{"componentChunkName":"component---common-build-tags-template-js","path":"/tag/outdoor-growing/","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"Article_2789-markdown","title":"Legalization Encourages Sustainable Marijuana Farming","slug":"legalization-encourages-sustainable-marijuana-farming","content":"With legalization taking root in states throughout the U.S., [many innovative sustainable farming options have emerged for cannabis growers](https://www.coloradopotguide.com/colorado-marijuana-blog/article/cannabis-sustainability-how-marijuana-can-go-greener/). One of the most important outgrowths of the legal cannabis market in states like California is the necessity of following strict cultivation guidelines.\n\nIn the days when the black market was a farmer’s only option, nothing prevented unscrupulous growers from using questionable methods to bring their bud to harvest. Now that legalized cannabis must be tested before it reaches a retailer’s display case, the focus has rightfully shifted to sustainable growing practices.\n\nBut what exactly is sustainable cannabis farming? \n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\n### Sustainability: Growing Marijuana for the Future\n\nThe definition of sustainable farming isn’t exclusive to cannabis. Farmers across the world have been adapting sustainable farm practices for decades or longer. There are a few hallmarks of sustainable agriculture, which are outlined succinctly by the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program at UC Davis:\n\n“The goal of sustainable agriculture is to meet society’s food and textile needs in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Practitioners of sustainable agriculture seek to integrate three main objectives into their work: a healthy environment, economic profitability, and social and economic equity.”\n\nOne of the upsides of legalization is the necessity for farmers to incorporate sustainability into their farming practices. These include but aren’t limited to:\n\n* Maintaining soil health\n* Conserving water \n* Using environmentally friendly products in growing and production \n\nSustainability models also support healthy, safe environments for farm workers. \n\nThese days, the crossover between farmers, soil scientists, water control boards, and local and state regulatory agencies can make growing cannabis a daunting enterprise. But there are many indicators that overall, [the cannabis industry is moving toward accepting sustainable agriculture practices](https://www.denverpost.com/2017/04/14/making-the-cannabis-industry-greener/).\n\n### Legal Cannabis Excels in Sensible Water Use\n\nFarmers are working overtime to bring their gardens and industry into a world where [science and technology can help increase crop yields and protect the environment](https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/06/marijuana-organic-cannabis-industry-goes-green-energy-water-pesticides/).  \n\nManaging water use is key to sustainable farming. [Cannabis farmers are responding to the need to protect the environment](https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2017/02/06/why-californias-cannabis-industry-will-lead-water-innovation) by:\n\n* Installing drip irrigation\n* Using precise infusions of fertilizers to curtail runoff \n* Following best practices from dairy and other agriculture to make every precious drop of water count\n\n### Sustainable Marijuana Farming Can Be Economical \n\nOne of the knocks against cannabis cultivation, especially indoor growers, is the traditionally steep energy costs associated with expensive lighting. But the advent of lower-energy LED lights and other conservation techniques are beginning to show a [downtick in energy use by marijuana growers](https://www.thecannabist.co/2017/03/31/cannabis-industry-energy-use-declining/76454/). \n\nPower companies like [California’s Pacific Gas and Electric offer up to $100,000 in interest-free financing](https://www.greenstate.com/news/cannabis-goes-green-with-sustainable-business-practices/) for LED lighting. This is part of the growing evidence that [sustainable farming is cost effective](https://www.bendbulletin.com/localstate/marijuana/5904808-151/sustainable-practices-profit-cannabis-companies) for farmers and for the energy grid. There are many more incentives in legalized cannabis states encouraging farmers to replace outdated technology with more sustainable practices.\n\n### Does Sustainable Farming Equal Organic Cannabis? \n\nIf you visit a retailer who claims to sell organic cannabis, Russell Green, founder and owner of Kure Wellness in Ukiah, CA, would respond with: Buyer beware. \n\nFor years, the USDA struggled with manufacturers marketing products as natural or organic before creating strict regulations that defined what these words actually mean. “Today, as unscrupulous marketers tout their wares as organic, the cannabis industry is in much the same situation,” says Russell. “Because cannabis is federally illegal, the USDA will not allow cannabis to be certified as organic,” he explains. \n\nIn fact, the word organic is _literally_ owned by the federal government, with [fines of up to $11,000 per violation for businesses who illegally represent their products as organic](https://www.ams.usda.gov/services/enforcement/organic).\n \nMeeting the [high bar for organic cannabis certification is  complicated](https://www.thecannabist.co/2017/01/19/organic-marijuana-cultivation-commercial-usda-nop/68305/). In standard agriculture, inputs up and down the lifecycle of a plant must meet or exceed organic standards in order to be certified.