,\n/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/58556/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.webp 800w,\n/static/dba6481db20bf5fdd73c77f61d618bfc/99238/9dc05d4f2c5901a43ac125af873a7cf7.webp 1200w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3130-markdown","title":"5 Natural Supplements to Boost Your Mental Health","slug":"5-natural-supplements-to-boost-your-mental-health","content":"Anyone who has ever struggled with a mental disorder such as anxiety or depression knows mental health is not a perfect state of mind, but rather a constant state of mindfulness. Mental Health requires regular maintenance, monitoring, and responsiveness to changes. As part of a body that needs exercise, sleep and fuel, our mind will tell us when it needs something, if we listen. \n\nIf your mind is speaking to you, especially during the stressful times of COVID-19, maybe you’re feeling unmotivated, overwhelmed or anxious—there are ways to treat yourself, or add to your therapy or conventional medications. Here are a few of Nature’s best supplements for mental health:\n\n### Vitamin D\n\nSunshine is a mood-brightener on the eyes--and on the skin, it turns out, as UV must penetrate skin to trigger Vitamin D synthesis in the body. It turns out you need Vitamin D to absorb calcium, and a growing number of psychiatrists and physicians are prescribing it to help with symptoms of depression. \n\nAccording to the [CDC,](https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db59.pdf) roughly one-third of women in the U.S. are at risk of Vitamin D deficiency or inadequacy. Levels of 30-50 ng/mL of blood seem to be what health professionals are currently targeting, and 800-2000 or more international units (UIs) of vitamin D are the typical daily dose. \n\nLow levels of vitamin D are caused by sunscreen prohibiting UV penetration, and by spending workdays indoors as the rays needed to make vitamin don’t travel through glass. Living in northern climates does not affect D levels, according to the [Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition](https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/#en1). Ask for a vitamin D test at your next checkup to assess your level.\n\n### Fish or Flaxseed Oil (Omega-3s)\n\nMore than a decade ago, scientists studying human longevity began to discover an inverse correlation between fish consumption and depression. Since then, Omega-3s have become the alpha supplement for heart and health. The body cannot synthesize Omega-3 fatty acids itself, so we must consume them. And, if you’re a vegetarian or don’t consume fish three times a week, you probably need this supplement.\n\nOmega-3s’ mental health properties are said to come from their ability to readily absorb into the central nervous system and facilitate your mood-regulating neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. Fish Oil supplements contain eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which aids in the release of serotonin, as well as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which supports your brain’s pathways, according to the [Oakland Research Institute.](https://www.fasebj.org/doi/pdf/10.1096/fj.14-268342?sid=1d83fd38-22b8-4149-9fb0-e74d3640384d) \n\nFor vegetarians, Flaxseed Oil is a great alternative and is the richest source of a third, health-giving omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Studies indicate omega-3 supplements will at the very least do no harm, and are widely recommended. \n\n### CBD\nWith medical marijuana legalized in the majority of US states, and a growing body of research confirming the efficacy of cannabis compound cannabidiol [CBD, HelloMD’s](https://hellomd.com/blogs/articles/how-cbd-can-help-with-mood-disorders) Dr. Richard Kim confirms that CBD strongly supports the production of mood-boosting neurotransmitters. This is especially the case for serotonin, which new studies confirm may be as effective as prescription medications for mood disorders. \n\nAs a supplement to support mental health, CBD acts on the nervous system’s own complex network of cannabinoid receptors, as well as the brain’s serotonin pathways, to regulate mood. There are a thousands of different strains of CBD, many with no THC content—which is the psychoactive that causes “high” or euphoric feelings associated with marijuana. \n\nOne study from 2018 published in the Journal of Affective Disorders found that [cannabis low in THC and high in CBD seemed to reduce depression symptoms,](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032718303100) while patients reported that high-THC/high-CBD cannabis worked best against stress.\n\nThe best place to find what works for you is to [consult with or find a prescribing doctor](www.hellomd.com) for medical CBD. If your state hasn’t legalized medical marijuana, low-dose cannabis shops are popping up everywhere. HelloMD advises experimenting to find the type and amount of CBD for your best balance, as cannabis can affect people in different ways. \n\n### Vitamin B Complex with Folate\n\nVitamin B is actually 8 vitamins. The most well-known being folate, B6, B12, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin. B vitamins are important as they help DNA synthesis and are crucial in neurological function. Vitamin B12 is often recommended to the elderly complaining of issues with impaired cognition, according to [Psychology Today,](https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/integrative-mental-health-care/201709/b-vitamins-play-important-roles-in-mental-health-care) which also reports that low levels of folate, niacin and thiamin were associated with [cognitive impairment in general.](https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/integrative-mental-health-care/201709/folate-depression-schizophrenia-and-dementia) Low levels of folate and B12 have been found in studies of depressive patients, as well, according to an article in the [Journal of Psychopharmacology.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15671130)\n\nLook for a supplement with a well-balanced complex of B vitamins, including: Methyl Folate (not Folic Acid, as 40% of women cannot synthesize it), Methylcobalamin as it is a form of B12 that supports brain and nerve tissue, and Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate (P-5-P) as it is a form of B6 that controls the metabolism of amino acids and aids in the production of neurotransmitters including serotonin. \n\n### Melatonin as Needed + a Women’s Multivitamin\n\nThe best thing you can do for your mental health is get your sleep, eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly. While there are unfortunately no supplements for exercise, you can give your body an assist with two other basic needs. \n\nSleep is the panacea of mental health, and lack of it dramatically impairs emotional regulation. In fact, [Harvard Health research](https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/sleep-and-mental-health) found sleep problems may be a risk factor for developing an anxiety disorder, and preceded depression 69% of the time. Beyond employing the practices of sleep hygiene, supplementing with Melatonin, the hormone that regulates our sleep-wake cycle, helps insomniacs young and old sleep and can help establish a more regular sleep routine.\n\nA diet for good mental and physical health includes 9 servings of produce, 3 of dairy, 6 of whole grains and 100 grams of protein—every day. If you’re vegetarian, it’s harder to get your proteins. Vegans also miss dairy. Millions more women who eat out a couple nights a week or don’t stick to whole foods have below-adequate micronutrient levels.\n\nMany doctors recommend multivitamins, and research that claims multivitamins do nothing has been recently challenged. The Harvard School of Public Health calls multivitamins your [“nutrition insurance policy,”](https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/multivitamin/) and advises to avoid mega-dose multivitamins. In fact, they say the least expensive options are often just right.\n\nWhen adding supplements to your lifestyle, do so one at a time to get a feel for their individual effects and home in on the best dosage for you. If you have symptoms of severe anxiety or depression, supplements should be discussed with a qualified healthcare provider first.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.408450704225352,"src":"/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/ee604/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.png","srcSet":"/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/69585/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.png 200w,\n/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/497c6/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.png 400w,\n/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/ee604/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.png 800w,\n/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/f3583/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.png 1200w","srcWebp":"/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/58556/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/61e93/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.webp 200w,\n/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/1f5c5/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.webp 400w,\n/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/58556/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.webp 800w,\n/static/c1404c23220ffc7a296d52aa2999b6db/99238/470e5dd3a73db83e80f02a676efb052a.webp 1200w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3128-markdown","title":"How Ayahuasca May Create More Meaning and Purpose in Your Life, and Stop Depression","slug":"how-ayahuasca-may-create-more-meaning-and-purpose-in-your-life-and-stop-depression","content":"\"There are all kinds of ways to challenge ourselves. Some people do it by climbing a mountain or scuba diving. The most profound and challenging ordeal is to drink Ayahuasca. It is in a way the ultimate adventure.\" - Graham Hancock, British writer, and journalist\n\n### Silicon Valley Execs to Veterans with PTSD\n\nJim recently became the Founder of a psychedelics company within the nascent industry. When asked why he left the traditional tech world for psychedelics, he says, \n\n\"I started taking Ayahuasca in ceremonial settings a few years ago. The profound shift in my mental health and perspective made me wonder what I was doing with my life and career. At that point, I decided to dedicate myself to finding a way to allow everyone to have this mind-expanding experience, but in a legal framework, with effective drugs available in a prescription format. My belief is that we can effect big changes in mental health with smaller doses of these drugs. Today, I still consume Ayahuasca a couple of times a year, to \"reset\" my normal way of thinking.\"\n\nOver the past decade, people from all walks of life have begun the conversation about Ayahuasca. From corporate executives taking long boat rides into the Peruvian jungle for a vision quest to veterans seeking relief from PTSD, people are consuming Ayahuasca for a variety of reasons. Whether you seek to meet the [\"ultimate reality\"](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/experiences-of-ultimate-reality-or-god-confer-lasting-benefits-to-mental-health) or beat back anxiety and depression, Ayahuasca may deserve a closer look. \n\n### What Is Ayahuasca?\n\nKnown as the \"vine of the soul,\"  Ayahuasca has been used for therapeutic and spiritual purposes reportedly for centuries in South America before migrating more recently to North America. A tea or a thick sludgy brew, it is made from the leaves of the Psychotria Viridis shrub (or Diploptrerys Cabrerana) and the stalks of the Banisteriopsis Caapi vine. The consumption of Ayahuasca in folklore is that of an ancient tradition with the indigenous people of Peru, Guyana, Bolivia, Brazil, Columbia, and Ecuador, although there is no historical evidence to prove this.\n\nAyahuasca is most often consumed in a ceremonial setting where a shaman, curandero, or \"guide\" leads a group. The guide, often creates the Ayahuasca brew itself, which may vary in consistency, potency and plant matter. The bitter \"tea\" is a highly concentrated extract of the medicinal compounds which may be made over the course of several days and is, as a final step, strained to remove any impurities. Interestingly, similar to cannabis, there are different classifications of B. Caapi, with upwards of 20 different strains. According to the psychedelics site [Third Wave](https://thethirdwave.co/indigenous-ayahuasca/), the strains are identified by the \"type of soil they come from, the time of harvest, their spiritual value, and the types of visions they can incur, or healing they can facilitate.\"\n\nAyahuasca's main psychoactive component is DMT, or N, N-dimethyltryptamine,  a naturally occurring chemical that many believe is produced in small amounts within the human brain. In larger amounts however it is a potent hallucinogenic that dramatically alters perception and consciousness when consumed.