{"componentChunkName":"component---common-build-tags-template-js","path":"/tag/endocannabinoid/","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"Article_3927-markdown","title":"Men, Weed and Sex","slug":"men-weed-and-sex","content":"While sexual openness has been building over the 21st century, it's still an ongoing discussion of whether or not partners should try bringing marijuana into the bedroom - especially for men. \n\nAs weed becomes more commonplace in many Americans' daily lives, we would be remiss not to break down exactly what marijuana can and cannot do for men and their sex life. \n\n![Untitled72-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled72_min_5c0364c719.png)\n\n### How Weed Helps Men With Sex\n\nCannabis triggers the body's dopamine receptors, similar to when you have sex.\n\nWhen men combine weed and sex in the bedroom, [they have reported](https://www.marijuanamoment.net/marijuana-gives-men-and-women-more-sexual-desire-and-better-orgasms-study-finds/) more intense orgasms, as well as an increased desire for sex, the same goes for women, and we all know that a happy partner means a more pleasant sexual experience. \n \n [A 2019 study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31447385/) asked respondents questions about cannabis and sex and found the following: \n\n- Nearly 75% of respondents said weed increased their desire for sex\n- 75% also said cannabis increased their sensitivity to touch \n- 65% reported increased intensity of orgasms \n- 70% said weed helped them relax \n- Half responded that marijuana helped them focus during sex\n\nFor those already experiencing problems in the bedroom due to conditions like depression, [anxiety](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/holistic-ways-to-ease-depression-and-anxiety), or [chronic pain](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/8-natural-ways-to-combat-chronic-pain) — marijuana can help bring a spark back to your sexual life. \n\n[A study on the relationship between cannabis and erectile dysfunction](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893937/) (ED) found that one of the possible causes of ED when using weed can be attributed to the endocannabinoid system. This is because cannabis binds to receptors in the hypothalamus (an area of the brain), which regulates erectile function and sexual behavior. \n \nThe study also found that this connection between weed and the male hypothalamus may also \"explain why cannabis can improve sexual function in some patients affected by conditions or symptoms such as depression, anxiety disorder, and pain.\"\n \nWhile ED is a potential side effect of cannabis use during sex, it's avoidable in many cases. We'll dive into that later on. \n\nBut for those with conditions that already impact sex, weed can spark the sexual desire in the brain again — the science provides clear evidence of this. \n\n![Untitled70-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled70_min_65492e35b7.png)\n\n### How Weed Can Negatively Affect Sex \n\nWhile cannabis is resoundingly positive for many men and their sex lives, it doesn't come without the potential for some negative effects. Keep in mind cannabis is easy to overconsume. The best way to avoid any weed-related issues is to start slow with low dosages. \n\nThe most common adverse side effect of weed and sex is that it can cause erectile dysfunction (ED) in some men. However, there are conflicting studies on this topic.\n\n[The clearest understanding of ED and cannabis](https://www.goodrx.com/well-being/substance-use/can-weed-cause-ed-or-infertility) is that moderate marijuana use won't cause ED, but overuse may have an effect.\n\nIt's easy to over-consume cannabis, especially if you're not a regular consumer, but there are tips, products, and strains that minimize this risk such as:\n\n- Ask a doctor or budtender for advice on products to fit your needs\n- Start with lower THC products\n- Consume a small quantity of marijuana to start \n- Use CBD with THC to [combat feelings of anxiety](https://www.hellomd.com/articles/understanding-how-cbd-can-calm-your-anxiety) and stress \n\n### Top Marijuana Strains for Sex\n\nCreating the perfect sexual experience with cannabis often boils down to choosing a cannabis strain that best suits you. The marijuana strains listed below are ideal, but try them out and choose the one(s) that you feel work best. \n\n![Untitled74-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled74_min_c525d7b976.png)\n\n### Super Lemon Haze\n[Super Lemon Haze](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/super-lemon-haze) contains one particularly important terpene for sex — limonene. Limonene is known to increase your sex drive while simultaneously reducing stress and relaxing the body. With a THC range of 15-25%, this strain should be used in smaller doses immediately before sexual activity. \n\n![Untitled75-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled75_min_387d731f2f.png)\n\n### Durban Poison\n[Durban Poison](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/durban-poison) is another high-level limonene marijuana strain. The high from Durban Poison is often associated with clear-headedness and enhanced ability to focus. For those seeking enhanced libido and ability to focus on their partner, give this strain a try before hopping in bed. \n\n![Untitled76-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled76_min_12a90a9fd5.png)\n\n### Golden Goat\n[Golden Goat](https://hellomd.ca/strains/golden-goat) is a common strain in Colorado dispensaries. The weed contains 1-2% CBD which can help combat any negative mental effects associated with consuming cannabis. This sativa-dominant hybrid provides a boost in both mood and energy to set the mood.\n\n![Untitled77-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled77_min_6913702ae4.png)\n\n### Harlequin\nFor first-time smokers or less than regular cannabis consumers, [Harlequin](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/harlequin) is a great strain to try out before sex. This marijuana strain boasts 8-6% CBD and much lower THC, meaning you can enjoy consuming it before sex with minimal risk of erectile dysfunction. You'll feel a more mild effect, but still enjoy the sexual stimulation and enhanced sensory impact that many other strains provide. \n\n![Untitled78-min.png](https://hellomd-cms.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Untitled78_min_6fbab04333.png)\n\n### Blue Dream\n[Blue Dream](https://www.hellomd.com/strains/blue-dream) is an excellent option for more experienced marijuana users. It has a mid-level range of THC and provides a long-lasting, balanced high that can bring out euphoric effects when coupled with sex. Blue Dream is both relaxing and mentally stimulating, so you can focus on your partner while enjoying the moment. \n\nAs scientists continue their research on the ties between sex and weed, you're free to do your experimentation. Try different products and strains with varying effects. And always remember to start slow and enjoy more as the night goes on. \n\nEspecially for those dealing with conditions that make sex difficult, cannabis is a safe, enjoyable plant to add to your sexual lifestyle. \n\n### Get Your Medical Document & Purchase Medical Cannabis\n\nIt's easy to get your medical document with the online [Telehealth service HelloMD](https://hellomd.com/get-started). Register, pay, and receive an online medical consultation with a licensed practitioner and start purchasing medical cannabis today.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/14b42/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg","srcSet":"/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/f836f/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg 200w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/2244e/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg 400w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/14b42/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg 800w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/47498/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg 1200w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/0e329/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg 1600w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/c0628/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.jpg 5273w","srcWebp":"/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/58556/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/61e93/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp 200w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/1f5c5/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp 400w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/58556/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp 800w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/99238/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp 1200w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/7c22d/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp 1600w,\n/static/f201c5abec416d98231c0d450004a3c1/344be/4a8c68d89b9252f37277310475dd6394.webp 5273w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_3102-markdown","title":"Purchasing CBD Products – What's Real and What's Fake?","slug":"purchasing-cbd-products-whats-real-and-whats-fake","content":"The CBD trend has gone global, and currently it seems as if everyone has something to say about the health benefits found within this cannabinoid from the cannabis plant. Maybe you've heard the stories of CBD stopping children from having seizures or your next-door neighbor has told you it's helping her with her crippling anxiety. \n\nDue to the word-of-mouth viral nature of CBD, there's a dizzying array of new products hitting the shelves daily. With this flurry of new products, including such far-flung concepts as a CBD infused clothing line, it's hard to know which CBD product may have real therapeutic benefit vs. a bottle of snake oil jumping on the marketing bandwagon.\n\n### CBD Benefits\n\nCBD, or cannabidiol, is one of the most prevalent cannabinoids within the cannabis plant. This cannabinoid, unlike THC, is non-intoxicating, which is one of the many reasons it's gained mainstream popularity so quickly. Research has shown CBD to be an excellent [anti-inflammatory](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3371734/) \n, an [anti-spasmodic](https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-drug-comprised-active-ingredient-derived-marijuana-treat-rare-severe-forms) \n, and it helps many people combat anxiety effectively. Some new studies have shown it helps combat [chronic pain](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3371734/) \n and may be beneficial for some [neurological symptoms](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22716160l) \n, as well as help in the fight with certain types of [addiction](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23685330) \n, among other positive benefits. To be clear, CBD is not a cure for any health condition, but many people have found CBD to help with symptoms caused by a medical condition. Overall, CBD seems to be a positive therapeutic addition to a wellness routine with minimal, if any, side effects.\n\n### How It Works\n\nWithin our body, we have an [endocannabinoid system](https://hellomd.com/blogs/articles/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system) full of CB1 and CB2 receptors. These receptors are found in the brain, organs, connective tissue, glands, and immune cells, and are essential to the function of almost all parts of the human body. It's believed that CB1 receptors, which are related to mood, pain, movement, emotions, appetite, and other functions, react more readily to the cannabinoid THC. CB2 receptors are related to inflammation, the immune system as well as also pain, and are thought to interact more efficiently with CBD. \n\nOur body produces endocannabinoids which interact with our CB1 and CB2 receptors, likewise, these same receptors respond to the phyto cannabinoids produced within the cannabis plant. It's believed that cannabinoids, whether created within our body, or from the cannabis plant, help to create homeostasis within our body. When we introduce phyto cannabinoids into our body, we stimulate or mimic our own cannabinoid production, and we may also increase the actual number of receptors within our body. This interaction is thought to be the reason why CBD has such widespread therapeutic benefits.\n\n### What to Look for in a Product\n\nWhen selecting a CBD product for purchase, you need to look at several different factors and be a skeptical consumer. CBD is unregulated almost everywhere in the world, so your first concern should be your safety. When considering a purchase, find out whether the product has been lab tested. A reputable brand or retailer should be able to point you to evidence of lab testing, which indicates whether pesticides or other toxic chemicals are present. If you are unable to see that a product has been lab tested, you should walk away quickly. The hemp plant, where CBD on the market comes from, is a [bio-accumulator](https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/can-hemp-clean-up-the-earth-629589/), which means it soaks in the composition from the ground it's planted within, including any toxins from within the soil.