\n\n“The majority of organically based cannabis rooting substrates like coco coir and rock wool generally have inorganic elements added to them. Unfortunately, this means that the vast majority of cannabis seedlings start their lives in a product that would not meet federal organic standards,” Russell continues.\n\nFertilizers are another gray area. Many cannabis companies produce fertilizers containing a combination of synthetic and organic nutrients. Unless a product is consistent with the [USDA’s National Organic Program](https://www.ams.usda.gov/about-ams/programs-offices/national-organic-program), it probably wouldn’t pass muster were the farm able to undergo a USDA compliance review.\n\n### Sustainable Marijuana Certifications to Look Out for \n\n“The best farmers use products and practices that exceed stringent local and state regulatory standards,” says Russell. “As a farmer myself, I look at the types of pesticides and growing practices used by cultivators wanting to sell their products at our store. Most farmers we work with rely solely on [products certified by the Organic Materials Review Institute](https://www.omri.org).” \n\nBecause licensed cannabis retailers in California may only work with licensed marijuana farmers, all flowers and all other products are now subject to lab testing. “There are very few non-organic pesticides available to commercial cultivators. Any cannabis containing traces of unacceptable pesticides will never pass mandatory lab testing, and we’re seeing this play out with product recalls right now,” Russell notes.\n\nIn addition to the type and amount of cannabis in a product, Kure Wellness looks at the other ingredients that make up an edible or ingested item. “We place preference on manufacturers who use certified organic ingredients in their edibles, and we prefer concentrate manufacturers who use solvent-free [extraction] techniques,” says Russell.\n\nFor a fee, a few companies certify farms as meeting organic standards. “Until the USDA certifies farms as organic, we will respect the government’s definition of the word organic and only use it to describe general growing practices, and not entire product lines or farms. Our existing relationships with farmers are the best way to determine use of inorganic chemicals and pesticides. Our standard is, ‘Would we feel comfortable giving this product to our grandmother?’ If the answer is no, we don’t have a deal,” Russell says with a smile.  \n\n### Regenerative Cannabis Farming: The Next Frontier \n\nMany sustainable farmers are upping their game and taking their practices to the next level. DEMPure Farms is one example of a certification company that represents over 60 farms in Oregon, California, Washington and other legal states. They’re committed to a polyculture approach to cannabis farming. To receive their Pure certification, farms are required to:\n\n* Produce food \n* Have pollinator gardens \n* Practice seed-saving \n* Grow in the soil \n\nFarms must also refrain from:\n\n* Using petrochemical solvents \n* Selling or giving their product to manufacturers that extract cannabis oils using solvents \n* Using GMOs \n* Employing synthetic pots or synthetic fertilizers \n\nFor the farms that certify with DEMPure, the philosophy is that sustainability isn’t enough. That’s why they promote no-till farming, using compost and compost tea, cover crops, crop rotation, worm farming and integrating farm animals into the operation. \n\nTo a traditional farmer, it may sound like cannabis farms have come full circle—and are now just plain old farms.\n\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56201c206430320006bb0000/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. \n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3888888888888888,"src":"/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/14b42/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg","srcSet":"/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/f836f/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg 200w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/2244e/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg 400w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/14b42/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg 800w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/47498/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg 1200w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/0e329/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg 1600w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/1e649/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.jpg 1981w","srcWebp":"/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/58556/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/61e93/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp 200w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/1f5c5/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp 400w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/58556/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp 800w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/99238/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp 1200w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/7c22d/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp 1600w,\n/static/c300c5acf78b65b1f7c10470b6c2b376/8aa02/41469ce583233ca13801ac2eeca8a495.webp 1981w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2658-markdown","title":"Unsafe Growing Practices Harm the Environment & Your Health","slug":"unsafe-growing-practices-harm-the-environment-and-your-health","content":"For about 50 years, California’s cannabis market was firmly rooted in the underground. Prior to marijuana legalization this year, many people entered the industry with one motive: the pursuit of the almighty dollar.