\n\nProgressive institutions worldwide are studying Ayahuasca to discover how it may help people struggling with mental health disorders. Ayahuasca is known to [activate repressed memories](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4773875/) which helps some people move past traumatic events. This may be why research centers including the [Beckley Foundation](https://www.beckleyfoundation.org/ayahuascadmt/), [MAPS](https://maps.org/research/ayahuasca) and the [Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research](https://hopkinspsychedelic.org/) at Johns Hopkins, are studying the effects of Ayahuasca on brain function as well as intractable depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addiction.\n\n### What Are Ayahuasca's Effects?\n\nThe main ingredients of Ayahuasca brew, Banisteriopsis Caapi and Psychotria Viridis, both have psychedelic properties. Ayahuasca as a liquid, is metabolized by the liver and absorbed through the stomach lining. Your stomach naturally contains enzymes that quickly breakdown DMT within your liver and gastrointestinal tract. \n\nFor this reason, Ayahuasca must contain monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or MAOIs, which stop the breakdown of DMT gastrointestinal tract and stomach. The MAOIs within the vine Banisteriopsis Caapialso also happen to bring about the 'purge' (or vomiting) often associated with drinking Ayahuasca.  \n\nAyahuasca is a thick and bitter brew to drink and between 30 to 60 minutes after drinking may cause some of the following physical symptoms:\n- Bodily temperature fluctuation\n- Rapid heartbeat\n- Shivering and tingling\n- Intense nausea that may come and go\n- A feeling of irritability and discomfort\n- Higher diastolic blood pressure\n- Crying\n- Diarrhea\n- Vomiting\n\nAlthough the physical manifestations may seem unpleasant, they most likely will subside. As you descend into your trip, fractal hallucinations are very common, as are full-blown visions and lucid dreaming. Some people report seeing spirits, other worlds and reflect on the sense of being part of something bigger than the self. For many, drinking ayahuasca can create complete ego dissolution for the duration of the trip - anywhere from 4 to 6 hours.\n\nInitial observational studies indicate that people who consume the Amazonian brew may experience lasting positive impacts on their psychological health, from building more meaning and purpose to having a deeper connection with a \"higher power.\" However, the illicit status of Ayahuasca, also known as DMT, proves challenging for scientific study.\n\nWhen taken in controlled doses, it has been shown that [DMT significantly alters electrical brain activity](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119075305.htm), creating changes that are different than the effects associated with other psychedelics, including LSD and psilocybin. [A study published in 2019](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51974-4) was the first to show how DMT impacts waking brain waves, causing subjects to experience an immersive \"waking-dream\". Those who take DMT, and more specifically, Ayahuasca, often report intense hallucinations and emotional experiences, leading to significant breakthroughs. As scientists describe this experience, \"it's like dreaming, but with your eyes open.\"\n\nAyahuasca has been shown to [modulate brain activity](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5895707/); neurotransmission, impacting key neurotransmitters; gene expression, target symptoms of PTSD, depression, etc.. It may even impact epigenetic regulation, targeting conditions in which cellular memory is dysregulated, including neurodegenerative and autoimmune conditions, and addiction. Initial studies indicate that Ayahuasca may also [support brain health](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/ayahuasca#benefits), by protecting brain cells while stimulating cell growth.\n\n### Ayahuasca and Depression\n\nA 2018 study by Psychopharmacology illustrates how [Ayahuasca alters thinking style](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6182612/), impacting areas such as judgment, reactivity, and ego dissolutiom. This suggests that consumers may experience greater acceptance of their thoughts and feelings upon taking Ayahuasca, specifically benefiting those with persistent negative, unhealthy thoughts and depression. The study states, \n\n\"Attendants in the Netherlands and Colombia were assessed before, the day after, and 4 weeks following the (Ayahuasca) ritual. Relative to baseline, ratings of depression and stress significantly decreased after the Ayahuasca ceremony and these changes persisted for 4 weeks. Likewise, convergent thinking improved the post-Ayahuasca ceremony up until the 4 weeks follow-up.\"\n\nIn the first controlled trial by [Cambridge University Press](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/rapid-antidepressant-effects-of-the-psychedelic-ayahuasca-in-treatmentresistant-depression-a-randomized-placebocontrolled-trial/E67A8A4BBE4F5F14DE8552DB9A0CBC97), the significant antidepressant effects of Ayahuasca in patients. The study gathered \"new evidence supporting the safety and therapeutic value of Ayahuasca, dosed within an appropriate setting, to help treat depression.\" \n\n### Ayahuasca and PTSD\n\nAyahuasca is now being studied as a potential treatment for PTSD. It is of particular [interest among veterans](https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/a3kaye/veterans-are-turning-to-ayahuasca-for-ptsd-relief) who seek peace-of-mind, as they aim to channel feelings of anger while overcoming debilitating trauma. Ayahuasca [may help PTSD](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5895707/) sufferers due to its \"modulation of brain activity, neurotransmission, and neurogenesis, which are consistent with the reported effects of Ayahuasca on the retrieval of traumatic memories.\" \n\n### Ayahuasca and Addiction\n\nAyahuasca has been shown to exert significant anti-addictive properties based on how it influences dopamine and serotonin levels while interfering with synaptic plasticity – which contributes to learning and memory. Psychological insights also increase, helping individuals process repressed trauma while enhancing their decision-making skills.\n\nRenowned addiction expert Gabor Mate states the following on Ayahuasca and addiction,\n\n\"No matter what a person is addicted to—whether it’s eating, shopping, sex, drugs—each addicted person harbors a deep pain, which they may or may not be in touch with. The plant removes the self-created barriers to get in touch with the source of that pain, so you realize what you’ve been running from all of your life.”\n\n### Are There Any Risks Associated with Ayahuasca?\n\nFor the most part, when taken in a responsible, controlled environment, Ayahuasca is safe. As stated by York University, this substance is most dangerous when individuals have a pre-existing illness, such as a heart condition or bipolar disorder. In the few reported death cases, pre-existing conditions are believed to have played a role, or the possibility of drug interactions. Ayahuasca is not intended to be taken with recreational drugs, antidepressants (SSRIs), nicotine, or caffeine. There has never been a death during a clinical study.\n\n### Where Can I Legally Seek Treatment?\n\nAyahuasca is currently illegal to consume, sell, possess, import, or distribute in the United States. However, there are special judicially granted exceptions for select churches. There are similar exceptions being made in [other Western countries, including Canada](https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/7xg499/the-church-ceu-de-toronto-where-its-legal-to-use-ayahuasca).\n\nPre-COVID, retreat centers in South America were increasingly popular, especially in Peru. For instance, Iquitos, Peru has more Ayahausca retreat centers than anywhere in the world. The key to finding the right retreat center for you is to really do your homework. Although we can not recommend a specific retreat center that meets your needs, here is [a list of Ayahuasca retreat](https://eluxemagazine.com/travel/the-best-ayahuasca-retreats-around-the-world-reviewed/) centers to assist your efforts.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.492537313432836,"src":"/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/ee604/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.png","srcSet":"/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/69585/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.png 200w,\n/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/497c6/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.png 400w,\n/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/ee604/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.png 800w,\n/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/f3583/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.png 1200w","srcWebp":"/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/58556/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/61e93/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.webp 200w,\n/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/1f5c5/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.webp 400w,\n/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/58556/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.webp 800w,\n/static/61367d69bd72aa7a50098f34bdc0293f/99238/68f721a8f9020ea0955b1d5063935749.webp 1200w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3123-markdown","title":"The Health Benefits of Breathwork for the Body and Mind","slug":"the-health-benefits-of-breathwork-for-the-body-and-mind","content":"When someone is tense or angry, we often say, \"Take a deep breath.\" And when we've escaped a bad situation, we can \"breathe easier.\" Breathing is an automatic process that keeps us alive, and most of the time, we take it for granted. \n\nBut research suggests that breathwork, a practice of mindful, disciplined breathing, could have far-reaching implications for the health of both mind and body.\n\n### What is Breathwork?\n\nMany people know that deep breathing can be calming and relaxing, and deep breathing routines are part of various yoga and meditation practices. But today's breathwork movements take conscious control of the breath even further.\n\n Breathwork is [broadly defined](https://www.healthline.com/health/breathwork#types) as any breathing techniques or exercises that claim to improve mental and physical health in significant ways. Breathwork practitioners claim that the various breathing practices they teach can improve concentration, boost mood, relieve pain, and open doors to profound insights about the self and the world.  \n\nFor all those reasons, advocates of breathwork claim that these disciplines have applications for spiritual practices and therapeutic ones – and recent research supports some of those claims.\n\nBreathwork practices focus on controlling the breath to achieve specific goals, and that can take several forms.  Some breathwork techniques emphasize the rate of breathing for different results.  Slow, regular breaths can promote relaxation and reduce stress, while rapid breathing may increase alertness and focus.  \n\nOther practices focus on the breathing process itself, such as breathing through the nose, rather than the mouth, or alternating nostrils and mouth breathing in patterns such as inhaling through the nose and exhaling through the mouth, or vice versa.\n\nThe idea of manipulating the breath for better emotional and physical health has led to the creation of several breathwork movements that combine cutting-edge science, ancient spiritual practices, and holistic and alternative wellness.  Recent, high profile examples include:\n\n### Shamanic Breathwork\n[Shamanic breathwork](https://www.shamanicbreathwork.org/shamanic-breathwork)\n is a part of today's modern shamanism movement, which incorporates a variety of breathing practices into rituals for journeying to other realms of consciousness. In shamanic practice, breathwork helps connect with spirit animals and other entities for enlightenment and spiritual growth.\n\n### Transformational Breathwork\n[Transformational Breathwork](https://www.transformationalbreath.com/breathwork.aspx) is a holistic breathwork practice endorsed by leading figures in the world of natural wellness including Deepak Chopra and Christiane Northrup. Proponents of this meditative breathing practice claim that it can improve circulation, balance the body's energy flow, and support better immune system functioning.\n\n### Holotropic Breathwork\n[Holotropic Breathwork ](https://www.verywellmind.com/holotropic-breathwork-41754) was conceived in the mid-1970s as a drug-free way to achieve altered consciousness.  This movement centers on \"quickening\" or rapid breathing patterns that, according to its founders, have both spiritual and therapeutic benefits. \n\n### How Does Breathwork Effect Mind and Body?\n\nControlled breathing practices [can have a considerable impact](https://www.parsleyhealth.com/blog/breathwork-does-it-work/)\n on the health of both the mind and the body,  because we can not live without it. However, because breathwork artificially alters natural breathing patterns, it isn't safe for everyone, and many of its supposed benefits aren't backed by science.