\n\nAnother factor to consider is whether the amount of CBD listed is what is present within the product. A recent study posted on [Leafly](https://www.leafly.com/news/strains-products/cbd-oil-test-results?mc_cid=e33ecaa7bc&mc_eid=4b5505706f)\nshowed that out of 47 CBD products tested, only half contained within 20% of the advertised amount of CBD. Five of the 47 products contained no CBD at all. \n\nBesides the safety issues, if you're looking to gain therapeutic benefit from CBD, you need to assess what you're trying to achieve. If you have a skin condition, such as eczema, a good place to start is a topical, such as a lotion or a soap. If you have an autoimmune condition, such as Chron's disease, a tincture may be more appropriate. There are many different methods of consumption, so you need to think about how each may affect you and what works best for your lifestyle.\n\n### Throwing Money Out the Window\n\nIf CBD is beneficial due to its interaction with our endocannabinoid system, or ECS, then you need to think of how CBD works within the body. To have any positive benefit, CBD needs to be binding to your CB2 receptors which reside within the body's organs and tissue. So, if you're looking at a CBD infused mascara, you're wasting your money. CBD infused shampoo, pretty much the same. CBD candles, clothing, nail polish, and so on, you as the buyer need to beware.\n\n\nPhoto credit: [Pete Moore](https://www.flickr.com/photos/181956921@N04/48118206383/in/photolist-2gj3okZ-APRhFh-Nv8Kww-2h8RcNj-2hjyLa7-vDSiRR-V3w6oH-NePhYo-Ng5ijX-2hP9jxi-NePF9A-2gdZdoE-23sJtEj-NVWFaQ-PgKoy7-29a2fQn-2hhZ7wD-2d3suFe-xfwvn6-2hKkV3Z-2hKkV7B-JrnNR5-25YPQjE-Thkcct-WfmVLY-2g8qNSg-Q6vvFd-2hGnnwm-27SNiFt-S4Zorx-YuvVBq-QkhARj-2hKpEvU-VKonKP-SaBypG-2gtYiXB-2hKkV6e-2hKkV4A-2hiwkAr-JtU5Ah-VXVTf1-RM939L-29BPE4P-HH9S14-2ayL42k-HVgbjw-GVWDA6-NcHZgA-2gk9pb7-2erBy5C/)/Flickr","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.4388489208633093,"src":"/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/14b42/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.jpg","srcSet":"/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/f836f/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.jpg 200w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/2244e/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.jpg 400w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/14b42/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.jpg 800w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/47498/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.jpg 1200w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/19493/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.jpg 1592w","srcWebp":"/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/58556/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/61e93/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.webp 200w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/1f5c5/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.webp 400w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/58556/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.webp 800w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/99238/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.webp 1200w,\n/static/d9dd95b0a5f1eec834840b22f5c95e2c/af18f/907425a0067e71ae20480f0b8fceed90.webp 1592w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2739-markdown","title":"How Cannabis Can Keep You Healthy Via Your Gut Microbiome","slug":"how-cannabis-can-keep-you-healthy-via-your-gut-microbiome","content":"Since the early 2000s, our knowledge on the gut microbiome has soared: We now know that microbes in our digestive system can influence our immune response, metabolism and even our mental health. \n\nGiven that our gut health seems to be interconnected with many systems in our body, it makes sense that the endocannabinoid system (ECS)—and the components that work on it, like cannabis—can affect our gut microbiome as well.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### The Connection Between the Endocannabinoid System & the Gut Microbiome \n\nThe network of receptors in our body that make up the ECS plays a key role in a number of life processes like eating, sleeping and handling stress. Cannabinoids, like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), found in cannabis act on this system to produce therapeutic effects such as pain and stress relief. Our bodies also make cannabinoids that attach to this system; they’re known as endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids, and the two that are most studied are anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG). \n\nBoth cannabinoids from cannabis and those made by our bodies, attach to receptors in the endocannabinoid system. The two receptors that are the most well-studied and prevalent are CB1 and CB2. \n\nStudies show that [microorganisms in the gut can control levels of endocannabinoids by influencing different parts of the endocannabinoid system](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26678807), including the CB1 receptor, and the enzymes that breakdown AEA and 2AG. \n\nChanges in the gut microbiome via high-fat diets, prebiotics, probiotics and antibiotics can also alter the endocannabinoid system in various ways—for example, by changing how CB1 and CB2 receptors are expressed, or altering endocannabinoid levels. \n\nRELATED: [MARIJUANA, GUT HEALTH AND THE BRAIN](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/59c96bc5e79bb936e12ce02e/marijuana-gut-health-and-the-brain)\n\nIt’s apparent that the gut microbiome and the endocannabinoid system are linked in some way, though more research needs to be done to figure out exactly how—and studies are already underway. \n\n### THC Prevents Weight Gain & Negative Changes in Gut Microbiota \n\nTo further explore how the endocannabinoid system and the gut microbiome are interconnected, scientists are studying cannabis’s effect on mice. \n\nA 2015 study by researchers in Canada set out to find [how diet combined with daily administration of THC would affect the weight and gut microbiota of mice](http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0144270). Researchers gave mice either a lean or high-fat diet, along with THC or a placebo daily for a total of six weeks. \n\nAt the end of the study, they found that mice fed a high-fat diet without THC gained up to 4 g of weight—that’s a lot for a tiny mouse: about a 20% increase in body mass. Meanwhile, the mice on the high-fat diet with THC didn’t gain any weight on average. The mice on the lean diet didn’t gain any weight either—regardless of whether they consumed THC. \n\nThe researchers also looked at gut microbiota in the mice. Scientists already know that [obese and diabetic mice have different microbiota compositions](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20664638) than their healthy counterparts do—the former tend to have higher levels of bad, or harmful, bacteria in their system relative to good bacteria. This imbalance is in turn associated with how the body metabolizes fats. A higher ratio of bad bacteria can activate enzymes that encourage the storage of fat in fat cells, thereby causing weight gain. \n\nIn the mice fed a high-fat diet with THC, the imbalance—more bad vs. good bacteria—was prevented, though the reasons why are still a mystery. \n\nIn another interesting twist, mice on the high-fat diet with THC also had increased levels of a prebiotic called _Akkermansia muciniphila_ in their guts than the mice on other regimens did—even the ones fed a lean diet. In other studies, [the addition of _Akkermansia muciniphila_ in mice led to an increase in CB2 receptors](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23671105). These receptors help control inflammation in the body. The prebiotic also limits the amount of fat that mice gain and improves how fat is metabolized. \n\nWhile we don’t exactly know how the endocannabinoid system and our individual gut microbiotas interact, it’s clear that there’s a connection, and that this connection could play a role in how we treat obesity, diabetes and likely many other conditions.  \n\nPhoto credit: [Warren Wong](https://unsplash.com/@wflwong)\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56201c206430320006bb0000/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  \n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/14b42/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg","srcSet":"/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/f836f/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg 200w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/2244e/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg 400w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/14b42/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg 800w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/47498/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg 1200w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/0e329/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg 1600w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/a26ee/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.jpg 3734w","srcWebp":"/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/58556/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/61e93/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp 200w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/1f5c5/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp 400w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/58556/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp 800w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/99238/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp 1200w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/7c22d/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp 1600w,\n/static/fd625e499f03894550a886e2c97fad0f/20abc/e05afc7df4727426fed0661b2dd963f7.webp 3734w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2677-markdown","title":"Aromatherapy: Is Smelling Cannabis Enough to Reap Its Benefits? ","slug":"aromatherapy-is-smelling-cannabis-enough-to-reap-its-benefits","content":"Smoking, vaping or eating a favorite edible are the most common ways to get the medicinal and recreational benefits of cannabis. But can you use your other senses to consume marijuana? It may sound far-fetched, but there are proven benefits from smelling cannabis—specifically inhaling the plant’s aromatic and flavorful terpenes. \n\nPeople who practice aromatherapy are already familiar with the concept. Aromatherapy is the ancient practice of healing with the scents of essential oils—and essential oils are made from terpenes. The olfactory system and parts of the brain that respond to scent are rich in natural cannabinoid receptors. So, yes, you can inhale cannabis-infused essential oils for some of the same benefits—like relaxation, focus and overall health—you gain from the more common ways of consuming marijuana.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### What Is Aromatherapy & How Do Essential Oils Help?\n\nToday, aromatherapy is usually classified as an alternative therapy. Its mystical, New Age overtones make many people skeptical of its potential for healing. But the use of essential oils to make people feel better has been going on for at least 6,000 years in cultures all around the globe. In the [practice of aromatherapy](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/10884.php), essential oils are inhaled, diffused into the air or used topically. \n\nThe essential oils used in aromatherapy are extracted from a wide variety of plants such as lavender, rosemary or clove. The oils are primarily made up of terpenes, oily compounds responsible for the distinctive flavors and scents of many plants and flowers.\n\nMost plants have a terpene profile that consists of only one or two primary terpenes, which create their distinctive scents. But the cannabis plant has at least 100 terpenes, which accounts for the great variety in the aroma and flavor of different marijuana strains. And cannabis terpenes can be extracted to make essential oils just as they can be from other kinds of plants. So, essential oils made from cannabis can have significant benefits for the health of both body and mind.\n\nRELATED: [CANNABIS TERPENES PACK A THERAPEUTIC PUNCH](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a99e9f4f24d1300077ccb6f/cannabis-terpenes-pack-a-therapeutic-punch)\n\n### How Does Aromatherapy Work?\n\n[Aromatherapy actually has some solid science behind it](http://brainworldmagazine.com/aromatherapy-and-the-brain-part-1/). When you sniff something, such as a fruit or a flower, its molecules trigger a response in the olfactory receptors in the nose. Then, olfactory neurons carry signals from those receptors to the olfactory bulb, which begins to process the information about the smell. Special types of cell, called mitral cells, carry signals from the olfactory bulb to an area of the brain called the olfactory cortex. It’s the olfactory cortex that allows you to perceive and recognize that particular smell and distinguish it from all others.\n\nBut the olfactory response doesn’t stop there. Those mitral cells that take signals from the nose to the olfactory cortex also carry those signals to other parts of the brain. In particular, they carry the signals to the limbic system, an area of the brain associated with functions like heart rate, breathing, stress responses and memory.