\n\nIt’s pleasant to imagine a world where all of the farmers who tend the estimated 50,000 cannabis gardens statewide are committed to safe growing practices that support both consumers and the environment. Unfortunately, that thought can be filed under “pipe dreams.” Flagrant disregard for the environment has been one of the most shameful outcomes of the previously unregulated marijuana industry. \n\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\n\nMarijuana legalization advocates hoped that a regulated cannabis market would help to weed out growing practices that result in irreparable damage to the environment—[killing wildlife, endangering watercourses and affecting everyone who lives downstream](http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/california-forum/article148488874.html). \n\nNow, more than ever, it’s imperative that responsible consumers understand where their cannabis comes from. Your health and the environmental health of the regions that supply the bulk of cannabis to California are inextricably connected. And even if you don’t live in California, it’s important to see what’s going on in the state to help make sure the same thing doesn’t happen where you live. \n\n### The Cannabis Black Market Created an Environmental Black Hole \n\nCannabis may be called a weed, but today’s plants are more akin to pedigreed poodles. To create higher yields and to produce more fragrant, stronger strains, the plant has been groomed to perform under lights and in challenging weather conditions—from searing heat to pounding autumnal rains and even snow.\n\nBoth outdoor and indoor growing conditions are vectors for insect pests and fungi that can decimate an entire crop. Cannabis-specific amendments were created to maximize yield, address pest and mold issues, and produce the kindest bud. \n\nInsect pests such as mites, thrips and aphids become immune to pesticides. To save an ailing crop, farmers are often forced to use increasingly dangerous substances, with some growers exercising no concern for the safety of the consumer or the animal life that might come in contact with these products.\n \nRodenticides—rat poisons—are lethal. Countless illegal trespass grows, which are still common on state and federal lands, have been found to be the equivalent of toxic dump sites. This has resulted in the [near-extinction of the Pacific Fisher](https://www.theatlantic.com/amp/article/521352/), a small, weasel-like animal. Only 500 fishers are left in Northern California, and studies confirm that they’ve been dying due to rat poison consumed at illegal cannabis grows. \n\nA Humboldt County Environmental Impact Report estimates that only 2,300, or 15%, of the 15,000 cannabis gardens in the region have opted into the county’s marijuana legalization process. If you purchase your outdoor marijuana flower from an unregulated source, understand that you could be supporting criminals who are systematically ravaging our forest ecosystems.\n\n### Everything Flows Downstream—Including What’s Used in Illegal Cannabis Grows\n\nThe years of drought have taken an incalculable toll on California’s water resources. And no species is more dependent on healthy, clean water than coho and Chinook salmon, which may be [close to extinction](https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/03/22/how-changing-marijuana-laws-may-affect-californias-water-and-wildlife), in part from the unscrupulous theft of water by illegal marijuana growers. These growers divert water from salmonid breeding sites while others clear-cut forest lands to create unregulated growing sites, creating smothering siltation, which clogs streams and kills fish.\n\nFertilizers, kerosene, diesel and even human waste at illicit marijuana gardens have been discovered in and around our precious watercourses, creating additional concerns for rural residents and ultimately, for everyone coming into contact with these watersheds.\n\n### The Heavy Environmental Costs of Indoor Cannabis Growing\n\nSome cannabis enthusiasts make compelling arguments for the superiority of indoor-cultivated marijuana. But those hothouse flowers come at a price. Unregulated indoor grows are often improperly wired, creating hazardous conditions that have led to dangerous fires threatening entire neighborhoods. \n\nA [recent raid of over 100 residential houses in seven California counties](http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8188077-181/us-seizes-northern-california-pot-growing) yielded 36,000 plants. Illegal indoor operations are often associated with heavy mold and insect infestations, which once introduced to a grow room are virtually impossible to permanently eradicate, forcing growers to depend more and more on powerful—and in some cases illegal—pesticides and fungicides. The chemicals used to grow marijuana in these suburban neighborhoods go right down the drain and into city water tables, creating unknown consequences for local water agencies.