\n\nMost research on the effects of breathwork focus on disciplines that involve deep, slow breathing of the kind that's often associated with yoga and meditation. Studies on this kind of breathwork [reveal a range of measurable benefits](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6137615/) for mental and physical health.\n\nDeep breathing practices can lower blood pressure and reduce blood levels of cortisol, a stress hormone.  Deep breaths can also increase oxygenation in the blood and brain, with benefits for focus and concentration.  Deep breathing also activates muscles and nerves that stimulate the [parasympathetic nervous system](https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/parasympathetic-nervous-system#:~:text=The%20parasympathetic%20nervous%20system%20is%20responsible%20for%20the%20body's%20rest,heart%20rate%20and%20increases%20digestion), which is responsible for relaxation responses and healthy digestion.  \n\nOther research has [focused on the effects of breathwork practices](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7457013/)  that emphasize nostril breathing, or ones that alternate nostril and mouth breathing.  These studies reveal that breathing through the nose can activate receptors in the olfactory bulb that are not activated when breathing through the mouth.\n\nReceptors in the olfactory bulb stimulate the olfactory nerve, which leads to the brain's limbic system, an ancient part of the brain associated with memory, mood, and emotion. That connection explains why smells can immediately trigger vivid memories and emotions, and it also explains why breathing through the nose could affect emotions such as anger and anxiety.\n\nSome studies have also examined the effects of [practices such as Holotropic Breathwork](https://www.healthline.com/health/holotropic-breathwork#safety) that center on rapid breathing, or hyperventilation. Quick, shallow breathing eliminates more carbon dioxide, which makes blood pH more alkaline. That stimulates the firing of neurons in the central nervous system and triggers epinephrine release, an excitatory hormone.\n\nBreathwork can also lead to a constriction in blood vessels and reduce the flow of oxygen to the brain.  Just one minute of hyperventilation can reduce oxygen delivery by as much as 40 percent. This reduction accounts for the feelings of dizziness and even euphoria that brief periods of hyperventilation can cause.\n\nFor these reasons, healthcare professionals warn that these breathwork practices may not be safe for people with cardiac arrhythmia, a history of heart problems, or those taking certain antipsychotic medications. Although deep breathing can reduce anxiety, rapid breathing practices can trigger it, most likely because that kind of breathwork stimulates the release of epinephrine. Generally, though, certain kinds of breathwork can be a useful part of treatment for mood disorders such as depression and PTSD, but they should be practiced under a qualified therapist's guidance.\n\n### Enhancing the Effects of Breathwork\n\nA variety of enhancements can boost the effects of various breathwork practices, primarily when breathwork is used to boost mental and emotional health or as a spiritual practice.\n\nRituals can help to create an atmosphere that boosts the effectiveness of breathwork. Things like setting an intention, creating a sacred space, or performing ritual activities associated with a particular spiritual practice can support a breathwork practice.\n\nIncense or candles can help enhance a breathwork practice by creating a relaxing and soothing atmosphere that promotes calm and relaxation.  Scents such as lavender or lemongrass can trigger positive associations in the brain.\n\nMusic or nature sounds can also enhance breathwork. Calming music can support breathwork for meditation and relaxation. Other rhythmic sounds can help to sustain the rhythm of a breathwork discipline.\n\nAlthough there's no research to support the claim, some users say [cannabis can enhance various breathwork practices](https://docmj.com/ohio/2019/09/14/combining-meditation-breathing-techniques-with-cannabis/) by helping to expand consciousness and [intensify the effects](https://cannabismagazine.com/5-ways-boost-psychedelic-high/)\n of the practice.  But marijuana can also trigger feelings of paranoia and anxiety, so it's wise to use caution when pairing cannabis and breathwork.\n\nBreath is the key to life – and today's breathwork practices blend ancient traditions and modern science in the quest for a healthier mind and body.\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/ee604/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.png","srcSet":"/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/69585/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.png 200w,\n/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/497c6/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.png 400w,\n/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/ee604/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.png 800w,\n/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/42c55/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.png 974w","srcWebp":"/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/58556/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/61e93/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.webp 200w,\n/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/1f5c5/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.webp 400w,\n/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/58556/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.webp 800w,\n/static/468c6956cb84cd9c7b9996c023dd94d7/fccb4/19c7d05b3008fabab7edb9fe6b541b70.webp 974w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3120-markdown","title":"MDMA: Coming Soon to a Therapist's Office Near You","slug":"mdma-coming-soon-to-a-therapists-office-near-you","content":"### MDMA-Assisted Therapy for All\n\nPsychiatrists, psychologists and therapists are quietly assimilating MDMA in their own practices, albeit, for now, it's underground. Emily Nelson is a middle-aged woman from Georgia, who has felt the force of COVID rock the foundation of her existence. Emily lives alone, is caring for aging parents, and is fearful of infecting her parents. As a result, she is feeling isolated, depressed, and lacking her usual “spark of joy.”  \n\nAt a friend’s urging, Emily was connected to an underground therapist who uses MDMA as a tool to quickly create positive mental adjustments for her clients. Emily, who has never taken any recreational drugs before, underwent an MDMA-assisted session with her therapist 3 weeks ago. Since that time, she has since noticed a profound change in her feelings. \n\n“I wanted to try MDMA-assisted therapy because things are terrible right now. I live alone; my job is stressful; I have a parent who’s especially vulnerable to Covid; I’m isolated. I’m sick of all the stress and wanted to get some joy and balance back in my life,” Emily explains.\n\nTherapy consists of two to three MDMA-assisted sessions, with multiple non-drug sessions before and between treatments. Non-drug therapy helps patients integrate and work through what they’ve uncovered during MDMA sessions. \n\nEmily says her first MDMA session was joyful from beginning to end. At her therapist’s home office with two close friends present, she experienced warmth and comfort, mentally and physically, inside and out—\"times a thousand.” She felt safe and loved, her mind expanded, and she had great personal epiphanies. “The epiphanies reinforced the obvious, like ‘live in the moment,’” she laughs, “but with MDMA, you feel it.” In short, Emily felt her depression melt away, a feeling that has lasted.\n\n### Doctors on the Forefront of Psychedelic Therapy\n\nHe hates to say “I told you so,” but psychiatrist Ben Sessa has been telling people about the potential of psychedelics in psychiatry since 2004. In a podcast with [The Third Wave,](https://thethirdwave.co/mdma-healing-trauma-and-the-future-of-psychiatry-transcript/) Sessa recounts the uphill climb he and few others have made since 2004 when he published the first paper on the subject since the 60s. Now, instead of being called “crazy” by colleagues, Sessa is called all the time for his insight on psychedelic medicine. \n\nSessa was drawn to psychedelics because he wanted to find an “antibiotic” for psychiatric disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress. Although he acknowledges pharmaceuticals are useful in certain cases, he says having to take an antidepressant (e.g., Prozac) for one’s entire life is just “not good enough.”\nGovernment administrations worldwide are rushing to get MDMA, psilocybin, LSD and ketamine off the party drug circuit and into clinician’s offices. Many people do not know that the Food and Drug Administration approved the psychedelic Ketamine in the U.S., and since 2019 it has been available for treatment-resistant depression\n\n### MDMA On the Fast Track for FDA Approval\n\nMDMA or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine is used in assisted psychotherapy, and was designated as a Breakthrough Therapy by the FDA. It is currently heading into its final phase (Phase 3) of testing with the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies or MAPS. They anticipate approval for PTSD treatment as soon as 2023.\n\nAn interim analysis of the first Phase 3 trial showed a greater than 90% probability for significant, positive results. Previous trials revealed an actual change in diagnosis; 83% of test participants no longer had PTSD and continued to improve over the following three-plus years. [MAPS](https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/mapscontent/research-archive/mdma/PTSDandMDMA.png) reports MDMA has proven safe, too, with only 1 negative response after testing on more than 780 humans. \n\nWith such positive results and potential for patients facing serious or life-threatening conditions, the FDA also granted the MDMA program Expanded Access status, which affords early access to people critically suffering from PTSD. \n\n### We’re Not Talking About Ecstasy and Molly\n\nWhen you buy Ecstasy or Molly on the street, it is cut with a variety of other ingredients. In fact, [a study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1343333/pdf/jaccidem00030-0032.pdf) of illicit ecstasy tablets seized in the UK showed a third of them had no MDMA at all. Only 28% had an active dose (80 mg), which means there’s a 72% chance that any given “high” from street ecstasy will come in part from a methamphetamine, PCP, bath salts, heroin, ephedrine, you name it. \n\nThe MDMA that will eventually be available for therapy will be just that, 99% pure active pharmaceutical-grade MDMA, [MAPS](https://maps.org/news/media/5984-motherboard-how-to-legally-buy-a-kilo-of-pure-mdma) says. Until then, drug checking kits are available from [Bunk Police](https://bunkpolice.com/product-category/spot-test-kits/) and others to test for MDMA and/or adulterant content. \n\n### What Separates MDMA from “Classic” Psychedelics\n\nFounder Rick Doblin, PhD., says MAPS researchers focused on MDMA first because it is the “most gentle” of psychedelic drugs. In an interview with [HelloMD](https://maps.org/news/media/7732-hellomd-maps-founder-rick-doblin-talks-psychedelics-mdma-the-fda), he described how it differs from LSD and Psilocybin, “The classic psychedelics act by dissolving our filtering systems… You don’t see things from your own individual perspective anymore.” Losing that sense of self can scare people. He says, instead, “MDMA strengthens your sense of who you are.”\n\nMDMA doesn’t affect the 5-HT2A receptors nearly as much as LSD and Psilocybin. The 5-HT2A receptors are in the brain’s logical the cerebral cortex, which maintains consciousness. Inhibiting these receptors causes hallucinations and psychospiritual experiences with “classic psychedelics.” \n\nMDMA is not a hallucinogenic but rather an entactogen, a drug that acts on emotions to create a positive mood. “Where the ego distortion psychedelic effects are less pronounced with MDMA, it’s more about the feelings,” Dr. Sessa explains.  \n\n### The Perfect Assistant for PTSD Therapy\n\nMDMA is also pharmacologically unique among psychedelics in its ability to inhibit the fear response in the amygdala, the primitive fight-or-flight part of the brain. This is key to PTSD treatment, Sessa says, as it’s the only way most deeply traumatized people can even open the door on events that caused their disorder. After a lifetime of avoiding traumatic memories, vets and abuse victims can go back to the event with MDMA assistance and begin the healing process.\n\nBy addressing the root cause of the stress, rather than just treating symptoms like depression, Sessa says PTSD can be cured. And MAPS research is proving it.