\n\nSome of those mitral cells also connect directly to the amygdala, an area of the brain that’s strongly related to learning and memory. This can explain why certain smells may trigger overwhelmingly strong memories and associations in just about everyone. Even people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease and other kinds of dementia can experience memories brought on by smell.\n\nInhaling essential oils with their distinctive aromas can also trigger this chain of events: By just smelling the oils, the scent of a terpene travels to those highly sensitive areas of the brain responsible for relaxation responses, mood and even pain. That’s how aromatherapy can: \n\n* Uplift mood\n* Ease stress\n* Promote calm and relaxation\n\n### Cannabinoids & the Sense of Smell\n\nEssential oils of all kinds trigger responses in the olfactory system, which in turn activate the limbic system and the amygdala in the brain. But essential oils containing cannabis compounds are capable of much more, thanks to the endocannabinoid system (ECS).\n\nThe ECS is a wide network of receptors found throughout the body and brain. These receptors respond to cannabis compounds in the same way as they do to natural cannabinoids produced by the body itself. This explains why cannabis can have benefits for so many different health conditions.\n\nFrom the nose to the brain, [the olfactory system is rich in cannabinoid receptors](http://www.jneurosci.org/content/28/10/2313), especially the receptor CB1. This receptor responds both to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component in cannabis, and cannabidiol (CBD). CBD triggers a number of processes that keep the body in balance and support the immune system and other healing responses.   \n\nWhen an essential oil containing cannabis or cannabis terpenes is inhaled, its molecules bind to those receptors. Because the [limbic system and the amygdala also contain CB1 receptors](https://www.nature.com/articles/nn.3647), a cannabis-infused essential oil can trigger some of the same responses that come from consuming cannabis in other ways. \n\n### Using Cannabis Oils in Aromatherapy\n\nYou can experience [many benefits from aromatherapy with cannabis oils](https://remedygrove.com/traditional/Cannabis-flower-oil-health-aromatherapy-cannabis-flower-essential-oil) such as:\n\n* Calm\n* Relaxation\n* Renewed energy\n* Skin health\n* Focus\n* Headache relief\n\nFor the purposes of aromatherapy, [cannabis oil can refer to any of several different kinds of cannabis extracts](https://www.hlbenefits.com/cbd-oil-vs-cannabis-oil-vs-thc-oil-vs-marijuana-oil/). You could go for an extract of a specific terpene like [limonene](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a8e1261f24d1300077ccb5b/know-your-cannabis-terpenes-limonene) or [linalool](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5ab482e6f24d1300077ccb99/know-your-cannabis-terpenes-linalool). You can also choose a pure CBD oil with very little to no THC or a cannabis oil with a higher THC content. Hemp oil, which comes from a strain of cannabis that contains no THC can also be used in aromatherapy. Like other kinds of essential oils, cannabis oils are usually mixed with a carrier oil such as sweet almond or olive oil.\n\nTo inhale the oils, you can:\n\n* Add them to steam pots for inhaling\n* Put them into a diffuser to fill a room with their distinctive scents\n* Spray the oils on a user’s pillow or handkerchief\n* Massage them into the skin\n\nAromatherapy experts warn that essential oils of all kinds can be toxic when ingested. The essential oil itself and the carrier oil can also cause allergic reactions and skin irritation, so users may need to start with small amounts. This includes oils with cannabis compounds, which are often much more concentrated than other products that contain cannabis are.  \n\nThe healing benefits of cannabis come in many forms—including the essential oils used in the ancient practice of aromatherapy. Because cannabis activates not only the olfactory system itself, but the endocannabinoid receptors within that system, essential oils made with cannabis and its terpenes have potent healing powers all their own.\n\nPhoto credit: [Your Best Digs](https://www.flickr.com/people/yourbestdigs/)\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. \n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDABALDA4MChAODQ4SERATGCgaGBYWGDEjJR0oOjM9PDkzODdASFxOQERXRTc4UG1RV19iZ2hnPk1xeXBkeFxlZ2P/2wBDARESEhgVGC8aGi9jQjhCY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2P/wgARCAAOABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGAAAAwEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQFAgP/xAAVAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAf/aAAwDAQACEAMQAAABnUFGYsHUK//EABsQAAICAwEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAERAAIDEiJC/9oACAEBAAEFAvC5CjAx0ttVCf/EABQRAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABD/2gAIAQMBAT8BP//EABQRAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABD/2gAIAQIBAT8BP//EABoQAAICAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAnEQMWH/2gAIAQEABj8CYqNkulY//8QAGhAAAgMBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAERQVEhMf/aAAgBAQABPyF+G9ZroIkzbBIjUs8GME1H/9oADAMBAAIAAwAAABCTD//EABcRAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAESH/2gAIAQMBAT8QHraX/8QAFxEBAAMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAERMf/aAAgBAgEBPxCcU//EAB0QAQADAAIDAQAAAAAAAAAAAAEAESFRwTFxgaH/2gAIAQEAAT8QBUPAbja7m0AafkpGnBRMtIuro62VmVPqgjsEemf/2Q==","aspectRatio":1.3793103448275863,"src":"/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/261cf/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.jpg","srcSet":"/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/f836f/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.jpg 200w,\n/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/2244e/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.jpg 400w,\n/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/261cf/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.jpg 685w","srcWebp":"/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/62dd6/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/61e93/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.webp 200w,\n/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/1f5c5/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.webp 400w,\n/static/a5eefe6730e180e4419168cad40a26e4/62dd6/65f37f0db66eac0740ba98dd9be285b1.webp 685w","sizes":"(max-width: 685px) 100vw, 685px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2660-markdown","title":"Masturbation & Orgasm: How Sex & Cannabis Are Intertwined","slug":"masturbation-and-orgasm-how-sex-and-cannabis-are-intertwined","content":"The human body is hardwired to encourage behaviors—such as eating, exercising and sexual activity—that are good for it. Those things that support health and the survival of the species are rewarded through powerful messages to the brain’s pleasure-reward-memory circuits. Now, research reveals that the recently discovered endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a driving force behind that messaging, particularly where sex is concerned.\n\nAccording to a widely reported study from Germany originally published in the _Journal of Sexual Medicine_ in November 2017, [masturbating to orgasm can trigger the production of a potent natural cannabinoid](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29110806) called 2-arachidonoylglycerol, or 2-AG for short. When that happens, 2-AG activates receptors in the brain’s pleasure circuit, sending messages to do that again, because it feels good. This study had limitations, but it revealed new insights about the functions of the body’s far-flung network of cannabinoid receptors—and how cannabis can be useful for enhancing sexual activity and helping people overcome sexual dysfunctions.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### This Is Your Body on Endocannabinoids\n\nThe ECS is one of many systems in the body that are made up of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) systems. These networks of cells are stimulated to send messages in response to the presence of a trigger such as a protein or a peptide. ECS receptors are found throughout the tissues, organs and many areas of the brain (except the brainstem), and research suggests that it might be the most densely populated receptor system in the body. \n\nRELATED: [WHAT IS THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5751cbd970410e000b00003a/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system)\n\nThe ECS plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis, or balance, among the body’s many different processes. That includes maintaining body temperature, supporting the functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, moderating pain and boosting the immune system. \n\nSo far, research has discovered two different cannabinoid receptors called, imaginatively enough, CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are prevalent in the brain, spinal cord and parts of the digestive system, while CB2 receptors occur in organs and tissues throughout the body. These receptors respond in the presence of a group of natural cannabinoids that are produced during activities such as exercise, meditation and sexual activity.\n\nWith the possible exception of the opioid receptor system, each of the body’s GPCR receptor systems is generally primed to respond to a single ligand—a molecule that’s able to bind to another molecule on the cell’s surface. But the [ECS has not just one, but two ligands](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3481524/).\n\nThe most abundant of those natural cannabinoids is anandamide, named after the Sanskrit word for bliss, _ananda_. The other is 2-AG. The fact that both of these chemicals can trigger responses in the ECS is one of the many reasons the ECS is unique in its scope and power to affect a long list of physical processes and health conditions.\n\nAnandamide and 2-AG can be activated independently of each other and can attach to different receptors. CB1 is triggered primarily by anandamide, and CB2 by 2-AG. The German study revealed that during sexual activity these natural cannabinoids behave differently. This offers new insights into the [relationship between cannabinoids and sexual response](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/masturbating-science-orgasms-create-rush-marijuana-trey-reckling/).\n\nThe natural cannabinoids in the cannabis plant are so similar to the ones produced by the body itself that they bind to the same receptors, so that cannabis compounds such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are able to trigger the same responses in the brain and body. That explains why cannabis can be used to treat a long and growing list of many very diverse health conditions—and why it can affect sexual responses as well.\n\n### Masturbation, Orgasm & 2-AG\n\nSexual activity of all kinds sends messages to the brain’s pleasure, reward and memory circuit, stimulating the release of dopamine, often called the “feel good” chemical. It can also release oxytocin, another chemical that triggers feelings of closeness, affection and relationship. In the brain, these messages encode the experience as pleasant and worth repeating. But it wasn’t until relatively recently that researchers learned that the ECS may be the driving force behind the kind of positive messaging that ensures people keep doing the activity.\n\nSexual activity, like exercise, ramps up the production of endocannabinoids. Researchers believed that the one most frequently produced was anandamide, well known for its feel-good properties. But when researchers looked closely at the blood plasma levels of a group of volunteers willing to masturbate for science, they found that the body actually expressed higher levels of 2-AG. \n\nBecause the ECS responds not only to the endocannabinoids produced by the body, but also to ones consumed in various kinds of cannabis products, this study and related research suggest the connection between orgasm and 2-AG. Since 2-AG rewards the brain for having an orgasm, this encourages the body to do it again. This means that cannabis could be helpful in treating sexual problems such as loss of libido or erectile dysfunction. Hopefully, more research on the subject will be forthcoming. \n\n### Can Cannabis Enhance Sexual Activity?\n\nThe 2017 German study was based on the experience of a group of volunteers who masturbated, but other studies exploring how cannabis affects sex have generally focused on whether—and how—cannabis affects sexual activities with partners. Cannabis in all of its forms typically promotes relaxation and reduces anxiety, which can boost positive feelings. The plant’s effects on the ECS can trigger the release of a variety of chemicals related to the pleasure-reward-memory circuits in the brain.  \n\nResearch remains to be done on the specific ways in which the ECS—and cannabis—can affect sexual activity of all kinds. But the results are in: Whether you’re with a partner or going solo, the compounds in cannabis can send the right messages to the body and brain.