\n\nKristen Nevedal, chair of the International Cannabis Farmers Association, studied data [comparing state-issued indoor and outdoor cannabis licenses](https://www.projectcbd.org/green-rush-blues-california-cannabis-after-legalization). Based on California’s various Type 3 licenses (for medium-sized indoor and outdoor growing operations), indoor operations producing six or more annual harvests expends the same amount of energy as adding nearly 300 houses to the electrical grid. Equivalent outdoor gardens expend energy that adds about 82 houses to the grid. But outdoor farmers pay more taxes and are paid less per pound for their cannabis flowers. \n\n### How Safe Is My Cannabis? \n\nBecause cannabis remains federally illegal, there’s a limited amount of knowledge about the effects of pesticides and fungicides on consumers. But as more and more states have adopted regulatory frameworks, a troubling pattern has emerged. Toxic residue has been found in _regulated_ cannabis in Colorado, Oregon and California. \n\nOne UC Davis 2017 study of 20 Northern California marijuana samples concluded that because of the presence of molds and fungi, those with [compromised immune systems and other serious health conditions shouldn’t smoke marijuana](http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article131391629.html). In some cases, [fungi and bacteria can severely affect patient health](http://www.emeraldreport.com/why-testing-weed-for-fungus-may-save-your-life/). [Steep Hill Labs has been working with UC Davis](https://hightimes.com/grow/tainted-the-problem-with-pot-and-pesticides/amp/) to learn more about this issue. Today, legal cannabis sold in licensed dispensaries must be tested for microbiological agents (bacteria and fungi) and chemical residues (pesticides and herbicides). \n\n### Is Cannabis Legalization Addressing CA Environmental Problems? \n\nNorthern California counties are bearing the brunt of this crisis, and recently [Yuba County declared a state of emergency](http://amp.sacbee.com/news/state/california/california-weed/article192665729.html), in part due to the number of illegal marijuana sites that they’re unable to eradicate. In 2017, Governor Jerry Brown added $1.5 million to his budget to address cleanup of toxic cannabis sites in Humboldt, Mendocino and Trinity counties. \n\nIt’s hoped that a [2017 report drafted by the state’s Department of Food and Agriculture leaves some room for optimism](http://www.thecannifornian.com/cannabis-business/cultivation/report-cannabis-cultivation-wont-harm-californias-environment-growers-stick-new-rules/). The report was praised by the California Growers Association and a number of environmental agencies, whose members hope that the higher standards placed on the industry, as well as beefed-up enforcement efforts, will begin to reduce the allure of the unregulated market.\n\nUltimately, the demise of black market cannabis and the destruction it brings to California’s environment is in the hands of consumers choosing the regulated market over the unregulated one. \n\n### 3 Ways Marijuana Consumers Can Help Preserve CA Ecosystems\n\n**1. Know the source of your medicine.** Make sure you’re purchasing cannabis from a licensed dispensary by [checking your dispensary’s status](https://aca5.accela.com/bcc/Cap/CapHome.aspx?module=Licenses&ShowMyPermitList=N ) on the state’s website.\n\n**2. Stay informed.** Follow the work of the [California Growers Association](https://www.calgrowersassociation.org) and the [International Cannabis Farmers Association](http://icfa.farm), both of which are working for farmers and supporting the best legislative solutions to protect our environment.\n\n**3. Remember, “organic” and “sun-grown” are not legal terms.** Look for cannabis that has been certified by reputable third-party certifiers such as [Clean Green](https://cleangreencertified.com/?_ga=2.244024845.924514412.1523301619-1109615046.1523301619) to ensure your cannabis meets the highest health and environmental safety standards.\n\nPhoto credit: [Chris De Wit](https://unsplash.com/@skyxperience)\n \nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://hellomd.com/articles/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online.  \n","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3793103448275863,"src":"/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/14b42/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.jpg","srcSet":"/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/f836f/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.jpg 200w,\n/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/2244e/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.jpg 400w,\n/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/14b42/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.jpg 800w,\n/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/47498/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.jpg 1200w","srcWebp":"/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/58556/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/61e93/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.webp 200w,\n/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/1f5c5/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.webp 400w,\n/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/58556/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.webp 800w,\n/static/2edb7b8042942769544dff7b9ce17534/99238/448fb5d824daeda724736b53705a6486.webp 1200w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2647-markdown","title":"Outdoor Cannabis Farmers Facing Unprecedented Crisis in CA ","slug":"outdoor-cannabis-farmers-facing-unprecedented-crisis-in-ca","content":"Chiah Rodriques is CEO of [Mendocino Generations](https://mendocinogenerations.com), a consortium of 60 outdoor, artisanal cannabis farmers based in Mendocino County—the heart of the Emerald Triangle. In this exclusive HelloMD interview, Chiah discusses how legalization in California may affect access to some of the best, cleanest and most effective cannabis flowers and products available.