\n\n\n\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.7857142857142858,"src":"/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/ee604/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.png","srcSet":"/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/69585/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.png 200w,\n/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/497c6/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.png 400w,\n/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/ee604/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.png 800w,\n/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/f3583/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.png 1200w","srcWebp":"/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/58556/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/61e93/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.webp 200w,\n/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/1f5c5/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.webp 400w,\n/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/58556/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.webp 800w,\n/static/6e0d0e3502743cf01d70503c2c914378/99238/378fe3869b4ef5759ac7e7b24c7bb4fb.webp 1200w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3119-markdown","title":"7 Highly Effective Treatments for Seasonal Depression","slug":"7-highly-effective-treatments-for-seasonal-depression","content":"Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, affects around [14% of Americans](https://www.amazon.com/Winter-Blues-Fourth-Everything-Affective/dp/1609181859/ref=sr_1_5?crid=12OKKARZBBWQC&dchild=1&keywords=norman+e+rosenthal&qid=1602036977&sprefix=norman+e+rose%2Caps%2C626&sr=8-5) on any given year…but this isn’t any given year. Depressive disorder symptoms have tripled in the US since the onset of COVID-19, according to research from the [National Center for Health Statistics and Census Bureau,](https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/pulse/mental-health.htm) and SAD is one form of depression.\n\n“For people who have mild depression in the winter months, it’s now magnified,” says Swati Cerise, a marriage & family therapist in Minneapolis, who has witnessed an uptick in signs of depression this fall. “Macro stressors are affecting how people feel on a personal level. On top of juggling work and life from home, parents have kids struggling with hybrid learning. There’s insecurity about how bad the virus can get, and it’s taking a toll on people’s mental health.”\n\nAdd to this the change in seasons—which brings lowered serotonin levels, changes to circadian rhythm, and increased melatonin production—and you have a recipe for SAD.\n\n### 1. SAD Symptoms\n\nSymptoms are very much like depression but occur during the fall and early winter. The most prevalent indications are hypersomnia or excessive sleeping, and chronic fatigue despite getting adequate or too much sleep.\n\nWeight gain occurs in 70% of people with SAD, according to [Health.com.](https://www.health.com/condition/depression/7-signs-of-seasonal-affective-disorder) SAD sufferers often self-medicate, in a way, with complex carbohydrates. They crave breads and pastas because carbs boost tryptophan production, releasing serotonin and elevating mood.\n\nOther symptoms are persistent sadness, hopelessness, disinterest in daily life, difficulty concentrating, feeling overwhelmed by simple tasks, lowered productivity, irritability, and socially isolating.\n\nIf you've felt any of these symptoms this fall and they're ongoing rather than sporadic, there are several ways to manage SAD at home. However, it is a serious disorder and should be discussed with a physician before self-treating. Self-monitoring is also critical in treating SAD, as some treatments can have serious consequences, including mania for people with bipolar and post-traumatic stress disorders.\n\n### 2. SAD Light Boxes\n\nArguably the best way to treat SAD is exposure to bright white light for 15-45 minutes a day. Light therapy effectively re-creates the mood-regulating benefits of daylight. Twila Germanson, Psychiatry MD, explains, \"Lightboxes decrease your production of melatonin, which we all start making more of when the days are getting shorter. Light therapy, when used in the morning, can reduce melatonin production during the day, so you don't start feeling like a bear ready for hibernation.\"\n\nGermanson recommends using a seasonal affective disorder light box with 10,000 lux output, sitting at a distance of two to three feet. (Lower-lux boxes require you sit within inches of the light.) All you need do is face the lightbox (without staring directly into it) and sit there. Sip your morning coffee or work at your computer and let light work its wonders.\n\nWhile UV-free and UV-filtered lightboxes are safe, natural/non-medicinal, and very effective for mild and serious seasonal depressive disorder, Germanson cautions such possible side effects as eyestrain, headache, and nausea, as well as mania in bipolar patients.\n\n### 3. Vitamin D-3\n\nAnother of the body's natural mood-regulators affected by diminished daylight is vitamin D. Produced through sun exposure to the skin, vitamin D is important to healthy brain function and linked to the chemical that keeps us happy, serotonin. Vitamin D deficiency is surprisingly common in people, especially during the winter months.\n\nDr. Germanson, who lives in the northern states, says, \"Many people find [a D-3 supplement] helps get them through the winter.\" She advises taking the active form of the vitamin, which is D-3, and no more than 2,000 IUs per day until you get your blood checked for vitamin D levels. \"Vitamin D-3 is a fat-soluble vitamin that can store up in your fat cells, so it is important not to take too much as it does not readily 'wash through' your system.\"\n\nGermanson advises taking gel caps over tabs or powder caps, as gels absorb better, and mentions that in addition to supporting mental health, [new evidence shows](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.01.20087965v3.full.pdf+html) vitamin D may help support the immune system during COVID, too.\n\n### 4. CBD\n\nA growing [body of research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6161644/) confirms the efficacy of cannabis compound cannabidiol (CBD) in supporting the production of mood-boosting neurotransmitters, especially serotonin.  CBD acts on the nervous system's own complex network of cannabinoid receptors and serotonin receptors and has no negative tolerance or withdrawal side effects. This cannabinoid has shown to have anti-stress and anti-anxiety effects.\n\n### 5. SSRIs\n\nAs SAD is a subset of depression, it is frequently treated in the pharmacological world with extended-release Wellbutrin (Bupropion) or another SSRI drug targeted at controlling serotonin re-uptake. Wellbutrin, or other popular anti-depressants, help to increase the levels of serotonin in the brain. For many people, anti-depressants relieve the symptoms of depression, but people’s reactions may differ depending on the drug.\n\n### 6. Psilocybin\n\nPsilocybin, the active compound in \"magic mushrooms,\" can also be as effective as prescription medications, according to [early-stage clinical research.](https://www.imperial.ac.uk/psychedelic-research-centre/research/)\n\nfrom London's Imperial College Center for Psychedelic Research. Brain imaging studies by Drs. Robin Carhart-Harris and David Nutt at the Center reveal remarkable similarities between how Psilocybin and SSRI pharmaceuticals work in the brain by controlling 5-HT2A serotonin receptors.\n\nPsilocybin can be taken in microdoses over the course of the winter if you don't want to experience the psychedelic effect, or in higher doses, which appear to have longer-term effects according to the Center.  Legal psilocybin administration in North America is only available through research and clinical trials at the moment, however this expected to change in the next 12-18 months.\n\n### 7. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy\n\nCBT is a common and effective treatment for depression. CBT-SAD is adapted from traditional cognitive behavioral therapy and also proven highly effective. It involves identifying negative thoughts felt during the fall and winter months and reprogramming them through a change in behaviors and thoughts.\n\nEngaging in practical and enjoyable activities during the winter months can disrupt the negative self-talk, spiraling thoughts, and anxiety associated with depression, and even get people out of doors to soak up some happiness-sustaining sunshine.\n\nCBT is often used in tandem with the therapies described above, and many people with severe cases of SAD find the more treatments, the merrier.\n\nIf you're experiencing the symptoms of depression for more than two weeks, it's time to reach out for a little professional help. If you are feeling suicidal, please call the [National Suicide Hotline](https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/). If your SAD started this fall or recurs this time every year, chances are your depression is seasonally related and may need treatment solely during the dark months.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.1560693641618498,"src":"/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/d3934/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.png","srcSet":"/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/69585/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.png 200w,\n/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/497c6/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.png 400w,\n/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/d3934/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.png 606w","srcWebp":"/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/8944e/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/61e93/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.webp 200w,\n/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/1f5c5/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.webp 400w,\n/static/1ee73640e4a962c71a9d413221bbaf30/8944e/f4e7f92533f66c4d2ca9e877ba92174c.webp 606w","sizes":"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3111-markdown","title":"Ketamine: An Effective Treatment for Depression?","slug":"ketamine-an-effective-treatment-for-depression","content":"COVID-19, the global pandemic that keeps growing, is causing another pandemic: anxiety and severe depression. As the pandemic continues, and social isolation becomes more prevalent, more than one in three adults in the U.S. have reported symptoms of anxiety or depressive disorder. In comparison, from January to June 2019, more than [one in ten (11%) adults](https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/ERmentalhealth-508.pdf) reported symptoms of anxiety or depressive disorder.\n\nAs a result, the use of traditional antidepressants is on the rise. “In the survey, titled [“America’s State of Mind Report,”](https://www.express-scripts.com/corporate/americas-state-of-mind-report) researchers highlighted that from February 16 to March 15, prescriptions filled per week for antidepressant, antianxiety, and anti-insomnia medications increased by 21%. \n\nWe also know that cannabis can be useful for some people when treating anxiety and depression. Many people [use medical marijuana](https://hellomd.com/blogs/articles/how-cannabis-can-help-manage-anxiety-and-stress-during-covid-19-pandemic) to ease anxiety and stress; for some, it works better than medications like antidepressants. Yet, it's not always right for everyone. In fact, for some, cannabis can worsen anxiety or depression.\n\nThere are other options available. Currently, ketamine is becoming a well known alternative for treating major depressive disorders in clinical settings across the United States. \n\n### Everything You Want to Know About Ketamine\n\nIf you've ever had a general anesthetic, you may have heard of ketamine. The [commercial use of ketamine](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4258981/) began in the 1970s, and it's now commonly used for various clinical applications, including anesthesia, palliative care, and, most recently, for the treatment of depression. Ketamine is also well known for being a \"recreational\" drug and for its potential for abuse. \n\n### What Is Ketamine?\n\nKetamine's chemical makeup is similar to phencyclidine (PCP), nitrous oxide, and dextromethorphan (DXM). It has been used widely as an anesthetic for surgery in humans and animals. Ketamine provides complete sensory detachment and produces hallucinogenic-like effects. Street names for ketamine are VitaminK, Super K, K, Green and Donkey Dust.\n\n### What are the Effects of Ketamine?\n\nKetamine is a dissociative drug with sedating effects and may cause numbness, memory loss, and unconsciousness while maintaining respiratory reflexes and adequate blood pressure. \n\nKetamine has a psychedelic effect and may reduce overall body sensations. It produces an abrupt high that lasts for about one or two hours. [Instant effects of ketamine](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK424847/table/appd.t6/) may include drowsiness, profuse sweating, an irregular heartbeat, confusion, nausea, numbness, and slurred speech. It may also create an overwhelming feeling of relaxation, and consumers may feel \"out of their bodies\" or a dream-like detachment. Ketamine can alter a person's sense of space and time and cause visual or auditory hallucinations. \n\nContinued ketamine use causes a slow heartbeat, elevated blood pressure, behavioral changes, and difficulty breathing. Heavy ketamine use results in urinary tract problems as it may thicken the bladder wall, causing pain during urination. Prolonged use may also cause agitation, panic attacks, reduction of both long and short term memory.