\n\nPhoto credit: [Viliman Viliman](https://unsplash.com/@vilimanovicnevena)\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  \n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3793103448275863,"src":"/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/14b42/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg","srcSet":"/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/f836f/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg 200w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/2244e/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg 400w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/14b42/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg 800w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/47498/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg 1200w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/0e329/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg 1600w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/e437f/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.jpg 3604w","srcWebp":"/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/58556/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/61e93/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp 200w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/1f5c5/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp 400w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/58556/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp 800w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/99238/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp 1200w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/7c22d/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp 1600w,\n/static/5c841d15e595838b8db4b0959c06a76a/3b362/c90a6721c67a723a4ebfef50230f3bea.webp 3604w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2640-markdown","title":"HelloMD’s Dr. Perry Solomon Goes Deep on Cannabis for Almost 30","slug":"hellomds-dr-perry-solomon-goes-deep-on-cannabis-for-almost-30","content":"HelloMD’s Chief Medical Officer [Dr. Perry Solomon](https://www.hellomd.com/people/54cc02df6465320003000000/Perry%20Solomon,%20MD) was recently featured on “[Almost 30](https://www.almost30podcast.com/),” an iTunes top 10 health podcast. Hosted by Krista Williams and Lindsey Simcik, the podcast’s mission is to “propel personal growth and navigate any transition.” Naturally, gaining a better understanding of cannabis’s healing properties—and how the plant fits into a person’s health and wellness goals—jibes with that mission.\n\nIn episodes 104 and 105 of “Almost 30,” Dr. Solomon touches on a lot of different cannabis-related topics including why people were tricked into believing that cannabis is harmful to their health; cannabis as a health and wellness supplement as well as a remedy for pain; and how cannabidiol (CBD) oil is used in suppository form to help relieve menstrual cramps.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\nCheck out a few excerpts taken from parts 1 and 2 of the “Almost 30” podcast featuring Dr. Solomon. You can also listen to [episode 104](https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/almost-30-podcast/e/53772306) and [episode 105](https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/almost-30-podcast/e/53805695) in their entirety online.\n\n### Almost 30: Can you talk to us about the science behind how [cannabis] works, and how it subdues pain, and it's relaxing people, helping people sleep, reducing anxiety. I don't know the science behind it. I just know it works.\n\n** Dr Perry Solomon:** Basically … the endocannabinoid system is a system of homeostasis in our bodies that keeps everything in check. It's something that was discovered around the 1970s, early 1970s by Raphael Mechoulam in Israel. And it's something that genetically has been there for thousands and thousands of years [in terms of having a check and balance system in the body].\n\nIn other words, what happens is you have synapses in your body, and chemicals become released from one side, or from one synapse to the other, … to transfer information and sensations, and what happens is there’s a retrograde feedback mechanism. Picture two ends of a wire, and from one end the electricity or the information goes to the other end, and if something gets overstimulated because it's out of balance, the endocannabinoid system is the system that takes the second signal, goes back to the first signal and says, ‘OK, slow down that rate of firing for pain or sensation or anxiety.’\n\nAnd usually when the body's in homeostasis, the endocannabinoid system (“endo” meaning it's from your body), or the feedback mechanism, is [in a state where] everything stays nice and cool. Everything's calm, cool, collected. The pain isn't there and everything's fine.\n\nRELATED: [MARIJUANA, CANNABINOIDS & HOMEOSTASIS](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56b27573fe98a100080001f1/marijuana-cannabinoids-and-homeostasis-a-balancing-act)\n\nBut when things start firing abnormally, the endocannabinoid system gets kind of out of whack. And if you have a decrease in some of the endocannabinoids such as anandamide and 2AG—these are natural chemicals that are found in your body that act as that retrograde feedback blocker to slow things down or speed things up—if those are lacking or not in balance, things happen that you don't want to have to happen, whether it be an immunologic problem, whether it be from pain or anything else.\n\nPhytocannabinoids, the things that are in cannabis (“phyto” meaning plant), … match up to the two types of cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, that are found in the body. These are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD. Each of these phytocannabinoids takes the place of the endocannabinoids that may be deficient, and so the chemicals that you use from the plant eventually take over for the ones that are supposed to be in good balance in your body (but aren’t or are lacking).\n\nCBD, for example, is more of an anti-inflammatory compound that helps with the CB2 receptors, which are concentrated in the inflammatory tissues in the body. And THC concentrates on the CB1 receptor that's mostly found in the brain, which is why you get those psychoactive effects from THC, and you don't get it from CBD—because there aren’t many CBD receptors, or CB2 receptors, in the brain. \n\n![Perry Solomon on \"Almost 30\"](https://hellomd-development.s3.amazonaws.com/articles-5ac807aaf24d1300077ccbc1-795dbfd4-1095-4db4-8655-4fb7b7b45186/original.jpg)\n\n### A30: So, THC is the psychoactive compound?\n\n**PS:** Correct. And it’s psychoactive because of the fact that the CB1 receptor is primarily in the brain. It's thought that the runner's high and the other things that occur are because anandamide goes up into the brain, causing that rush of feeling. … People call this the endorphin rush, and it's probably not that. It's probably the anandamide that’s getting into the brain, because endorphins don't cross the blood-brain barrier to get into the head. So, the rush that they're feeling is probably from the endocannabinoid system in the brain more than anything else. \n\nRELATED: [WHY DOES CANNABIS MAKE YOU FEEL GOOD?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/582b86cce686fc000c657034/why-does-cannabis-make-you-feel-good)\n\n### A30: What are some of the symptoms that people are saying that CBD helps them with?\n\n**PS:** Well, for example, menstrual cramps in women. There are some suppositories that are coming out that are just CBD as an anti-inflammatory that appear to be working without any THC in it. … Again, it's an individualized type of thing. People use it also for migraines. This is another way that people are using CBD only to be able to treat that.\n\nAgain, the entourage effect seems to show that the cannabis may work a little bit better with both CBD and THC, but there are people who get a fantastic response with just a CBD-only product … for their migraines. Sports recovery is another one where people just use a CBD-only ointment or salve on their skin to help muscles relax a little bit. And also, again, because muscle injuries are an inflammatory type of byproduct of exercise. \n\n### A30: I love using the CBD creams and things. So, what is it actually doing? So, it's being absorbed into the skin and into the bloodstream? And it's connecting the CB1 receptor to the CBD? \n\n**PS:** For CBD, it would be the CB2 receptor. That's what’s theorized as what it does. With the skin, there are people in the medical community and the cannabis community who feel that it doesn't get absorbed at all. Some people think that it does. Again, it may get absorbed better with a plastic covering on it, like a patch. What happens with the cream is that some of it can get evaporated up in the air. Some people put it on, and it comes with a plastic cover on it that essentially eliminates any type of evaporative loss, and it all gets put into the skin.\n\nSome people also use the THC/CBD ointment, and they ask us, ‘Well, can I test THC-positive if my work is screening for THC?’ And that's a questionable thing. It may be that enough can get absorbed to test positive for THC in your urine if your job of tests for that. So, people say, ‘Well, what should I use if they do test me, and I don't want to take any chances?’ And we say, ‘Well then a CBD-only [product],’ because that's not something that’s psychoactive or that people are testing for. \n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56201c206430320006bb0000/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-trying-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/14b42/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg","srcSet":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/f836f/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/2244e/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 400w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/14b42/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 800w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/47498/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 1200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/0e329/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 1600w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/e85c0/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.jpg 3100w","srcWebp":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/58556/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/61e93/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/1f5c5/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 400w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/58556/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 800w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/99238/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 1200w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/7c22d/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 1600w,\n/static/4b66eb7ae14ca97de7e0e6de08b06cae/48e8b/af2285da7e7aec199053950a20a232f4.webp 3100w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2562-markdown","title":"Harnessing the Power of Cannabis's Chemical Compounds","slug":"harnessing-the-power-of-cannabiss-chemical-compounds","content":"In the last installment of our series for cannabis newcomers, we went over [cannabis strains and why they’re important](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5a77e254f24d1300077ccb2e/finding-the-ideal-cannabis-strain-to-suit-your-needs). Different types of cannabis can have different tastes, smells and, most importantly, different effects. Depending on the individual, some strains may bring on one effect—relaxation, for example—while others can trigger the opposite, and sometimes negative, effect. You may be wondering what's going on with these different cannabis strains, and why there’s so much variety.\r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\nAs it turns out, the differences among marijuana strains can be largely understood based on the differences in those strains’ chemical components. We now turn our focus on the chemical compounds that create these unique features. In this and upcoming articles, we’ll dive into the many different compounds found in the cannabis plant, and what to expect from each. \r\n\r\n### The Basics of Cannabinoids \r\n\r\nWhile cannabis contains many active components, cannabinoids are especially important to understand as they’re the compounds that are unique to the marijuana plant. While humans have understood cannabis’s therapeutic powers for thousands of years, we only began to learn about cannabinoids when the first known cannabinoid, cannabinol (CBN), was discovered in 1896.