\r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### Legendary Cannabis Farmers Are Calling it Quits \r\n\r\n“People are definitely leaving the industry, including some farmers with Mendocino Generations. It’s one of the hardest, saddest parts of my job,” says Chiah. “Some are quitting because they are nearing retirement and feel the new regulations are beyond their ability to navigate. They’re saying, ‘Why should I put all my savings into something that isn’t workable?’” \r\n\r\nOthers are quitting because they’re not technologically savvy. Adds Chiah, “Along with our ongoing responsibilities, we’re now required to enter data, get inventory into the system and stay connected to the state and county.”\r\n\r\nShe explains that it takes farmers an average of 10 hours per week just to enter data for state- and county-mandated metric systems. Many areas of the Emerald Triangle have no broadband, meaning some farmers must travel significant distances just to access wifi. \r\n\r\n### Marijuana Farmers Struggling With “Big Cannabis” Demands\r\n\r\nThe relationship among farmers, state-regulated distributors, environmental agencies and the state licensing process is described as confusing, contradictory and most disturbingly for the Mendocino Generations farmers, geared toward “big cannabis” producers who can easily afford teams of accountants, attorneys, administrative assistants, consultants, social media specialists and marketing agents—all necessary to operate within the sphere of legal recreational cannabis.\r\n\r\n“Patients may notice fewer varieties of cannabis flowers and products on the market since January,” says Chiah. “In part, it’s because of the license-to-license situation we’re facing. Many distributors were unable to get licenses right away. Farmers had to apply for temporary state licenses, and then had just 120 days to apply for annual licenses. The state realizes they are behind schedule, so that date may be extended.”\r\n\r\n### Cannabis Farmers Held to Impossible Standards\r\n\r\nOutdoor farmers grow the majority of California’s organic cannabis—free of pesticides, molds and other harmful additives. Mendocino County is also famous for the development of some of the most celebrated cannabis genetics, created by a few of the very farmers leaving the industry.\r\n \r\nMendocino Generation’s farmers are vocal advocates for responsible environmental practices for all farmers, not just for those who grow marijuana. As stated by Sonoma County’s Agriculture Commissioner Tony Linegar [during a recent state hearing](http://www.ukiahdailyjournal.com/article/NP/20180306/news/180309920), he can’t imagine any agricultural enterprise that could successfully operate under the constraints of today’s cannabis regulations. \r\n\r\n“The state's Livescan fingerprinting systems are still not up and running. We were supposed to receive state templates addressing security, pest management and waste plans. These were promised some time ago. Now we have deadlines approaching and planting season around the corner. Do we create our own templates or risk forfeiting our 120-day temporary licenses? No one knows,” Chiah continues.\r\n\r\n### Legalization Costs for Outdoor Marijuana Farmers Skyrocket\r\n\r\nChiah and her husband are second-generation farmers who’ve been growing cannabis on their off-grid family property for nearly 20 years. They’ve been doing everything possible to ensure their farm complies with county and state guidelines. But compliance comes with a hefty price. \r\n\r\n“We had a cultivation permit for a 10,000 square-foot mixed-light outdoor garden. For us, that means we place a tarp over our greenhouse to deprive light to our plants. Under the current regulations, we’re classified as a Tier 1 or Tier 2 mixed-light designation, which means we’re paying an an additional $6,000 above and beyond our $4,600 fee, essentially for a tarp,” Chiah says. “I think the state assumes we’re pulling in multiple harvests, but off-grid, small farmers can’t do that. If we don’t pay this gigantic expense when we get approved, we don’t get licensed. Many farmers are in this boat, and we’re trying to find a workable solution.”\r\n\r\nRELATED: [PROP 64 ROLLOUT: HAS IT PUT THE CANNABIS INDUSTRY IN TROUBLE?](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/5aa2e353f24d1300077ccb81/prop-64-rollout-has-it-put-the-cannabis-industry-in-trouble)\r\n\r\n### Power in Numbers: Cannabis Associations Pooling Energy & Resources\r\n\r\nThe cannabis farming community hasn’t had the luxury of hiring lobbyists, social media influencers and political action committees. Mendocino Generations is banding together with like-minded organizations to try and create solutions and engender support.\r\n\r\n“We’re working with the [Mendocino Appellation Project](http://www.thelocalgreen.com/the-local-green/mapping-mendocino-cannabis-appellations/), the Mendocino County Regional branch of the [California Growers Association](https://www.calgrowersassociation.org), a farmer co-op called Emerald Grown and the Round Valley Growers Association,” explains Chiah. “We’re all helping farmers on a regular basis.”\r\n\r\nThe groups are advocating for “an alliance of alliances” as a way to aggregate information and create more streamlined communication for cannabis farmers.\r\n\r\n### Small Marijuana Businesses Are Struggling to Survive \r\n\r\nChiah is an herbalist who for years has been making cannabis medicines combined with complementary herbs. She fears microbusinesses may be hit hardest by local and state regulations.