\n\nToo much ketamine may cause immobility and a sense of going into \"k-hole,\" an intense feeling of separating from one's body. Withdrawal from prolonged ketamine abuse comes with numerous side effects such as depression, anxiety, lack of appetite, insomnia, and restlessness. It is possible to become addicted to ketamine, and with abuse, more may be needed to feel its effects.\n\nWhen used correctly, ketamine has numerous therapeutic benefits including the following:\n\n### Treatment of Depression & Anxiety\n\nThe FDA recently approved ketamine for \"off label\" consumption, and clinics across the United States are using it for the treatment of depression. Recent studies indicate that up to [70% of patients](https://www.yalemedicine.org/stories/ketamine-depression/) treated with treatment-resistant depression improved when given an oral antidepressant with intranasal esketamine, a nasal spray derived from ketamine. \n\nIt's believed that ketamine works for depression and anxiety as it enhances the transmission of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and triggers the production of glutamate. This, in turn, prompts the brain to create new neural connections. As new bonds form, patients can approach life with more positive associations and behaviors. Ketamine works quickly in the treatment of depression and anxiety, whereas traditional antidepressants may take weeks to take effect, if at all. \n\nKetamine infusions for depression usually take effect within four to seventy-two hours, and patients may feel a lasting impact for 1-3 weeks. Anecdotal reports also indicate ketamine may be a potential treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and other neuropsychiatric disorders.\n\n### Chronic Pain\n\nKetamine is frequently an effective [treatment for chronic pain](https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/news/20180615/first-ketamine-guidelines-for-pain-released), neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia. Low dose ketamine infusions have had a beneficial effect on the central nervous system, effectively giving a reboot to neurotransmitters within the brain. Patients may fee immediate and sustained relief from pain through a series of low dose ketamine infusions.\n\nWhile surgical operations tend to be very painful, ketamine relieves pain significantly. When your nerves are sending those pain signals to the brain, ketamine cuts them off. You won't feel the excruciating pain after some surgical blades have cut through your body organs. Vietnam War soldiers used these psychedelics to relieve pain from injuries.\n\n### What are the Risks Associated With Ketamine?\n\nConsumption of ketamine within a clinical setting is considered relatively safe. Some patients may feel uncomfortable with the associated effects, such as feeling disassociated from the body or a sense of \"couch-lock.\"\n\nKetamine may cause an increase in blood pressure. People who have the following are not candidates for ketamine treatment:\n\n- glaucoma\n- brain lesions or tumors\n- brain swelling\n- \nThere are [several other conditions](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/302663.php#risks) where ketamine treatments should be used with caution.\n\n### Is Ketamine Legal?\n\nThe FDA has approved [nasal-spray esketamine](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ketamine-for-depression-approved-by-fda-today-2019-03-05/) for the treatment of depression. It is legal in specific states that have legalized its use. Each state has individual regulations on the administration of ketamine. Utah and Texas, for example, have legalized medicinal use of the drug, whereas other states such as California, Delaware, and Wyoming among others have placed ketamine as a schedule III\n\n### Ketamine Drug Interactions\n\n[Ketamine has seven significant drug interactions](https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/ketamine.html) and two hundred and fifty-six moderate drug interactions. It is essential to check with a physician on how ketamine may interact with any medications currently in use.\n\n### Where Can I Legally Seek Ketamine Treatment?\n\nMore than 150 clinics in the U.S. offer various forms of ketamine treatment. With the legalization of ketamine spray and infusions, new clinics are continuing to open. While it might not be easy to find a ketamine cline, there are many established providers in legalized states. When looking for a [ketamine clinic](https://doubleblindmag.com/choosing-ketamine-clinics/), conduct due diligence, and check with your local healthcare provider.\n\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/png;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.492537313432836,"src":"/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/ee604/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.png","srcSet":"/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/69585/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.png 200w,\n/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/497c6/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.png 400w,\n/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/ee604/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.png 800w,\n/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/f3583/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.png 1200w","srcWebp":"/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/58556/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/61e93/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.webp 200w,\n/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/1f5c5/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.webp 400w,\n/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/58556/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.webp 800w,\n/static/b606463a8e903db7ad6a63f0a69f71fa/99238/8d0d368fd05ea530c81edae202b79c46.webp 1200w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3109-markdown","title":"Top 5 Marijuana Strains That'll Make Your Day Brighter","slug":"top-5-marijuana-strains-thatll-make-your-day-brighter","content":"The recent vaping crisis has injured thousands and killed as many as 52 people. Vaping Associated Pulmonary Illness (VAPI), is now known to be caused by illicit-market vapes that contain Vitamin E acetate. Shockingly, A recent study found [9 out 12 vape pens tested from the illicit market](https://www.businessinsider.com/timeline-of-vape-related-illnesses-and-deaths-2019-9) had high levels of vitamin E acetate and other pesticides.\n\nSince the crisis, there's generally been a lot of fear about vaping, even with vapes purchased on the legal market. For this reason, there is a renewed interest in the old fashioned way - smoking flower.\n\nBelow are 5 cannabis strains we've carefully curated, and we're sure they'll make your day brighter:\n\n**Bubba Kush - Indica**\n\nBubba Kush is an indica strain with a mix of terpenes ranging from peppery, citrus, and herbal. It stands around 23% THC content and is of Afghani descent, but it's origins are not entirely known. If you're looking to calm down after a hectic workweek, Bubba Kush may be the strain for you. It's so calming that some may say it's more akin to a horse tranquilizer. If you have chronic pain, battle with insomnia, or anxiety, this strain may help. Some claim that Bubba Kush creates a dreamy euphoria combined with a happy, albeit a somewhat sleepy, mood. \n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_us/?utm_medium=copy_link/)\n\n**Cannatonic - Hybrid**\n\nCannatonic is a hybrid strain with terpenes ranging from peppery, pine and herbal. The strain has around 25% THC content. It's a cross between Mendocino Purps, Skunk and Afghani. Cannatonic is well known for its balanced, mellow high. The balance between THC and CBD creates a powerfully relaxing strain that may produce a wave a calm over the body. Many people claim that it helps with pain, migraines, and soothes nausea, muscle spasms, anxiety, and depression.\n\n**Grape Ape - Indica**\n\nGrape Ape is an indica strain with a mix of terpenes ranging from herbal, pine, and pepper. It stands around 5.5% THC and 10%-17% CBD content and is a cross between Mendocino Purps, Skunk, and Afghani. The name Grape Ape comes from its grape-like smell. Visually it's distinct, and it yields a complex fruity flavor. Grape Ape's high comes on gradually, creating a weight-like sensation in the arms and legs. Many say the effect is a spacey-calmness which leads to a full-body stone. If you're suffering from muscle aches or pains or need to let go of your day, the strength of this indica may be in order.\n\nDOWNLOAD THE DAILY BONFIRE APP & WIN $420: \n[APPLE IOS](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/daily-bonfire/id1469226668)  l   [GOOGLE ANDROID](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.hellomd.appv1)\n\n**Tangerine Dream – Hybrid**\n\nTangerine Dream is a hybrid strain with a mix of terpenes ranging from herbal, pepper, and citrus. It stands around 17%-25% THC content. It's a cross between G13, Neville's A5 Haze and Afghani. Its flavor is bold with a strong citrus and clove-like undertone, while its flowers are forest green and chunky with trichomes. Consumers say that Tangerine Dream creates a clear-headed high that is both calming and fosters a sense of alertness. This strain may create an immediate head rush leaving the body with a sense of warmth and even making you a little wide-eyed. Due to the ability to develop focus, this may be the right strain for those that suffer from ADHD. It also can relax muscles and relieve stress and anxiety.\n\n**Super Lemon Haze - Sativa**\n\nSuper Lemon Haze is a sativa strain with a mix of terpenes ranging from fruity, peppery and minty. It stands around 18%-25% THC and 1% CBG content. It's a cross between Lemon Skunk and Super Silver Haze. Its flavor is bright and fresh with a lemony zing, with an almost candy-like quality. The aroma is citrusy and a little sweet. Super Lemon Haze is known for its happy effects, creating an uplifting and energetic high. Its euphoric effects are known to help with depression, anxiety, and pain. This strain is excellent if you need a boost to clean the house or go out for the night with friends.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.492537313432836,"src":"/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/14b42/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.jpg","srcSet":"/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/f836f/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.jpg 200w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/2244e/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.jpg 400w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/14b42/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.jpg 800w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/47498/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.jpg 1200w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/b99f1/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.jpg 1345w","srcWebp":"/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/58556/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/61e93/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.webp 200w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/1f5c5/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.webp 400w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/58556/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.webp 800w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/99238/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.webp 1200w,\n/static/5ba1164e6c634e03bdd0cab91d097a33/8ea14/f59b2daed6a34c802654da97efd40ccf.webp 1345w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3108-markdown","title":"Why Interrupting the Default Mode Network with Psychedelics is Good for Mental Health","slug":"why-interrupting-the-default-mode-network-with-psychedelics-is-good-for-mental-health","content":"If you've been paying attention to recent news on psychedelics, you've probably heard the term default mode network (DMN). Or, perhaps you've read Michael Pollan's book, [How to Change Your Mind](https://www.amazon.com/Change-Your-Mind-Consciousness-Transcendence/dp/1594204225), where he details his before and after experiences with numerous psychedelic trips. In his book, he discusses how psychedelics quiet the DMN, allowing people to experience temporary deaths of the ego and form new insights and perspectives. \n\nIt turns out, when the DMN is interrupted, new channels and pathways within the brain form. New research indicates that psychedelics may be a revolutionary disruptor in the field of mental healthcare, partially because of how they affect the DMN.