\r\n\r\nIn the following decades, scientists also discovered cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and numerous other cannabinoids in this versatile plant. While there are currently more than 60 known cannabinoids, only a few are regularly mentioned or tested for. The most popular cannabinoids, usually those that are found in larger quantities in the plant, are cannabinoids such as:\r\n\r\n* THC\r\n* CBD\r\n* CBN\r\n* Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA)\r\n* Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) \r\n* Cannabigerol (CBG)\r\n\r\nThese cannabinoids can have very different effects, thus contributing to the large amount of diversity found in cannabis strains. That’s why it’s important to learn about each so you know what to expect when trying different strains. In the next few articles, we’ll get into the nitty gritty, explaining the uses, side effects and interactions for each of these cannabinoids. \r\n\r\nRELATED: [CANNABINOIDS: CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS WITH HUGE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55da2ff26430380006690000/cannabinoids-chemical-compounds-with-huge-therapeutic-potential)\r\n\r\n### The Endocannabinoid System Helps Keep the Body in Balance\r\n\r\n[Scientists also discovered the endocannabinoid system (ECS)](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5751cbd970410e000b00003a/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system). This system is made up of CB1 and CB2 receptors, which can be found throughout the human body and interact directly with cannabinoids. As it turns out, our body naturally produces its own endocannabinoids, which are very similar to the phytocannabinoids produced by the cannabis plant. \r\n\r\nThis natural system of receptors and endocannabinoids plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, which is your body’s natural mechanism for maintaining internal balance. \r\n\r\nThis affects aspects of your health like:\r\n\r\n* heart rate \r\n* blood pressure\r\n* body temperature\r\n* the immune system\r\n* sleep cycles\r\n* appetite \r\n* thirst \r\n\r\n[When your body’s homeostasis is disrupted, a number of problems can arise—from arthritis and depression to diabetes and Crohn's disease](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56b27573fe98a100080001f1/marijuana-cannabinoids-and-homeostasis-a-balancing-act). Fortunately, cannabinoids can affect our system much like our own natural endocannabinoids can. When endocannabinoids fail to do their job, patients can use phytocannabinoids to fill in these gaps, bringing the body’s various systems back into balance.  \r\n\r\n### Terpenes—Responsible for Cannabis’s Taste, Smell & More\r\n\r\nCannabinoids aren’t the only chemical compounds present in cannabis. The plant also contains a large variety of [terpenes, the chemicals responsible for the taste and smell of cannabis](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/562948683138320006d70000/terpenes-that-augment-the-healing-power-of-cannabis). Unlike cannabinoids, terpenes aren’t unique to cannabis, but are found in many other plants as well. This is why cannabis can smell so similar to many other plants.\r\n\r\nWhen you smell cannabis and think it smells like pine, for example, it’s not just a similarity in smell. Cannabis with a piney scent, contains pinene, which also gives pine needles their scent. Many different terpenes may be present in a given marijuana strain.\r\n\r\nTerpenes not only affect the smell and flavor of cannabis, they also produce their own therapeutic effects. With over 100 identified terpenes in cannabis strains, we’ve only scratched the surface on what all of them can do. At this point, only a few terpenes—those found in larger quantities—are frequently discussed or tested for. They include:\r\n\r\n* Beta-caryophyllene\r\n* Linalool\r\n* Pinene\r\n* Limonene\r\n* Myrcene \r\n* Humulene\r\n\r\nRELATED: [WHAT ARE TERPENES AND WHAT IS THEIR EFFECT?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56e359576d0ed000080000ba/what-are-terpenes-and-what-is-their-effect)\r\n\r\n### Understanding the Entourage Effect\r\n\r\nWhile many folks like to focus on individual cannabinoids or terpenes, the truth is that these chemicals interact with each other in many different ways. More than understanding what each chemical does on its own, it’s also important to understand key ways in which these chemicals interact with each other.\r\n\r\nTHC, for example, is often considered the crucial element when dosing cannabis. Some even isolate THC when preparing cannabis products or doing research on cannabis. While there are therapeutic applications for THC in isolation, research has shown that THC’s effects can be greatly altered depending on whether other cannabinoids and terpenes are present.\r\n\r\nHaving other compounds working in concert with THC may make it even more effective, or possibly less effective, depending on what you’re trying to accomplish. Many of cannabis’s most helpful effects come from the combination of these components rather than just dosing with a single compound. The [combination of chemical compounds is called the entourage effect](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56d0f3acbbf86b000b0000ae/what-is-the-entourage-effect), and its many different combinations can be hard to track. \r\n\r\nTake, for example, the terpene called myrcene. While THC is usually quite energetic in its effects, when mixed with myrcene, THC takes on a sedative effect instead. If THCV is present, however, this doesn’t happen, and even with myrcene in the mix, the THC will maintain its energetic nature. With so many chemical components available, there seems to be an almost infinite number of combinations to consider.\r\n\r\nEach strain—and sometimes each individual instantiation of a strain—has its own chemical profile or chemotype. You can have cannabis tested to find out about its chemical composition. Some dispensaries or growers have their cannabis analyzed for chemical composition already and can tell you how much of each measured chemical is in the strain. Still, this is by no means a complete analysis. It won’t always tell you everything about how the cannabis will affect you, even when you understand the research behind each chemical. \r\n\r\n### Finding the Right Cannabinoids & Terpenes for You\r\n\r\nDespite the intricacies involved in the entourage effect, learning about the chemical constituents in cannabis that correlate with your needs can get you pointed in the right direction—and help you tailor your cannabis use appropriately. If you’re looking for appetite suppressants, for example, strains high in THCV are a good place to start.  [If you have epilepsy, you might look for high CBD strains](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/55c28a2c65663200065c0000/epilepsy-relief-possible-through-medical-cannabis) as research has shown them to be helpful for seizures.\r\n\r\nIn the next few installments of our Cannabis for Newbies series, we’ll delve deeper into the topic of cannabinoids, looking at each of the popular cannabinoids’ uses and side effects. We’ll start by learning about THC, arguably the most well-known cannabinoid. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Brian Shamblen](https://www.flickr.com/photos/23972840@N04/)\r\n\r\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/14b42/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg","srcSet":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/f836f/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/2244e/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 400w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/14b42/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 800w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/47498/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 1200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/0e329/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 1600w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/0fb1f/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.jpg 1862w","srcWebp":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/58556/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/61e93/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/1f5c5/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 400w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/58556/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 800w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/99238/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 1200w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/7c22d/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 1600w,\n/static/31021791112c1d84bd4c57c9e1e6387a/dc633/97338dab3bc1b3037548e0874cdd95fd.webp 1862w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2512-markdown","title":"The Science Behind Why Marijuana Is Safer Than Opioids","slug":"the-science-behind-why-marijuana-is-safer-than-opioids","content":"Every day, [more than 90 Americans die of an opioid overdose](https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html). Opioids are a class of powerfully addictive drugs that includes not only the street drug heroin, but also a number of medications legally prescribed for pain like oxycodone and fentanyl. The abuse of opioids has become so widespread that it’s been called a [national epidemic](https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/us-opioid-epidemic). Meanwhile, recent research reveals that medical cannabis can offer equivalent pain relief without the risks of addiction and overdose—because it acts very differently than opioids on essential systems in the brain.\r\n\t\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### The Body’s Receptors Respond to Opioids & Marijuana\r\n\r\nThe human body is home to several systems of receptors—cells that respond to the input of certain kinds of molecules from sources inside and outside the body. These receptor systems are responsible for driving essential processes in the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as the organs and tissues. They trigger the release of hormones and other neurotransmitters that affect temperature, digestion, mood, sensation and much more. \r\n\r\nThe human body produces its own version of the chemicals that bind to these receptor systems, but they also respond to similar substances that are consumed from outside sources, such as opioid drugs and marijuana.\r\n\r\n### The Opioid Receptor System: Wired in the Brain\r\n\r\nThe [opioid receptor \r\nsystem](http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyIntroductionForward?familyId=50) consists of five types of receptors that can trigger responses such as pleasure, pain control and relaxation. Natural opioids, including the endorphins that kick in during exercise, bind to these receptors to produce good feelings and minimize pain. Synthetic opioids trigger the same responses.\r\n\r\nSome opioid-sensitive neurons are found in the spinal cord and digestive system. But the [majority of opioid receptors occur in the brain](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851054/), which is why opioid drugs are highly addictive and can therefore be extremely dangerous.\r\n\r\nOpioids activate opioid receptors in the mesolimbic—or midbrain—area of the brain, which is home to the pleasure-reward-learning system. That network rewards essential behaviors with feelings of pleasure and stimulates learning and memory, so those behaviors can be repeated. \r\n\r\nWe feel the effects of natural opioids on this system when we enjoy food, reach a goal or engage in a fun activity; we’re rewarded with pleasant feelings, and they’re stored in our memory so that we know that if we repeat the activity, we’ll feel those same positive feelings again. But because opioid drugs are far more powerful than natural opioids, they can quickly hijack the midbrain’s pleasure and reward response, producing cravings, dependence and addiction.  \r\n\r\nMeanwhile, down at the locus ceruleus—or the brainstem—opioid drugs suppress signals of pain and depress the production of a chemical called norepinephrine, which stimulates essential functions like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and wakefulness.\r\nDuring prolonged use of opioids, the body produces more norepinephrine to compensate for the drug’s effects. When a person stops using opioids suddenly, norepinephrine floods the system, which causes the well-known flu-like symptoms of withdrawal.  \r\n\r\nThis is also why there’s a high risk of death from opioid overdose—because opioid medications damp down the production of norepinephrine, very high doses of opioids can suppress breathing and heart rate to fatal levels, especially if they’re combined with other kinds of central nervous system depressants such as alcohol or sedative drugs. \r\n\r\nThese issues are largely absent when a person consumes cannabis, because it affects an entirely different system of receptors: the endocannabinoid system.\r\n\r\n### The Endocannabinoid System:  A Whole-Body Network\r\n\r\nJust as the body has a system for responding to opioids, it also has a [network that responds to cannabinoids](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26103031) —both the ones we produce naturally such as anandamide and 2AG, and ones we consume, mainly from cannabis but also from other sources such as black pepper and hot spices like turmeric and cumin.\r\n\r\nRELATED: [WHAT IS THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system)\r\n\r\nCannabinoid receptors are found just about everywhere in the body—the brain, spine, organs and tissues. These receptors are responsible for supporting a wide range of processes such as regulating temperature and immune responses, and managing pain signals and mood. Because compounds in cannabis such as the psychoactive tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) are so similar to natural—or endogenous—cannabinoids, they bind easily to the same receptors.\r\n\r\nCannabinoid receptors also occur in the midbrain, so cannabis can trigger pleasure and reward responses similar to opioids—relaxation, euphoria and [relief from pain](http://ns.umich.edu/new/releases/23622-medical-marijuana-reduces-use-of-opioid-pain-meds-decreases-risk-for-some-with-chronic-pain). Cannabis can also calm anxiety and ease digestive symptoms by acting on receptors in the central nervous system and vagus nerve. And because cannabinoid receptors are found throughout the body, cannabis can also stimulate immune responses and support the workings of other systems to keep the body in balance.