\r\n\r\n“There is no clear path for the amazing people who have been creating homemade cannabis salves and medicines, in some cases, for generations. I don’t believe pouring alcohol over a jar of herbs should be categorized as a volatile process. Concentrate-making requires mega-licenses, which is completely unrealistic for those who have cottage industries. Why do we have to go through this insane process to make salve?” she notes.\r\n\r\n### Stress Is Taking a Toll on Family Cannabis Farmers\r\n\r\nAdrenal fatigue, burnout, anxiety and stress aren’t unusual in today’s farming community. “Everyone is using their cannabis medicine, but at some point, it’s not helping anymore,” Chiah says.\r\n\r\nHalf of Mendocino Generations’ farmers are families with small children. “Self-advocacy is taking its toll,” Chiah adds. “We have a member farmer who is pregnant and due next month. She’s a committed cannabis advocate who sits on six county working groups. She lives over two hours from the county seat and four hours from Sacramento. This is affecting her health and the health of her baby. We’ve started a fundraising campaign to help provide support.” \r\n\r\n### What Solutions Do Marijuana Farmers Propose? \r\n\r\n“Reducing fees across the board is critical for small farmers, and maybe redefining the definition of what a small farmer is,” says Chiah. Humboldt County has a much broader interpretation of what constitutes a small farm. “We’re at a disadvantage in that way here in Mendocino.”\r\n\r\nMarijuana cultivators must also prepay a fixed tax rate to Mendocino County. “No other industry has to prepay taxes. We pay thousands of tax dollars to the county, whether we sell one ounce of cannabis or not,” explains Chia. “Our money needs to be spent on good inputs, good soil, good supplies and good staff, which all benefits our county.”\r\n\r\nAnother escalating cost is testing, the fees for which have doubled, according to Chiah, who adds, “We’re paying for original and backup samples simultaneously, which costs $300–$500 per batch, depending on the lab you use. For those growing from seed, every individual plant must get tested. Because our costs are rising, farmers will have to charge more, and sadly, that cost will trickle down to patients and consumers.”\r\n\r\n### How Can You Support Cannabis Farmers? \r\n\r\n* Visit the [California Cannabis Portal](https://cannabis.ca.gov), which outlines the regulations currently in place for the industry. \r\n\r\n* Familiarize yourself with your city and county’s regulations. Attend meetings and learn how you can help your local community.\r\n\r\n* Is a favorite cannabis strain or product unavailable? Ask your retailer why. Learn how what’s happening on farms impacts access to healthy medicine.\r\n\r\n* Become a member of cannabis advocacy groups and stay abreast of the latest news. \r\n\r\n* Support outdoor, organic farmers by asking your supplier where your medicine comes from. Purchase your medicine from small, family farmers when possible.\r\n\r\nIf you’re new to cannabis and want to learn more, take a look at our [Cannabis 101](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/cannabis-101-your-quick-guide-to-medical-marijuana) post. [HelloMD](https://www.hellomd.com/) can help you get your medical marijuana recommendation; it's easy, private and 100% online. ","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3793103448275863,"src":"/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/14b42/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg","srcSet":"/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/f836f/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg 200w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/2244e/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg 400w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/14b42/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg 800w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/47498/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg 1200w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/0e329/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg 1600w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/53a1a/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.jpg 3290w","srcWebp":"/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/58556/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/61e93/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp 200w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/1f5c5/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp 400w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/58556/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp 800w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/99238/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp 1200w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/7c22d/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp 1600w,\n/static/a390c5f1e0a27cc02af4b0cdc8b16402/f884c/0b1b050ae072a1a159afdc7615a1b725.webp 3290w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Article_2587-markdown","title":"How Growing Methods Affect the Cannabis You Consume","slug":"how-growing-methods-affect-the-cannabis-you-consume","content":"Indoors, outdoors or greenhouse—if you’ve been to a medical marijuana dispensary lately, you may have noticed that there can be a big difference in pricing depending on how the cannabis was grown. Clients often ask me whether they should stick with cannabis grown by one of these methods. The truth is, there are reasons why any one of these common growing