\n\n### What's the Default Mode Network? \n\nIn 2001, Dr. Marcus Raichle coined the term \"default mode\" to describe the state when our brains are at rest. The default mode describes an activity within the brain when it's not engaged in an active task, such as solving a math problem or learning a new job. The default mode is often associated with activities such as daydreaming, self-reflection, worrying about the past, or feeling anxiety about the future. The DMN is also where we create the picture ourselves, or our autobiographical self. The DMN is central to the story we tell ourselves about who we are and where we want to go.\n\nThe default mode network is an interconnected series of structures within our brain. There is some debate as to which parts of the brain to include. Generally, there is consensus that the prefrontal cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex, and the inferior parietal lobule are included.\n\nfMRI scans indicate that when our brains are resting, or we're \"thinking\" without a specific goal in mind, the DMN regions of the brain show higher levels of activity and blood flow. New research shows that increased activity within the DMN is linked to mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Changes in the DMN, whether it is too much activity or too little, have also been linked to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, autism, PTSD, and bipolar disorder.\n\nThe DMN also allows us to perform repetitive tasks and actions without thinking much about them. For instance, many of us may have the experience of driving home, but not remembering it, yet we get back safely anyway. It turns out that rote memory is much easier than conscious thinking, and 46.9% of the time, we are turning ourselves on autopilot, which is regulated by the DMN. \n\nWhile in this frame of mind, it may feel like you are doing something instinctually, and your brain no longer needs to focus. For this reason, whenever possible, the adult brain will try to switch over to save energy. The stories we tell ourselves, a multitude of actions we perform and much of our daily existence is controlled by a network in the brain on autopilot - which may or may not work in our favor.\n\n![Courtesy of Double Blind Magazine](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Screen_Shot_2021_11_18_at_3_38_44_PM_b318cf6e87.png)\nCourtesy of Double Bling Magazine [Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/p/CVv2BSyANZW/)\n\n### Psychedelics: Interrupting the Default Mode Network\n\nIt's believed that the over-activity within the DMN, and its grip on our conscious and unconscious actions, play a central role in mental health disorders, such as depression or anxiety. Studies indicate that when activity is decreased, which is the case when psychedelics are administered, a depressed or anxious person will often feel a sense of relief, as well as an increased sense of connection; often for several months.\n\nScientific interest in studying psychedelics runs in parallel with the desire to treat intractable mental health disorders. In 2016, [The Journal of Psychopharmacology](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0269881116675513) researchers stated, \"High-dose psilocybin produced large decreases in clinician- and self-rated measures of depressed mood and anxiety, along with increases in quality of life, life meaning, and optimism.\"  \n\n[Another study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27210031) found that when psilocybin was administered to patients with treatment-resistant depression, \"depressive symptoms were markedly reduced 1 week and 3 months after high-dose treatment.\"\n\nA new [Brazilian study](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/rapid-antidepressant-effects-of-the-psychedelic-ayahuasca-in-treatmentresistant-depression-a-randomized-placebocontrolled-trial/E67A8A4BBE4F5F14DE8552DB9A0CBC97) looked at rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression. The study concluded that \"significant antidepressant effects of ayahuasca, when compared with placebo at all time, points… and brings new evidence supporting the safety and therapeutic value of ayahuasca, dosed within an appropriate setting, to help treat depression.\"\n\nResearchers agree that the resetting of the DMN may play a significant role in reducing mental disorder symptoms. A study by the Imperial College of London tracked experiential responses within 20 participants while consuming LSD. Brain scans indicated that while under the influence, separate portions of the brain made new connections with one another while the DMN was mainly in sleep mode.  \n\nBut how does this happen?\n\n### Psychedelics: Effects on the Human Brain\n\nPsychedelics, such as psilocybin, LSD, and DMT (ayahuasca) act as serotonin receptor agonists. When you consume a psychedelic, such as magic mushrooms, the active ingredient psilocin creates the psychedelic \"trip\" we experience.\n\nSeratonin receptor agonists do not harm the brain; they naturally bind with the serotonin receptors within our minds. Psilocin, for instance, is a replica of the serotonin molecule we produce. It does not harm the receptor and is a copy of serotonin, which is often called 'the happy chemical', as it contributes to our sense of well-being.\n\nOnce the serotonin agonist binds to our serotonin receptors, something remarkable happens. [A 2012 study](https://www.pnas.org/content/109/6/2138.abstract) at the Imperial College of Medicine found that after psilocybin was administered, blood flow decreased to the DMN interrupting normal activities. When this occurs, neuroplasticity within the brain begins.\n\nAs the DMN's capacity diminishes, normal signals within the brain are not able to run down the same neural networks. As a result, the brain automatically creates new neural pathways and alternative ways to exchange information. \n\nResearchers from [a 2014 follow on study](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyAgx_tzh80&feature=youtu.be) observed when the DMN is suppressed by psychedelics, the overall communication of neurons within the brain is wildly enhanced. New connections are made across the brain, essentially creating \"cross-talk,\" which is usually unavailable to us. The long-range effect is that separate areas of the brain connect and process information differently. fMRI scans show that brains under the influence of certain psychedelics resemble the minds of people who have active meditation practices.\n\nWhen we switch off the DMN, we unlock new potential within the brain. Some liken psychedelics to a \"reset button,\" allowing us to return to a more childlike mindset, and to see the world in a new way. It's believed that the brain's capacity to reset itself and create new forms of communication in lieu of the DMN, is one of the primary reasons psychedelics may be a solution for so many treatment-resistant mental health disorders.\n\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/14b42/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg","srcSet":"/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/f836f/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg 200w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/2244e/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg 400w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/14b42/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg 800w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/47498/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg 1200w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/0e329/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg 1600w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/6a059/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.jpg 6000w","srcWebp":"/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/58556/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/61e93/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp 200w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/1f5c5/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp 400w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/58556/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp 800w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/99238/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp 1200w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/7c22d/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp 1600w,\n/static/2b54e75554d40188a1827e39523e7755/3041e/e65270ca336598e9cad372c11be4f9a5.webp 6000w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3030-markdown","title":"How Microdosing Cannabis May Help Ease Depression","slug":"how-microdosing-cannabis-may-help-ease-depression","content":"Many folks say cannabis helps them feel better. For a while now, cannabis—and namely [tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)](https://www.hellomd.com/tag/thc)—has been found to help uplift mood and ease depression.\n\nBut sometimes **too much THC** can lead to people feeling anxious, jittery, and even more down—not exactly the effects those suffering from depression are looking for in their medical marijuana. \n\nBut there’s a way to take cannabis to help relieve depression: **[microdosing](https://www.hellomd.com/tag/microdosing)**. And guess what? It’s backed by science.\n\n![Hello3.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Hello3_de8707650f.png)\n\n### [Microdosing 101](https://www.hellomd.com/tag/microdosing)\n\nMicrodosing is the practice of taking a minimal amount of some substance to achieve the effects you want. So, with cannabis, individuals may consume very small amounts of the plant throughout the day to feel happier or to [relieve pain](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/cannabis-a-workplace-solution-for-chronic-pain). \n\nBecause the doses are so low (most people start with 2–3 mg of THC per serving), microdosing allows folks to experience the [cannabinoids](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/cannabinoids-chemical-compounds-with-huge-therapeutic-potential) benefits without feeling high. \n\nMany people, including **HelloMD** co-founder [Pamela Hadfield](https://www.linkedin.com/in/pamela-hadfield-19a986), rely on microdosing to feel better while still being able to function. For Pamela, microdosing cannabis several times a day means she can be fully present for her three kids and help run a business without the debilitating [migraines](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/new-study-finds-cannabis-effective-in-treatment-for-migraines) that plagued her for decades. Since she started microdosing cannabis, she’s been migraine-free. \n\n![Hello1.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Hello1_63481b85e9.png)\n\n### What Does the Science Say About Microdosing Marijuana?\n*You may be thinking: If some cannabis can help me, wouldn’t more cannabis help me more?*\n\nWell, you have to take into account something called the **biphasic effect**. This phenomenon is when [a substance provides benefits until the dose becomes too big](https://www.labroots.com/trending/cannabis-sciences/11870/biphasic-effect-cannabinoids-controls-dosing). At this point, people start experiencing the opposite of the intended effects. \n\nSo, for someone with depression, a little bit of cannabis may help them feel more positive and motivated with higher energy levels. But too much cannabis could result in:\n\n* Paranoia\n* Anxiety \n* Negative thoughts\n\nResearchers think a too-large dose of cannabis actually shuts off [cannabinoid receptors](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/beyond-the-cb1-and-cb2-cannabis-receptors-trpv1-and-gpr55). So, the receptors found throughout the body that are supposed to interact with cannabinoids like THC and cannabidiol (CBD) to bring relief aren’t available anymore. \n\nThere have also been some studies that seem to back up the effectiveness of smaller marijuana doses over larger ones. One study from 2013 looked at [low doses of vaporized cannabis to relieve neuropathic pain](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3566631/). Subjects were split into three groups: \n\n* One that consumed low doses of cannabis\n* Another that took medium doses of marijuana\n* A third group was given a placebo \n\nResearchers concluded that there was virtual **no difference** in pain relief between the low-dose and medium-dose groups. So, folks suffering from depression and who are worried about cannabis making their symptoms worse should keep in mind that they can feel better physically and mentally from just a small amount of marijuana. \n\n![Hello5-min (13).png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Hello5_min_13_e337a89a80.png)\n\n### How to Microdose Cannabis for Depression\n\nWhen it comes to consuming cannabis for therapeutic purposes, the first step is to figure out exactly what you need it for. Depression can look different to different people, so your goal may be just to feel happier or more relaxed. Or it may be to have the motivation to perform certain tasks or to socialize outside of the home. Whatever it is for you, having a clear picture of your goal is a good first step. \n\nThen comes a little bit of experimentation. Since cannabis affects everyone differently, the [marijuana strains](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/) and delivery methods that make your friend feel good may not make you feel the same way. \n\nYou can ask friends, family members, and even customer service folks where you buy your cannabis products if they can recommend specific cannabis strains and consumption methods. But know that it’ll probably take a period of trial and error to find out what works best for you.