\r\n\r\nAlthough opioid and cannabinoid receptors are both found in the brain, spine and digestive systems, there’s one area of the body where that isn’t true: the brainstem, which contains relatively large numbers of opioid receptors—but only a negligible amount of cannabinoid ones.\r\n\r\n### Cannabis: A Safer and Less Addictive Alternative\r\n\r\nBecause cannabis can trigger responses in the pleasure and reward system, people can want to use more and more—and suffer some uncomfortable feelings and cravings when they stop. But cannabis isn’t likely to cause physical dependence and withdrawal if someone stops using it, because it doesn’t trigger the same processes in the brainstem that opioids do.\r\n\r\nLikewise, cannabis isn’t likely to cause death from overdose. Since the brainstem has virtually no cannabinoid receptors, consuming it doesn’t affect the production of norepinephrine. Suddenly stopping cannabis may disrupt the pleasure and reward loop, but it doesn’t trigger the surge in norepinephrine that causes the unpleasant and potentially life- threatening symptoms of opioid withdrawal. And because the brainstem lacks significant cannabinoid receptors, cannabis use doesn’t depress essential functions like breathing to harmful—or even fatal—levels as opioids do.\r\n\r\nOpioid medications offer relaxation, pleasant feelings and pain relief, but so does cannabis. And its very different effects on the brain and body make it a far safer choice for pain control.\r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [frankieleon](https://www.flickr.com/photos/armydre2008/)\r\n\r\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/14b42/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg","srcSet":"/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/f836f/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg 200w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/2244e/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg 400w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/14b42/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg 800w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/47498/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg 1200w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/0e329/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg 1600w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/096b3/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.jpg 3226w","srcWebp":"/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/58556/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/61e93/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp 200w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/1f5c5/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp 400w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/58556/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp 800w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/99238/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp 1200w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/7c22d/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp 1600w,\n/static/94dc33acc98db441769405c28c03410d/2cee3/14d3d09a40a0a41c28e03440d3120d28.webp 3226w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2479-markdown","title":"How Parkinson’s Disease Affects the Endocannabinoid System","slug":"how-parkinsons-disease-affects-the-endocannabinoid-system","content":"Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the substantia nigra, a part of the brain where nerve cells normally produce dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, behavior, sleep and cognition. Neurotransmitters act like messengers between nerve cells, communicating via electrical and chemical signals; it’s through these neurotransmitters that your brain receives the right instructions to elicit everyday activities.\r\n\r\nIn Parkinson’s disease patients, cells in the substantia nigra become damaged and stop their production of dopamine—causing the body’s normal operations to go awry. As these nerve cells die, protein bundles begin to build up inside of them, further compounding the disease. \r\n\r\nTo find a cure—or at least slow down the disease’s progression—researchers are taking a closer look at the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This is because studies indicate that this system plays an all-important role in the basal ganglia—the part of the brain that houses the substantia nigra and controls movement. Scientists hope that studying the ECS will allow them to develop new therapeutic approaches to treating Parkinson’s disease.\r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### How Is the ECS Involved in Movement?\r\n\r\nStudies show that components of the endocannabinoid system are especially abundant in the basal ganglia compared to other areas of the brain. What this suggests is that the ECS plays a key role in basal ganglia processes—or the control of voluntary motor movement. \r\n\r\nResearch on the ECS began with the detection of the CB1 receptor in 1988. Since then, scientists have explored how intertwined this receptor is in bodily processes, especially those involving movement. CB1 is the most abundant receptor in the brain, especially in the basal ganglia where it controls the release of neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate.\r\n\r\nGlutamate is the most prevalent neurotransmitter in vertebrates—its main job is to excite nerve cells. GABA keeps glutamate in check—an inhibitory neurotransmitter, it reduces excitability in nerve cells and also controls muscle tone. By working together, glutamate and GABA help control the brain’s overall level of excitation. \r\n\r\nThe ECS and the body’s dopamine signaling system are intricately linked—dopamine can influence levels of the [endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA)]( https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/582b86cce686fc000c657034/why-does-cannabis-make-you-feel-good) in the basal ganglia, and CB1 can inhibit certain dopamine receptors while forming protein complexes with others.\r\n\r\nAdditionally, TRPV1, another ECS receptor, is located in the substantia nigra’s dopamine-producing neurons (the ones that become damaged in Parkinson’s disease)—its location puts it in a position to mediate dopamine release in the body. Researchers think that certain abnormalities observed in Parkinson’s disease patients may be due to the ECS trying to compensate for the loss of dopamine in the basal ganglia. \r\n\r\n### What Happens to the ECS in Parkinson’s Disease? \r\n\r\nPost-mortem analysis and research involving animal models have shown that the ECS is significantly altered in Parkinson’s patients. In the early stages of Parkinson’s disease, CB1 receptors are less abundant and less active in comparison to healthy individuals. The loss of these receptors may make the basal ganglia more vulnerable: CB1 receptors are involved in inhibiting glutamate release, so loss or damage to these receptors can increase glutamate levels leading to excitotoxicity, or excessive stimulation of nerve cells, which leads to further damage to these cells.  \r\n\r\nA common, unifying trend that researchers have seen in Parkinson’s patients—regardless of disease progression—is an increase in AEA. And in moderate to advanced stages of the disease, where symptoms like tremors and rigidity affect Parkinson’s patients, there’s an increase in CB1 receptor density and activity. Both of these findings lend credence to the hypothesis that over-activity plays a role in neurodegenerative diseases. \r\n\r\n### Can Cannabis Bring the Endocannabinoid System Back Into Balance? \r\n\r\nCannabis may help relieve the unwanted motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, but it also shows promise in disease treatment. Preliminary research has focused on:\r\n\r\n* reducing protein buildup.\r\n* suppressing the inflammation in nerve cells, which contributes to the disease progression.\r\n* slowing or stopping the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons. \r\n\r\nRELATED: [HOW CANNABIS HELPED ME FIND RELIEF FROM PARKINSON’S DISEASE](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/57a7cefba123030007ba033a/how-cannabis-helped-me-find-relief-from-parkinsons-disease)\r\n\r\nBecause many processes are altered in Parkinson’s disease, researchers still can’t pinpoint an exact mechanism for how cannabinoids might improve motor function—this may be why studies involving both receptor agonists (substances that attach directly to receptors) and antagonists (substances that block binding to receptors) have shown success in relieving motor symptoms. Given these findings, it’s not surprising that cannabis, which contains both receptor agonists and antagonists [improved motor symptoms in a small open label study](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260682593_Cannabis_Medical_Marijuana_Treatment_for_Motor_and_Non-Motor_Symptoms_of_Parkinson_Disease_An_Open-Label_Observational_Study) involving Parkinson’s disease patients who smoked cannabis. \r\n\r\nWhile there are no current studies involving cannabis and its ability to reduce protein buildup in Parkinson’s disease patients, preliminary studies point to a link between the buildup of these proteins and the ECS. This link, as well as studies that show cannabis can decrease the accumulation of other proteins—such as amyloid clumps—in other neurodegenerative diseases, suggests that marijuana holds therapeutic potential.\r\n\r\n“The most promising aspect of cannabis to help Parkinson's patients, as well as any other neurodegenerative disease, lies in the plant’s anti-inflammatory properties, which impart nerve protection and possible reduction of amyloid buildup in brain cells,” says Dr. Perry Solomon, HelloMD’s chief medical officer. \r\n\r\nDr. Solomon points to lab research where [THC removed and reduced accumulation of amyloid clumps](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160629095609.htm) that were harming nerve cells. He also brings up another study in mice that used [a combination of THC and CBD to reduce amyloid buildup](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25125475), resulting in improved memory. \r\n\r\nResearch also suggests that anti-inflammatory actions on another ECS receptor, CB2, may help slow disease progression. Microglial cells in the brain “clean up” debris in neurodegenerative disorders, but there’s a caveat—the cleaning actions of microglia can be detrimental to surrounding cells: In patients with Parkinson’s disease, activated microglia are often found near dying dopamine-producing cells.\r\n\r\nResearchers think that controlling this microglial action could have neuroprotective benefits. A study in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease suggests that [CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties weaken the actions of these microglial cells]( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17592514). Based on these findings, compounds that bind to CB2 could help reduce neuronal inflammation in Parkinson’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. \r\n\r\nExisting Parkinson’s therapies only relieve symptoms or supply the body with dopamine—none address the destruction of dopamine-producing neurons, which is the root cause of the disorder. Here, cannabis’s neuroprotective properties show much promise:  \r\n\r\n* In a mice cell culture, researchers found that [THC and THCA can protect the brain cells that make dopamine from neurotoxins](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22571976). In addition, [tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been shown to have further neuroprotective properties](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22236282) in a study that involved a human cell culture. \r\n\r\n* Cannabidiol (CBD) is also neuroprotective, but likely by way of a different mechanism than seen in THC. In rats, [CBD was found to protects brain cells that project into the substantia nigra](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17672854)—the part of the brain that’s affected in patients with Parkinson’s disease and other neurological diseases. \r\n\r\nThe ECS is an integral part of basal ganglia processes. The disruption of dopamine levels in the body likely leads the ECS to compensate, thereby affecting your body’s internal equilibrium—also known as homeostasis. Cannabinoids have shown promise in helping bring this system back into balance.\r\n\r\nHowever, as with most topics involving cannabis, more research is needed to better understand how the ECS functions in the presence of this disease. With this knowledge, researchers may one day be able to create therapies that slow—or even stop—the progression of Parkinson’s disease. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Tirthankar Gupta](https://www.flickr.com/photos/134157488@N06/)\r\n\r\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/14b42/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg","srcSet":"/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/f836f/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg 200w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/2244e/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg 400w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/14b42/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg 800w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/47498/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg 1200w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/0e329/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg 1600w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/ce105/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.jpg 3624w","srcWebp":"/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/58556/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/61e93/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp 200w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/1f5c5/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp 400w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/58556/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp 800w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/99238/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp 1200w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/7c22d/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp 1600w,\n/static/1e527144854ceb7bce703ab48518d389/d72ad/f92680f23238b28d520f3cb7fe7e5f8b.webp 3624w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2446-markdown","title":"How the Endocannabinoid System Affects Women’s Health","slug":"how-the-endocannabinoid-system-affects-womens-health","content":"It’s hard to believe we’re still making new discoveries about the endocannabinoid system (ECS), even though it occurs naturally in virtually all animals and influences a number of important processes in the body—but we are. For women specifically, studies suggest that the ECS plays a role in PMS, menopause, endometriosis and dysmenorrhea. That information provides hope that marijuana could be a viable therapy for these sometimes painful conditions.\n\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/explore/locations/564935726915516/united-states/san-francisco-california/hellomd/)\n\n### ECS 101\n\nHere’s what you need to know about the ECS:\n\n* It’s a network of cannabinoid receptors in your brain, organs, connective tissue, glands and immune cells. \n* Cannabinoid receptors are the most common type of receptors in the human body. \n* ECS receptors come in two variations: CB1 and CB2. \n* Both types of receptors respond to endocannabinoids—cannabinoids such as anandamide that are made naturally by the body—and phytocannabinoids that come from plants like cannabis. These cannabinoids include cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). \n* CB1 receptors can generally be found in connective tissue, the nervous system, gonads, glands and organs. \n* CB2 receptors are found in the immune system. \n\nRELATED: [WHAT IS THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM](https://hellomd.com/articles/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system) \n\nThe far-reaching ECS creates a special connection between our body and brain. The ECS plays a role in all sorts of functions including mood, pain management and movement. It’s also integral to maintaining homeostasis, which is when a healthy body can regulate various functions to maintain balance and stability. \n\nTo keep our ECS happy, it needs to be nourished with sufficient cannabinoids, whether they’re made naturally in the body or found in plants like cannabis. \n\n### How the ECS Affects Women’s Health \n\nBecause the ECS is such an extensive network, it affects many conditions related to women’s health. These also happen to be some of the most uncomfortable health aspects of being a woman. \n\n** Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) **\n\nThe severity of PMS varies from woman to woman, and can be a minor inconvenience or a debilitating and painful experience. [Symptoms of PMS include headaches, back pain, bloating, insomnia and fatigue](https://hellomd.com/articles/medical-marijuana-may-alleviate-symptoms-associated-with-pms/). \n\nA 2016 study published in the _Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine_ concluded, “[The female reproductive system and ECS are intricately linked](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4918871/),” and the highest concentration of the endocannabinoid anandamide is found in the uterus. According to the researchers, hormone fluctuation changes the way cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoids are expressed. It’s important to note that this study was conducted on rats, and extrapolating its results to humans is shaky at best. \n\nEndocannabinoid levels in females have a special relationship with estrogen. When a woman is on or about to start her period, her estrogen levels are at their lowest. This lack of estrogen actually makes it harder for endocannabinoids like anandamide, known for its uplifting effects, to survive. \n\nIf you’re interested in trying [cannabis to combat painful PMS symptoms](https://hellomd.com/articles/top-5-marijuana-strains-for-pms-and-menopause/), sample strains like Jilly Bean or Pineapple. Smoking or vaping marijuana will be the quickest way to get relief but for longer-lasting effects, try a cannabis edible. \n\n`embed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVFAmq-rzAE#`\n\n** Menopause **\n\nWhen women reach menopause, typically between the ages of 40 and 50, their menstruation and ovulation stops, ending reproductive abilities. Much like PMS, the severity of menopause symptoms will vary depending on the woman. Some of the most common [symptoms of menopause include mood swings, anxiety, hot flashes, insomnia and discomfort during sex](https://hellomd.com/articles/ease-the-symptoms-of-pms-perimenopause-and-menopause-with-cannabis-and-beyond/). \n\nEstrogen and its effect on endocannabinoids are key factors in menopause, just as they are with PMS. When women ovulate, their estrogen and endocannabinoid levels are at their peak. When women stop ovulating due to menopause, their bodies no longer produce high levels of estrogen, and there’s a [reduction in endocannabinoid signaling](https://www.impactcannabis.org/medical-marijuana-menopause/). This can result in the mood swings associated with menopause. \n\nIf you’re experiencing anxiety, stress or mood shifts because of menopause, a CBD product like Pianta Tinta’s super high CBD tincture may be a good option for you. \n\nIf insomnia is one of your menopause symptoms, a [THC-heavy marijuana strain such as Tahoe OG](https://hellomd.com/articles/5-products-that-help-with-insomnia-during-menopause) might help you get some much-needed sleep. \n\n** Endometriosis & Dysmenorrhea **\n\nEndometriosis is a painful disease in which the tissue lining of the uterus, also known as the endometrium, starts to grow outside of the uterus. Despite 10% of all women being affected by endometriosis, modern science knows little about what causes the painful medical issue. As with most disorders on this list, symptoms range from no pain to debilitating pain and infertility. Endometriosis can also lead to other unpleasant conditions, like dysmenorrhea, which literally means “painful menstruation.” \n\nEndometrial tissue is full of components from the ECS, and endometriosis has been linked to endocannabinoid deficiency in rats. In a study published in the _Journal of Pain_, [reduced ECS function led to the proliferation of uterine lining growth in areas outside of the uterus](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2972363/). Research is ongoing to pinpoint the reason.\n\nA study published in _Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research_ shows promising results for using [cannabis as a treatment option for the pain associated with endometriosis](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436335/). Some experts believe [cannabis can be an effective alternative to estrogen replacement therapy](https://hellomd.com/articles/ease-the-symptoms-of-pms-perimenopause-and-menopause-with-cannabis-and-beyond/), a therapy option for some women going through menopause. \n\nA product that many report helps with the pain associated with endometriosis is [Foria Relief, a vaginal suppository that contains CBD and THC](https://hellomd.com/articles/menstrual-cramps-be-damned-with-new-cannabis-vaginal-suppository/), but won’t give you a head high. \n\n\n### Marijuana Pain Treatments for Women’s Health Issues\n\nAll of these conditions related to women’s health can cause debilitating pain at worst and an annoying inconvenience at best. According to a study conducted by Dr. Perry Solomon, chief medical officer of HelloMD, pain is the number one reason people turn to medical cannabis. And the body of research is growing, [showing cannabis as a viable treatment for chronic pain](https://hellomd.com/articles/new-research-proves-marijuana-effectively-controls-chronic-pain/)\n\nIf you’re experiencing pain because of a women’s health issue, cannabis could be an effective treatment option. As [Dr. Solomon always says](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m21czeJ8pJk), “go low and slow to start,” and gradually increase your dose until you achieve the desired effect. \n\nPhoto Credit: [Imani Clovis](https://unsplash.com/@imaniclovis) \n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://hellomd.com/articles/cannabis-101-what-you-need-to-know-about-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/14b42/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg","srcSet":"/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/f836f/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg 200w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/2244e/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg 400w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/14b42/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg 800w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/47498/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg 1200w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/0e329/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg 1600w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/349fa/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.jpg 3623w","srcWebp":"/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/58556/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/61e93/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp 200w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/1f5c5/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp 400w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/58556/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp 800w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/99238/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp 1200w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/7c22d/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp 1600w,\n/static/673d369aca0ee37078edb52dc59bc19e/5c48e/e375fad87c99c501f45af65ff0127633.webp 3623w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2487-markdown","title":"How Opioids & Cannabinoids Interact to Boost Pain Relief","slug":"how-opioids-and-cannabinoids-interact-to-boost-pain-relief","content":"Some recreational marijuana users like to take an oxycodone or another kind of opioid at the same time as cannabis, saying that this intensifies the high. Other people who take opioids for pain say that when they use cannabis, they’re able to take fewer opioids—or none at all. These effects indicate that each of these substances is able to enhance the effects of the other, and [recent \r\nresearch](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147148920900157x) now reveals why this might be true.  \r\n\r\nNumerous new studies show that a majority of people who use marijuana are able to either reduce their use of opioids for pain or stop them altogether—great news in the fight against the growing “opioid epidemic” in the U.S. This is because the human body is naturally primed to respond to both these substances, with built-in systems for opioid and cannabinoid receptors—and [these two systems interact in surprising and synergistic ways](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14706563). \r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### Opioid & Cannabinoid Receptor Systems Coexist—& Interact\r\n\r\nThe human body is rich in receptor systems—collections of cells that respond to the input of certain chemical triggers from inside and outside the body. Under ideal conditions, the body is able to manufacture its own supply of these chemicals, which regulate processes as diverse as mood, thinking and responses to pain. Substances from external sources can be similar enough to these natural chemicals to stimulate the same receptors. \r\n\r\nOver the past decade or so, a number of studies explored the relationship between opioids and marijuana for a better understanding of how these two systems interact in the brain and body. Some studies suggest that not only do cannabinoid and opioid receptors co-exist in many of the same areas of the brain, but that [opioids and cannabinoids may also directly interact with each other](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1751787/)\r\non a cellular level. \r\n\r\n### The Opioid Receptor System: Pleasure, Reward & Pain Control\r\n\r\nThe opioid receptor system is hard-wired into many areas of the brain, as well as the spine and digestive system, and is responsible for triggering responses related to pain control, pleasure and reward. The body produces its own naturally occurring opioids, including enkephalins, dynorphins and the endorphins responsible for the “high” folks experience while running and performing other kinds of exercise.  