methods may gain favor in the eyes of a given individual. In this article, part of our series for cannabis newcomers, we’ll discuss how these different growing conditions can affect the cannabis produced. \r\n\r\nFOLLOW US ON [FACEBOOK](https://www.facebook.com/pg/hellomdcompany/posts/) & [INSTAGRAM](https://www.instagram.com/hellomd_com/?hl=en)\r\n\r\n### Why Some Patients Will Pay More for Indoor-Grown Cannabis\r\n\r\nOne question new cannabis patients often ask me is why it costs more to purchase indoor cannabis over cannabis grown outdoors. For one, it simply costs more to produce indoor-grown cannabis. While outdoor-grown cannabis relies on natural resources like the sun and soil, an indoor grow requires significant monetary resources to build, install and run things like the physical structure, lighting, air-conditioning and dehumidifiers, soil or hydroponic equipment, irrigation system, fans, nutrients and more—all towards helping recreate the natural environment indoors. This artificial environment often comes with a steep price tag, one that’s passed on to the cannabis consumer. \r\n\r\nOf course, the main reason why some patients are willing to spend more on indoor-grown marijuana products is the quality of the resulting medicine. In many respects, the controlled environment can result in higher-quality cannabis. Indoor grows protect cannabis from the harsh elements of the great outdoors. Cannabis can toughen up when exposed to wind and drastic temperature changes; it can also become pest-ridden and discolored by the sun.\r\n\r\nIn contrast, indoor cannabis flowers are usually more “kind.” This term means that the flower or bud of the plant is softer, tighter, denser as well as more colorful, crystal-covered, flavorful and aromatic. It can also mean that there’s a higher ratio of cannabinoids and terpenes relative to excess plant material. \r\n\r\nWhile some argue that outdoor-grown cannabis can be just as kind and high quality as the indoor variety (and occasionally a cultivator in an ideal outdoor growing environment can and does produce very kind flower), some consumers still prefer indoor-grown cannabis, keeping demand—as well as prices—high for this type of plant. \r\n\r\n### The Downsides of Indoor-Grown Cannabis\r\n\r\nOn the down side, the controlled environment that makes indoor-grown cannabis so kind also relies on a lot of electricity. This means that [indoor-grown marijuana isn’t always the most eco-friendly](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/56fdadd310f1d5000c000044/marijuanas-dirty-secret-energy-consumption). Indoor grows also use artificial light to drive plant and resin growth; this method doesn’t have the same full spectrum of light that the sun, moon and stars can provide—these natural light sources are able to bring out a more complex array of terpenes and cannabinoids than is usually seen in indoor-grown cannabis. For those who prefer more complex terpene profiles, indoor-grown marijuana may be an inferior option to high-quality sungrown cannabis. \r\n\r\nRELATED: [GROWING MARIJUANA AT HOME](https://www.hellomd.com/health-wellness/583c6e1c925c1a000b5028fe/growing-your-marijuana-at-home)\r\n\r\n### The Benefits of Outdoor-Grown Cannabis\r\n\r\nIn contrast to indoor cannabis, outdoor-grown plants tend to be available for much lower prices. Outdoor cannabis can use the natural environment for much of what it needs, and it can grow as much as the sun and nature’s available nutrients allow it to. This allows for cheaper prices, making it much more sustainable for patients who need to consume cannabis as an everyday medicine. \r\n\r\nPrice is one reason folks prefer outdoor-grown cannabis, but patients also often prefer the effects of the complex terpene and cannabinoid profiles brought out by natural light. For those more sensitive to the differences in these chemical components of cannabis, outdoor-grown marijuana may be a better option. \r\n\r\nOutdoor cannabis also has a much lower carbon footprint than most indoor cannabis, because it doesn’t require the large electricity output that indoor-grown cannabis needs for lighting, cooling, dehumidifying and other systems. Patients concerned about the environmental impact of indoor grows often cite it as a reason for why they prefer outdoor-grown cannabis. \r\n\r\n### The Downsides of Outdoor-Grown Cannabis\r\n\r\nThat said, outdoor-grown cannabis isn’t environmentally friendly on all counts. Those concerned about sustainability and preserving the environment should be aware that while outdoor-grown cannabis is the best method for reducing your carbon footprint, it’s the absolute worst when it comes to conserving water. Sitting out in the full sun, these plants suck up a lot of water. As well, though some water will make it to the plant, the rest of it will evaporate or sink into the earth. Meanwhile, an indoor grow requires far less water due to its controlled environment.\r\n\r\nThose concerned about the environment should be aware of the cons for each method of growing. Neither option is much better than the other. What it really comes down to is what resource you’re more interested in conserving. \r\n\r\nIn terms of quality, outdoor-grown cannabis can often grow larger, fluffier buds that aren’t as tight or densely packed with cannabinoids. These buds tend to be more weathered by factors like UV exposure, wind, pests and high temperatures than with those produced by other methods of growing.