\n\n![Hello1-min (19).png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Hello1_min_19_7ffdcd5854.png)\n\n### Cannabis Strains You Can Microdose to Help With Depression\n\nIn general, THC seems to have antidepressant qualities. Yet, there are some data that suggest the opposite.\n\nOne study from 2018 reviewing self-reported data and published in the _Journal of Affective Disorders_ found that [cannabis low in THC and high in CBD seemed to reduce depression symptoms](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032718303100), while patients reported that high-THC/high-CBD cannabis worked best against stress.\n\nStill, most folks suffering from depression report that it’s the THC that helps them the most. A number of cannabis strains rich in THC are available for you to try, including:\n\n* [OG Kush](https://hellomd.com/strains/og-kush), a cannabis strain that helps boost mood and relax the body \n* [Super Lemon Haze](https://hellomd.com/strains/super-lemon-haze), which has a high percentage of the [cannabis terpene limonene](https://hellomd.com/articles/know-your-cannabis-terpenes-limonene), also shown to produce uplifting effects  \n\nIf you’re a bit nervous about trying high-THC strains, you can opt for a Sativa-dominant hybrid strain like:\n\n* [Blue Dream](https://hellomd.com/strains/blue-dream),\na well-balanced cannabis strain and a fan favorite that consumers say imparts a calm euphoric feeling \n* [Jillybean](https://hellomd.com/strains/jillybean), a hybrid marijuana strain with a moderate THC content that’s widely reported as having positive effects on mood\n\n![Hello1-min (11).png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Hello1_min_11_c6f6ddbd47.png)\n\n### Delivery Methods to Consider When Microdosing Marijuana for Depression\n\nYou’ll also want to consider the way in which you consume your cannabis. If you’re not able to or don’t want to smoke, maybe **vaping** will work best for you. If you’d rather not inhale your cannabis, you may want to try a **tincture** or **edibles**if they’re available to you. \n\nThese options are easy to take, delicious, and come in small doses, making them a cinch to microdose. \n\nOnce you’ve decided on what you want to try, take a very small amount and wait to see how you feel. Make sure you understand the basics of the delivery method you’ve chosen. **Smoking** or **vaping** cannabis tends to impart effects almost immediately, so you’ll be able to tell pretty soon after consuming how the cannabis makes you feel.\n\nMeanwhile, **tinctures** when consumed sublingually (or under the tongue) take about 15–20 minutes to go into effect. This is because the cannabinoids enter the bloodstream via the porous mucus membranes in your mouth.\n\nAnd **edibles** take even longer—anywhere from 45 minutes to two hours—because your liver has to process them before the cannabinoids reach your bloodstream. That said, the effects from edibles and tinctures typically last longer than the effects from vaping or smoking cannabis do.\n\nYou may want to think about keeping a cannabis diary as you start to experiment with microdosing. It’s hard to always remember what you took, how long you waited before consuming another dose, and exactly how it made you feel in the moment. If you take notes on your experience, you’ll have an easier time making the necessary adjustments in the future. \n\nIt goes without saying that you should start with as low a dose as you feel comfortable with. Some people may even only need a milligram or two of THC to feel some benefits. If you’re going with a cannabis edible, you can always cut that gummy or chocolate in half or even into a smaller piece to consume the amount that you want.\n\n**One final tip**: Keep some [CBD](https://www.hellomd.com/tag/cbd) on hand as you experiment to find your ideal cannabis microdose. **CBD counteracts the effects of THC**, so if you find yourself in a situation where you’ve consumed more THC than you wanted to and are starting to feel anxious or paranoid, a dose of CBD can have you feeling calm and relaxed in a matter of minutes.\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://hellomd.com/articles/cannabis-101-what-you-need-to-know-about-marijuana) index of articles.\n\n### Get a Medical Marijuana Card Online\n\nIt's easy to get your medical marijuana document with the online [Telehealth service HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/get-started/). Register, pay, and receive an online medical consultation with a licensed practitioner and purchase medical cannabis today. You don't pay unless you're approved!","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3888888888888888,"src":"/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/14b42/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg","srcSet":"/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/f836f/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg 200w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/2244e/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg 400w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/14b42/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg 800w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/47498/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg 1200w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/0e329/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg 1600w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/391cf/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.jpg 1772w","srcWebp":"/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/58556/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/61e93/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp 200w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/1f5c5/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp 400w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/58556/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp 800w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/99238/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp 1200w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/7c22d/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp 1600w,\n/static/51ee9014a18eff8ca2ef6170f2c36eb8/edb99/565579be92600130270cd65158017938.webp 1772w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3018-markdown","title":"How CBD Can Improve Your Emotional Well-Being","slug":"how-cbd-can-improve-your-emotional-well-being","content":"Peace of mind is something we all want, but it eludes many of us. The statistics themselves are, quite frankly, depressing: One in five American adults struggles with some form of mental illness. \n\nAnxiety and depression—two common mental health disorders—can greatly damage the state of our physical and emotional well-being. The World Health Organization ranks [depression as the single largest cause of disability worldwide](https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254610/WHO-MSD-MER-2017.2-eng.pdf;jsessionid=DC8F3A8204A9DFAE7A9F944BA2D9BCCE?sequence=1), while anxiety disorders are ranked sixth.\n\nEven low-level depression and anxiety can leave us nominally functioning, while still taking a toll even if no one else sees it.\n\nWhile more stringent research needs to be done, there’s growing evidence suggesting that cannabidiol (CBD) can play an effective role in addressing mental health issues, such as:\n\n* Depression\n* Anxiety\n* Stress\n* PTSD\n* Feelings of isolation\n* Mood swings \n* Psychosis\n\n### Traditional Treatments for Anxiety & Depression\n\nDoctors often prescribe pharmaceutical drugs to treat anxiety and depression. These drugs can carry side effects, including:\n\n* Drowsiness\n* Agitation\n* Insomnia\n* Sexual dysfunction\n* Headaches\n \nAnd these medications, such as benzodiazepines, can also be addictive and may lead to serious substance abuse issues. This is why so many people are now looking for a more natural approach to addressing their mental health issues and improving their emotional well-being. \n\nEnter CBD. \n\n### CBD Helps Retain Our Bliss Molecules\n\nAn article in _Psychology Today_ by naturopathic doctor Peter Bongiorno points out that CBD oil, which doesn’t make consumers feel high like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can, is a natural, plant-based oil laden with cannabinoids.\n\nSome cannabinoids, called phytocannabinoids, come from plants. Meanwhile, our bodies naturally produce other cannabinoids, called endocannabinoids.\n\nHe explains, “[[Endo]cannabinoids are ‘feel good’ molecules naturally made by the body](https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/inner-source/201901/cbd-oil-mental-health-should-you-take-it-too) when we are feeling relaxed and secure or involved in something that makes us happy, like hugging someone we care about or sitting down to a meal we are looking forward to. \n\n“Cannabinoids are also released when we sleep well and exercise. Cannabinoids bind to little docking stations in our bodies called cannabinoid receptors that help stimulate those feel good responses. Discovered in 1992, the main cannabinoid molecule is called anandamide, which is translated from the Sanskrit as ‘bliss molecule.’”\n\nCannabinoids play a strong role in keeping our bodies balanced. Research suggests that CBD helps prevent the breakdown of anandamide in our bodies, leaving us with more of the bliss molecule and, as a result, feeling happier.\n\n### Animal Studies Show CBD May Have Antidepressant Properties\n\nThe Depression Alliance explains that when cannabinoids bind to certain receptors, they can boost the activity of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that’s been shown to uplift mood and reduce stress levels. [CBD specifically has been shown to amplify serotonin’s effects](https://www.depressionalliance.org/cbd-oil/), because it boosts the activity of the receptors that serotonin binds to. \n\nRELATED: [HOW CBD CAN RELIEVE SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION](https://hellomd.com/articles/how-cbd-can-relieve-symptoms-of-depression/)\n\nResearch from 2014 indicates that [CBD interacts positively with serotonin receptors in the brain](https://cbd-b.be/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/2014-Antidepressant-Like-and-Anxiolytic-Like-Effects-of-Cannabidiol.pdf), helping keep serotonin levels balanced— an important therapy for people suffering from depression.\n\nAnother study, this one from 2018, suggests that [CBD holds promise as a quick-acting antidepressant](https://www.drperlmutter.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/CBD-BDNF.pdf). The study also found that CBD produced long-lasting anti-depressant effects. \n\nHowever, it should be noted that these are both animal studies, and so we really need human trials to verify their findings.\n\n### Human Studies Confirm CBD Can Help Ease Anxiety\n\nThere are human studies showing that CBD may be useful in treating panic disorders, which affect about 5% of the world’s population. Panic disorders are characterized by sudden, recurring panic attacks. _Medical News Today_ points out that [a 2017 review found “positive results” for the benefits of CBD in helping with anxiety issues](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324846.php). \n\nOne study in the review showed that “a single dose of 300 mg of CBD caused a notable decrease in anxiety levels after a simulated public speaking test.” Meanwhile, another study found that “600 mg of CBD caused a significant reduction of anxiety measures in people with social anxiety disorder.” It should be noted that these amounts of CBD are well over a typical single dose of the cannabinoid. \n\n### CBD Can Be Part of a Balanced Approach to Coping With Mental Health Issues\n\nWhile CBD shows promise in helping us achieve emotional well-being, Peter Bongiorno in _Psychology Today_ reminds us that it isn’t a cure-all but an important tool in a well-balanced approach: \n\n“I always recommend not simply taking supplements for anxiety, but making dietary and lifestyle changes, and adopting stress-relieving rituals and therapies to bring full healing to your body. Also, visit with your doctor on a regular basis or when issues pop up. While CBD is a very good supplement, I find its power is enhanced when combined with natural modifications.”\n\nPhoto credit: Peera_stockfoto/Shutterstock.com\n\nWant to try CBD, but don’t know where to start? [Shop our selection of high-quality, lab-tested CBD products](https://hellomd.com/) and have them shipped to your door. And if you have questions about CBD, [ask them](https://hellomd.com/questions-and-answers/) and our community will answer.