Opioid drugs, including prescription medications such as OxyContin or Vicodin, morphine, and the street drug heroin, also bind to these receptors, blocking pain signals and triggering powerful responses in the brain’s circuits of pleasure, reward and memory. \r\n\r\nBut opioid drugs can quickly overwhelm the body’s natural opioid receptor system. These drugs depress natural opioid production, causing a chain reaction that leads to rising levels of norepinephrine, a chemical responsible for stimulating respiration, heart rate and temperature, as well as the “flight or fight” response. Because the brainstem is rich in opioid receptors, an overdose of opioid drugs can depress those processes to the point of death.\r\n\r\nLong-term opioid use suppresses the excess norepinephrine that’s created when the body produces less of its natural opioids. When a person stops using opioids, this norepinephrine floods the system, causing the often severe effects of withdrawal. \r\n\r\n### The Endocannabinoid & Opioid Systems Overlap\r\n\r\nThe endocannabinoid system (ECS) is more widespread than the opioid system. The two known cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, are found in nearly every part of the body and respond both to the body’s own natural endocannabinoids—anandamide and 2AG—and to the very similar cannabis compounds tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD).  \r\n\r\nBecause cannabinoid receptors are so numerous throughout the body, it’s no surprise that these receptors share space with opioid receptors in many areas of the brain and spine— with one notable exception: the brainstem. The brainstem  is rich in opioid receptors but nearly free of cannabinoid ones. That explains why large doses of opioids can depress respiration and other functions to the point of death, but marijuana overdose alone does not cause death.\r\n\r\nRELATED: [WHAT IS THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/what-is-the-endocannabinoid-system)\r\n\r\nLarge numbers of opioid and cannabinoid receptors are found in areas of the brain related to pleasure, reward and pain control, so both [opioid drugs and cannabis can cause similar feelings of relaxation, euphoria and relief from pain](http://ns.umich.edu/new/releases/23622-medical-marijuana-reduces-use-of-opioid-pain-meds-decreases-risk-for-some-with-chronic-pain). But because of the opioid receptor system’s relatively limited distribution, its effects are largely confined to those three things. \r\n\r\nIn comparison, the ECS affects a wide range of processes and functions directly, or indirectly, by triggering responses in other kinds of receptors. But the [close proximity of those two receptor systems in key areas of the brain and spine]( https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2011/12/11077/ucsf-study-finds-medical-marijuana-could-help-patients-reduce-pain-opiates) make it possible for opioid drugs to affect the endocannabinoid system, and for cannabis to affect the opioid system.\r\n\r\n### Opioids & Cannabinoids Enhance Each Other’s Effects\r\n\r\nOpioids and cannabis compounds can also interact indirectly, as part of the signaling cross-talk among these and other systems in the body, so that they contribute to the expression of other kinds of neurotransmitters farther down the line. In that way, THC is able to enhance the potency of opioids, and certain opioid receptors can boost the pain-relieving properties of THC and CBD. \r\n\r\nCannabis can also make it easier to withdraw from opioids, because it moderates the mechanisms that trigger withdrawal symptoms and reduces the need for medications like methadone or buprenorphine to help folks get through withdrawal.\r\n\r\nPeople who consume opioid drugs and marijuana often say that these substances can have a significant effect on each other, and now science supports their claims. Opioid and cannabinoid receptors not only share space in the brain and spine, but opioids and cannabis can also interact on deeper levels, creating a synergy that boosts the effects of both. Many questions remain about the complicated interactions between these systems, but recent insights about their relationship may lead to new alternatives for pain control—and a way out of the epidemic of opioid abuse. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Théo](https://www.flickr.com/photos/lenny_montana/)\r\n\r\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/14b42/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg","srcSet":"/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/f836f/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg 200w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/2244e/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg 400w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/14b42/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg 800w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/47498/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg 1200w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/0e329/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg 1600w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/745df/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.jpg 1946w","srcWebp":"/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/58556/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/61e93/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp 200w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/1f5c5/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp 400w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/58556/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp 800w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/99238/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp 1200w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/7c22d/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp 1600w,\n/static/68c51425dc40d954d23680d6460b94a5/07df4/4bf375dd2b5c23be150f87d39a3e2a52.webp 1946w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2445-markdown","title":"How Cannabis Can Break the Cycle of Opioid Abuse","slug":"how-cannabis-can-break-the-cycle-of-opioid-abuse","content":"The American opioid epidemic claims nearly a hundred lives a day to overdose deaths. The cycle of abuse and dependence affects millions more as people of all ages seek relief from chronic pain and find themselves addicted. But recent studies show that an overwhelming majority of patients seeking pain relief are able to reduce their opioid use by taking some form of cannabis—and many are able to stop taking prescription opioids altogether. New discoveries about the complex connections between the body’s receptor systems for opioids and marijuana reveal why cannabis can be a safe and effective way to break the cycle of opioid use, addiction and withdrawal.\n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### The State of Opioid Use in America\n\nThe United States accounts for only around 5% of the world’s population, but the country uses more than 80% of the world’s supply of opioids—powerfully addictive pain medications including oxycodone, Vicodin and morphine.\n\nThese drugs are prescribed routinely for treating pain from surgery and for other conditions like arthritis or cancer. Although in most cases they’re intended for short-term use, many people continue to take them for months or even years. And when opioid medications become too hard to get, many turn to their famous street drug cousin, heroin—a risky course that can also include exposure to additives like fentanyl, a synthetic opioid 100 times stronger than morphine. \n\n### How Opioids Work on Our Bodies & Brains\n\nOpioids exert their addictive power thanks to their strong, immediate effect on the body’s own system of opioid receptors. These cells in the brain, spine and digestive system normally respond to natural opioids produced by the body itself, such as dynorphin, enkalephin and the endorphins responsible for the well-known euphoria of a runner’s high.  \n\nOpioid receptors are highly concentrated in the brain, especially in areas responsible for modulating responses to stress; pain; and the cycle of pleasure, reward and learning that supports survival. To produce a feeling of calm and relief from pain, opioids depress the production of a key chemical called [norepinephrine](http://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/norepinephrine). This neurotransmitter activates during stressful situations, but is also responsible for maintaining essential functions in the brainstem such as wakefulness, respiration and heartbeat. An overdose of opioids can suppress these functions to the point of death.\n\n### Cannabinoid & Opioid Receptor Systems Affect Each Other\n\nAlongside the opioid receptor system is a vast network of cannabinoid receptors called the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoid receptors are activated by natural processes that create chemicals within the body similar to cannabis, as well as by cannabis in any of its many forms. Cannabinoid receptors are found in most organs and tissues, including the same areas as opioid receptors, with one notable exception: the brainstem. That’s why an overdose of cannabis is unlikely to cause death, because there are very few cannabinoid receptors in the brainstem where your body’s essential functions are regulated.\n\nBoth opioids and marijuana activate common pathways in the brain that are related to pleasure and reward. They also affect the brain’s noradrenergic system, which is responsible for releasing norepinephrine and other chemicals related to the flight or fight response. That’s why both cannabis and opioids can produce a calming feeling.  \n\nUntil relatively recently, research on cannabis and opioids focused on the differences between the opioid and cannabinoid receptor systems to explain why both can reduce pain, but aren’t addictive in the same way. But some [newer studies suggest that these two systems may actually interact with each other](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22048225) —and that this synergy is the key to using cannabis as a way out of opioid dependence.\n\n### Marijuana Can Ease Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms\n\nWhen opioids are used in high quantities, or for long periods, they disrupt the noradrenergic system. More norepinephrine is released, but opioids suppress its expression. Then when a person stops using opioids, those high levels of norepinephrine flood the system, causing withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, chills and diarrhea. \n\nTo ease these side effects, detox and withdrawal programs usually use a combination of an opioid agonist—a chemical that binds to and activates a receptor—like buprenorphine or methadone (both opioids themselves), plus a drug such as clonidine, which suppresses norepinephrine production. Over time, many people continue to take these kinds of medications to stave off withdrawal and work on their recovery. But active compounds in marijuana may be able to break this cycle of using opioids to treat opioid dependence.\n\nRELATED: [CANNABIS: AN EXIT DRUG FOR THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/59f0d5d6453ba8000f3478d6/cannabis-an-exit-drug-for-the-opioid-epidemic)\n\nOne of the body’s two cannabis receptors, CB1, occurs abundantly in areas of the brain related to noradrenergic activity. Researchers think that using cannabis compounds such as cannabidiol (CBD) may increase the production of the body’s own natural opioids. This can [make opioid drugs more effective for pain relief](https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/755388) and also moderate the release of norepinephrine thereby [reducing the severity of withdrawal symptoms](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742578/). Not only that, but tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, may increase the release of enkephalin, which can help to stabilize activity in the brainstem during opioid withdrawal.\n\n### Cannabis: Safer and More Effective for Pain\n\nCannabis is still on the government’s highly restrictive Schedule 1 list of drugs along with heroin and other opioids. Unfortunately, this encourages the belief that these two substances are the same: equally addictive and equally harmful. But a growing body of research continues to confirm that marijuana is a safer and potentially more effective treatment for pain than opioids.\n\nIn one recent study conducted by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, in partnership with HelloMD, [71% of nearly 3,000 active cannabis and opioids users said that cannabis was better than opioids for pain relief](https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/06/survey-pain-patients-overwhelmingly-prefer-medical-marijuana-over-opioids/) —and 97% said that they could reduce their use of opioids if marijuana was available. These findings echo other recent research showing that a majority of patients prefer marijuana to opioids for pain relief—and new insights into the interaction between the body’s cannabinoid and opioid receptor systems may reveal why.\n\nThe differences between the two systems help explain why cannabis is safer and less addictive than prescription opioids. But it’s the unexpected connections they share that may just hold the missing key to breaking the cycle of dependence on opioid drugs.\n\nPhoto credit: [Marco Verch](https://www.flickr.com/people/149561324@N03/)\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56201c206430320006bb0000/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  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