\r\n\r\nThe exposure to the elements can lead to tougher flower that’s discolored to look more brown or gray, with higher percentages of plant material and lipids. This can leave outdoor-grown flower tasting more grassy than indoor or greenhouse cannabis. While some outdoor grows can produce kind, incredibly well-grown flower that can almost pass for indoor-grown cannabis, outdoor cannabis continues to sell for less because of the loss in quality generally experienced in outdoor grows. \r\n\r\n### Reasons Why You May Prefer Greenhouse-Grown Cannabis \r\n\r\nWith this cultivation method, growers combine a partially controlled greenhouse environment with natural sunlight to produce flowers that hover between indoor and outdoor in terms of quality. Like the outdoors, greenhouses produce relatively large plants that have the complex array of terpenes and cannabinoids provided by full-spectrum light exposure.\r\n\r\nBecause it’s grown in a partially controlled environment, greenhouse flower can be kinder than outdoor cannabis. In other words, greenhouse flower tends to be smoother, more flavorful and more visually appealing than that of the outdoor variety, but not quite as much as indoor cannabis tends to be. With a price that’s also usually somewhere between the cost of indoor and outdoor marijuana, many find greenhouse cannabis to be a good compromise between quality and price.  \r\n\r\n### The Downsides of Greenhouse-Grown Cannabis \r\n\r\nGreenhouse flower has many of the benefits of both indoor and outdoor products. Unfortunately, it also shares some of the downsides of both. For one thing, while not as weathered as outdoor plants can get, greenhouse cannabis simply isn’t as kind as indoor-grown marijuana is—some deem this as a major drawback.  \r\n\r\nYou may hear the argument that greenhouse growing combines the best of both worlds as it uses natural light while in a controlled environment. But environmentally, greenhouse growing can be problematic—like indoors, greenhouse still uses a moderate amount of electricity for fans, air-conditioning and supplemental lights. While it isn’t as much as what indoor growing requires, it’s still considerable. In addition, like outdoors, greenhouse also uses a lot of water. So, similar to indoors and outdoors, this method also has a negative impact on the environment.\r\n\r\n### Other Cultivation Styles for Growing Marijuana\r\n\r\nIndoors, outdoors and greenhouse are the three cannabis cultivation methods you’ll most likely come across when shopping for your cannabis. Of course, within each method, growing styles may vary—for example, some cultivators use hydroponics, while others use soil; some use organic methods of growing, while others use synthetic nutrients and pesticides.\r\n\r\nIn addition, with continued technological advances, we’re also seeing new styles of cultivating that combine these growing methods in new and unexpected ways. One example is the use of natural light in entirely indoor spaces. These new methods may help improve quality while driving down the environmental costs of growing cannabis.\r\n\r\nThat said, flower grown with these new methods isn’t yet widely available, so it’s important to understand the more basic methods still used throughout the industry to help you decide what type of cannabis will work for you. The different ways that the plant can be grown can and will have a big effect on your experience. Whether indoors, outdoors or greenhouse, incredible flower can come out of each of these methods. Which type do you prefer? The only way to know for sure is to try them out for yourself. \r\n\r\nIn the next installment of our Cannabis for Newbies guide, we get into how cannabis’s many variations—from strains and methods of growing to cannabinoids and terpenes—come together to interact with your individual biochemistry. Ever wonder why some strains can make your friends feel relaxed and happy while making you feel anxious and scattered? Stay tuned to learn more. \r\n\r\nPhoto credit: [Rusty Blazenhoff](https://www.flickr.com/photos/blazenhoff/)\r\n\r\nNeed a medical marijuana recommendation? [Consult with one of HelloMD’s knowledgeable doctors](https://www.hellomd.com/); it's easy, private and 100% online.","image":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.3605442176870748,"src":"/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/14b42/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.jpg","srcSet":"/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/f836f/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.jpg 200w,\n/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/2244e/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.jpg 400w,\n/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/14b42/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.jpg 800w,\n/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/719d0/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.jpg 1025w","srcWebp":"/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/58556/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/61e93/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.webp 200w,\n/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/1f5c5/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.webp 400w,\n/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/58556/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.webp 800w,\n/static/aaee0b538b3b5a378fb1c28aed26b7cc/d34e0/4479c2bff62a82aafaed405da1d2e59d.webp 1025w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}}]}},"pageContext":{"limit":12,"skip":0,"numPages":1,"currentPage":1,"id":5595,"name":"Outdoor Growing","slug":"outdoor-growing","country":"US"}},"staticQueryHashes":["3949754563","4179947113","4202924991"]}