\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3888888888888888,"src":"/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/14b42/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg","srcSet":"/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/f836f/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg 200w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/2244e/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg 400w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/14b42/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg 800w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/47498/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg 1200w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/0e329/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg 1600w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/ffa36/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.jpg 1773w","srcWebp":"/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/58556/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/61e93/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp 200w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/1f5c5/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp 400w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/58556/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp 800w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/99238/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp 1200w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/7c22d/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp 1600w,\n/static/63020423980899d6d6f847accccccb18/d1528/3a0b7d06d467d06f71c57b92bd7605c1.webp 1773w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2913-markdown","title":"How CBD Can Help With Mood Disorders","slug":"how-cbd-can-help-with-mood-disorders","content":"Mood disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder affect millions of people of all ages, even children. Prescription medications designed to target neurotransmitters in the brain that produce emotional responses like sadness, anger or happiness are usually what’s prescribed to treat these conditions. \n\nBut recent research reveals that imbalances in the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) could play a major role in developing mood disorders—and that the cannabis compound cannabidiol (CBD) may be as effective as pharmaceuticals are for treating some kinds of mood dysfunctions.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_us/?utm_medium=copy_link/)\n\n### What Causes Mood Disorders?\n\n[Mood disorders are a group of mental health conditions](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/mental_health_disorders/overview_of_mood_disorders_85,P00759) that are characterized by emotional states not  consistent with current circumstances. They can result in persistent feelings of sadness, irritability or a sudden swing into manic euphoria. \n\nThis group includes all types of depressive disorders, such as:\n\n* **Major depressive disorder**: a condition of persistent sadness, low energy and trouble managing the demands of daily life\n* **Dysthymia**: a constant, chronic form of depression\n* **Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)**: a depression associated with winter and lack of sunlight\n* **Depressions related to medical conditions**: including chronic health conditions such as Parkinson’s disease or multiple sclerosis\n* **Depressions related to medication use**\n\nBut another kind of mood disorder also includes periods of extreme euphoria and hyperactivity. For those with bipolar disorder, or a similar condition called cyclothymia, depression alternates with periods of excessive energy, feelings of extreme self-confidence and racing thoughts. \n\nBoth major depression and bipolar disorder can have mixed features, too. What this means is that a person with depression can also experience some aspects of mania, while a person with bipolar disorder can have some ongoing symptoms of depression.\n\nMany factors contribute to the development of mood disorders, including genetics, trauma and even environmental conditions, such as in seasonal affective disorder. But in all of these disorders, brain chemistry plays a key role. \n\nDepressive states are associated with low levels of the feel-good chemicals serotonin and dopamine. Meanwhile, the manic states of bipolar and cyclothymic disorder can be linked to excessive amounts of serotonin and the excitatory neurotransmitter norepinephrine.\n\nMedications aimed at restoring balance in the brain’s signaling systems are what’s generally prescribed for mood disorders. Several types of antidepressant medications target serotonin and norepinephrine. These include: \n\n* **Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)**: a class of antidepressants that block or slow the reuptake, or reabsorption, of serotonin and noradrenaline, so that more of these chemicals are available to the brain\n* **Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)**: a type of drug that specifically blocks the reabsorption of serotonin\n* **Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)**: a group of medications that block the action of a brain enzyme called monoamine oxidase, which breaks down serotonin so that less of it’s available to the brain\n* **Tricyclic antidepressants and mood stabilizers**: these medications include lithium, which can help level out the mood swings of bipolar and cyclothymic disorders\n\nMany of the medications used to treat mood disorders work, because they target the production and uptake of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine. But CBD also affects the signaling of those chemicals in some surprising ways. And this is why a growing body of research now suggests that it can help people with depressive mood disorders to reduce their intake of prescription medications or even stop taking them altogether.\n\nRELATED: [HOW CANNABIS CAN HELP MANAGE DEPRESSION](https://hellomd.com/articles/how-cannabis-can-help-manage-depression/)\n\n### The Endocannabinoid System Keeps Moods in Balance\n\nHumans and other mammals have an extensive network of ECS receptors that respond both to cannabinoid-like chemicals produced by the body itself and to cannabinoids from other sources, mainly from the cannabis plant. \n\nThe [ECS is essential in maintaining homeostasis](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23261685), or making sure that all of the many subsystems in the body are working in balance. This includes the [processes for regulating mood and emotion]( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21916860).\n\nSo far, scientists have discovered two ECS receptors, which are found throughout the body and brain. They’re triggered by two natural cannabinoids, which produce feelings of calm and relaxation: \n\n* Anandamide \n* 2-AG\n\nBut the body also responds to the two most abundant cannabinoids in the cannabis plant: CBD and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). \n\n### CBD Works in Many Ways to Regulate Mood \n\nTHC, which is responsible for the psychoactive high loved by many marijuana consumers, directly activates cannabinoid receptors in the brain. \n\nBut [CBD works in very different ways](https://www.projectcbd.org/science/cannabis-pharmacology/how-cbd-work\\). This cannabinoid [acts on multiple pathways in the brain](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30515077) to affect the activity of the essential mood-regulating chemicals, serotonin and norepinephrine.\n\n### CBD Affects Serotonin Receptors\n\nThe serotonin receptor 5HT1A is one of a family of 5HT receptors that affect a long list of processes including:\n\n* Anxiety\n* Appetite\n* Sleep \n* Addiction\n\nSerotonin activates this receptor. And so does CBD, thereby producing the same effects. In this way, CBD can supplement the brain’s own production of serotonin and encourage the calming, mood-lifting effects of this feel-good chemical.\n\n### CBD Supports GABA Production\n\nGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the brain’s main inhibitory neurotransmitter. This means that it can damp down the effects of excitatory chemicals like norepinephrine and cortisol to produce a calming effect. CBD is a positive modulator for GABA, so that it supports the production and expression of GABA in the brain.\n\n### CBD Supports Natural Cannabinoids\n\nAnandamide is a natural cannabinoid that promotes feelings of well-being and calm. And researchers now believe it may be partly responsible for the runner’s high that comes from exercise. But its presence in the brain is usually short-lived, because it’s broken down quickly by another chemical called FAAH. \n\nCBD inhibits the action of FAAH, so that anandamide is broken down more slowly and remains available in the brain for a longer time.\n\nRELATED: [EATING ANANDAMIDE: THE BLISS MOLECULE](https://hellomd.com/articles/eating-anandamide-the-bliss-molecule/)\n\n### Treating Mood Disorders With CBD\n\nBecause CBD so strongly supports the production of mood-boosting neurotransmitters, particularly serotonin, research suggests that for some people with depressive mood disorders, it can be as effective as prescription medications are. \n\nBut HelloMD’s Dr. Richard Kim cautions that for those very reasons, CBD isn’t appropriate for people whose mood disorders include manic episodes.\n\n“CBD mimics serotonin,” says Dr. Kim, “and elevated serotonin is associated with triggering or worsening a manic episode. Bipolar depression, cyclothymia, major depressive disorder with mixed features or any condition that involves mania or hypomania should not be treated with CBD.”\n\nBut folks with mood disorders that don’t have a manic component can safely take CBD in any form—smoking, vaping, sublingually or with edibles. Since cannabis can affect people in different ways at different dosages, you may need to experiment a bit to find the dosage that works for you. It’s wise to start small and observe the point at which your symptoms improve.\n\nSome people prefer to take CBD alongside their prescription medications as a way to reduce their consumption of those drugs as well as reduce their side effects and risks. According to Dr. Kim, CBD is safe to take with most antidepressants, but the dose depends on the class of drugs you’re taking.  \n\nAbout 20 mg of CBD three times a day can work well with drugs from the SSRI and SNRI classes. But if you’re taking tricyclic antidepressants or MAOIs, Dr. Kim recommends smaller and more frequent doses of CBD, such as 5 mg three or four times a day. As always, it may take some time to find the right combination that works for you.\n\nMood disorders can have many causes, but research reveals that typical symptoms such as sadness, loss of interest in life and low energy arise from imbalances in the brain’s handling of serotonin and other mood-related chemicals. \n\nBecause CBD supports the activity of these mood-boosting chemicals, it has the power to ease the symptoms of many different kinds of mood disorders.\n\nPhoto credit: [Brunel Johnson](https://unsplash.com/@brunels_world)\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://hellomd.com/articles/cannabis-101-what-you-need-to-know-about-marijuana/) index of articles. And if you have questions about cannabis, [ask them](https://hellomd.com/questions-and-answers/) and our community will answer.\n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3793103448275863,"src":"/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/14b42/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/f836f/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg 200w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/2244e/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg 400w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/14b42/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg 800w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/47498/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg 1200w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/0e329/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg 1600w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/db203/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.jpg 3642w","srcWebp":"/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/58556/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/61e93/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp 200w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/1f5c5/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp 400w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/58556/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp 800w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/99238/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp 1200w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/7c22d/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp 1600w,\n/static/b852541f23c4445c34e188b26e01a384/62b7a/096ca31689613a214c3d14418fe85960.webp 3642w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}}]}},"pageContext":{"limit":12,"skip":12,"numPages":5,"currentPage":2,"id":5187,"name":"Depression","slug":"depression","country":"US"}},"staticQueryHashes":["3949754563","4179947113","4202924991"]}